Search results for "dynamics."

showing 10 items of 9637 documents

Compressed Polymer Brushes under the Shear Flow

1998

The structure and dynamics of two compressed polymer brushes under the shear deformation were investigated by the methods of stochastic dynamics. The shear was created by the move-ment of grafting planes with the constant velo-cities in opposite directions along the planes.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials science02 engineering and technologyPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterComputer Science::GraphicsStochastic dynamicsShear (geology)chemistryComposite material0210 nano-technologyShear flow
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Selfdiffusion of polymer chains in solutions and melts

2005

Anomalous diffusion of monomers of polymer chains, as well as motion of these chains as a whole, is discussed with an emphasis on Monte Carlo simulations and simple scaling concepts. While the behavior of isolated chains in good solvents or Theta-solvents without excluded volume interactions is fully accounted for by the Rouse model, the behavior is less clear both for isolated chains in bad solvents and for chains in dense melts. Collapsed chains are shown to diffuse as g3(t) = <([rCM (t) -rCM(0)]2〉 ∝ tξ3 where the (effective?) exponent ξ3 simply seems to be linearly temperature-dependent for temperatures T lower than the Σ-temperature, ξ3 T/Θ. A relaxation time τ oc N3 is found, and scali…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceAnomalous diffusionMonte Carlo methodThermodynamicsPolymerPolymer brushCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryExcluded volumeExponentPhysical chemistryScaling
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Mechanical Properties of Single Molecules and Polymer Aggregates

2013

This chapter deals with the mechanical properties of single polymer chains, aggregates, and supramolecular complexes. The topics discussed cover a broad range from fundamental statistical mechanics of the equilibrium elastic properties of single polymer chains to details of the behavior of binding pockets in biomolecular assemblies as observed by force spectroscopy. The first section treats the equilibrium mechanical properties of single polymer chains in various environments, investigated via extensive simulations employing coarse-grained models that have proven extremely successful in many branches of polymer physics, namely the bond-fluctuation model and the self-avoiding walk model. Apa…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceCatenaneForce spectroscopySupramolecular chemistryNanotechnologyPolymer adsorptionStatistical mechanicsPolymerMolecular dynamicschemistryChemical physicsPolymer physics
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Microscopic verification of dynamic scaling in dilute polymer solutions: A molecular-dynamics simulation

1991

The dynamics of a single polymer chain immersed in a large number of solvent particles is studied by molecular dynamics. This is the first simulation where chain length (30, 40, and 60 monomers) and statistical accuracy are sufficient to test the predictions of the Zimm model as a result of the particle-particle interactions: The short-time diffusion constant is in good agreement with the Kirkwood prediction, and the monomer motions exhibit the expected dynamic scaling. The long-range hydrodynamic interaction requires a data analysis that explicitly includes the periodic images via Ewald sums.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceComputer simulationDynamics (mechanics)General Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsPolymerFick's laws of diffusionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsMonomerchemistryChain (algebraic topology)Statistical physicsDiffusion (business)Physical Review Letters
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Counterion-mediated attraction and kinks on loops of semiflexible polyelectrolyte bundles.

2006

The formation of kinks in a loop of bundled polyelectrolyte filaments is analyzed in terms of the thermal fluctuations of charge density due to polyvalent counterions adsorbed on the polyelectrolyte filaments. It is found that the counterion-mediated attraction energy of filaments depends on their bending. By consideration of curvature elasticity energy and counterion-mediated attraction between polyelectrolyte filaments, the characteristic width of the kink and the number of kinks per loop is found to be in reasonable agreement with existing experimental data for rings of bundled actin filaments.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMolecular ConformationGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermal fluctuationsCharge densityBendingCurvatureAttractionPolyelectrolyteActinsQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterActin CytoskeletonElectrolyteschemistryModels ChemicalChemical physicsThermodynamicsCounterionElasticity (economics)Physical review letters
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Structural properties of concave cylindrical brushes interacting with free chains

2011

We present a self-consistent field theoretical study of the microstructure of concave cylindrical brushes as a function of the cylinder radius, grafting density, grafted chain length, and the solvent quality. We show that the results for the radial monomer density profile and the distribution of the free ends are in good agreement with the corresponding molecular dynamics results. Part of the investigation is focused on the conformational behavior of a free macromolecule in a cylindrical brush. A central result is the observed non-monotonous variation of the size of a free chain in a brush-coated tube when the tube radius is systematically changed. An interpretation of this behavior which d…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceField (physics)General ChemistryRadiusPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructureMolecular physicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsMonomerchemistryPolymer chemistryCylinderTube (container)Soft Matter
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Interactions between polymer brush-coated spherical nanoparticles: the good solvent case.

2011

The interaction between two spherical polymer brushes is studied by molecular dynamics simulation varying both the radius of the spherical particles and their distance, as well as the grafting density and the chain length of the end-grafted flexible polymer chains. A coarse-grained bead-spring model is used to describe the macromolecules, and purely repulsive monomer-monomer interactions are taken throughout, restricting the study to the good solvent limit. Both the potential of mean force between the particles as a function of their distance is computed, for various choices of the parameters mentioned above, and the structural characteristics are discussed (density profiles, average end-to…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanoparticleInteraction energyPolymerPolymer brushCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicschemistryComputational chemistryChemical physicsDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPotential of mean forceSolvent effectsThe Journal of chemical physics
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Elastic properties of polymer interfaces: Aggregation of pure diblock, mixed diblock, and triblock copolymers

2002

Block copolymers adsorbing to an interface between two immiscible homopolymers modify the elastic constants of this interface. Within self-consistent field calculations for Gaussian chains, we determine how the bending constants vary in dependence on the block copolymer concentration and architecture. Four phenomena are discussed. (i) When a tricritical or isotropic Lifshitz critical point is approached in a ternary mixture by varying the concentration of diblock copolymers or changing temperature, the elastic constants vanish. We determine the corresponding power laws, and show that the de Gennes--Taupin criterium for the stability of lamellar phases against undulations and the Ginzburg-La…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceIsotropyThermodynamicsFlexural rigidityBendingPolymerJCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryCritical point (thermodynamics)Copolymerddc:530Lamellar structureTernary operationPhysical Review E
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Phase Behaviour of Dye-Containing Liquid Crystalline Copolymers and their Mixtures with Low Molecular Weight Liquid Crystals

1985

Liquid crystalline side-chain polymers can be obtained by connecting the mesogenic groups and the polymer chain via a flexible spacer. The liquid crystalline polymers combine the well-known properties of low molecular weight liquid crystals with those of polymers.1

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceLiquid crystallineMesogenPolymereye diseasesPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCondensed Matter::Materials SciencechemistryLiquid crystalPhase (matter)Polymer chemistryCopolymersense organs
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Monte carlo simulation of the glass transition of polymer melts

2007

The bond fluctuation model of polymer melts is presented as a reasonable compromise between simulation efficiency and realistic chemical detail. It is shown that inclusion of a potential energy that depends on the length of the effective bonds connecting the effective monomers easily creates a conflict between configurational entropy of dense packing and the energetic tendency of the bonds to stretch. This competition leads to a glass transition of the model, which very well describes many features of real systems.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodConfiguration entropyThermodynamicsPolymerPotential energyCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryGlass transitionSupercoolingBond fluctuation model
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