Search results for "dynamics."

showing 10 items of 9637 documents

Unexpectedly normal phase behavior of single homopolymer chains

2006

Employing Monte Carlo simulations, we show that the topology of the phase diagram of a single flexible homopolymer chain changes in dependence on the range of an attractive square well interaction between the monomers. For a range of attraction larger than a critical value, the equilibrium phase diagram of the single polymer chain and the corresponding polymer solution phase diagram exhibit vapor (swollen coil, dilute solution), liquid (collapsed globule, dense solution), and solid phases. Otherwise, the liquid-vapor transition vanishes from the equilibrium phase diagram for both the single chain and the polymer solution. This change in topology of the phase diagram resembles the behavior k…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodEnthalpyThermodynamicsPolymerConformational entropyCritical valueCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterColloidchemistryEntropy (order and disorder)Phase diagramPhysical Review E
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A Monte Carlo study of diffusion in "living polymers"

1996

We report the first numeric experiments on diffusion in living polymers (polymers that can break and recombine reversibly, and are characterized by an exponential molecular weight distribution). In the simulation we use a modification of the bond fluctuation model which is known to reproduce the correct Rouse dynamics of polymer chains. The diffusion coefficient D reveals a Rouse-type behaviour D ∝ 1/L, where L is the average chain length of the polydisperse system. We also find a D ∝ exp [ − V/2kBT] dependence on the bond energy V, whereas at constant temperature the diffusion coefficient turns out to be inversely proportional, D ∝ ρ−1, to the monomer density of the system ρ in agreement w…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsPolymerExponential functionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryMolar mass distributionStatistical physicsDiffusion (business)Bond energyConstant (mathematics)Europhysics Letters (EPL)
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Anomalous scaling of the critical temperature of unmixing with chain length for two-dimensional polymer blends

2003

The thermodynamics, structure and the chain configurations of symmetrical polymer mixtures confined into ultrathin films are studied by Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model. It is shown that the Flory-Huggins–type scaling of the critical temperature (Tc ~ N) with chain length N in the bulk is replaced by a weaker increase, Tc ~ N1/2, in an ultrathin film, and this is interpreted in terms of geometric arguments. The pair-correlation function g(r) of monomers from different chains exhibits a pronounced correlation hole, and the density of intermolecular contacts zc decreases with N as zc ~ N−1/2.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodIntermolecular forceGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsTwo-dimensional polymerPolymerCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterChain (algebraic topology)chemistryPolymer blendConfined spaceScalingEurophysics Letters (EPL)
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Static and dynamic scaling behavior of a polymer melt model with triple-well bending potential

2018

We perform molecular-dynamics simulations for polymer melts of the coarse-grained polyvinyl alcohol model that crystallizes upon slow cooling. To establish the properties of its high temperature liquid state as a reference point, we characterize in detail the structural features of equilibrated polymer melts with chain lengths $5\le N \le 1000$ at a temperature slightly above their crystallization temperature. We find that the conformations of sufficiently long polymers with $N >50$ obey essentially the Flory's ideality hypothesis. The chain length dependence of the end-to-end distance and the gyration radius follow the scaling predictions of ideal chains and the probability distributions o…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsCrystallization of polymersThermodynamicsMesophase02 engineering and technologyPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesGyrationCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMean squared displacementReptationMolecular dynamicschemistry0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyScalingJournal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
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Conformational Properties of End-Grafted Bottlebrush Polymers

2020

Scaling analysis combined with free-energy calculations and molecular dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained bead-spring model have been used to study the structural properties of planar brushes ...

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic Chemistry02 engineering and technologyPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistryMolecular dynamicsPlanarchemistryChemical physicsMaterials Chemistry0210 nano-technologyScalingMacromolecules
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Interaction Between Polymer Brush-Coated Spherical Nanoparticles: Effect of Solvent Quality

2012

The interaction between two spherical polymer brushes in solvents of variable quality is studied by molecular dynamics simulation and by self-consistent field theory, varying both the radius of the spherical particles and their distance, as well as the grafting density and the chain length of the end-grafted flexible polymer chains. Both the potential of mean force between the particles as a function of their distance is computed, for various choices of the parameters mentioned above, and the structural characteristics are discussed (density profiles, average end-to-end distance of grafted chains, etc.) It is found that for rather short chain lengths and not too large grafting densities, is…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryNanoparticleRadiusPolymerGraftingPolymer brushCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistrySolventMolecular dynamicschemistryChemical physicsPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPotential of mean forceMacromolecules
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Frictional drag between polymer bearing surfaces

2002

Some fundamental features of friction between two polymer bearing surfaces in relative sliding motion are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. End-tethered and adsorbed polymers are considered under good and poor solvent conditions. The shear stress is measured while varying the solvent's viscosity, surface separation, degree of polymerization and grafting density. For all systems we observe shear thinning that is attributed to the orientation of the chains along the shear direction. This effect is particularly strong for brushes, for which the shear stress during the steady sliding state is mainly determined by the degree of overlap between the brushes.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceShear thinningGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolymerDegree of polymerizationPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicsClassical mechanicsAdsorptionShear (geology)chemistryHardware and ArchitectureDragShear stressComposite materialComputer Physics Communications
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Pressure-Induced Formation of Diblock Copolymer "Micelles" in Supercritical Fluids. A Combined Study by Small Angle Scattering Experiments and Mean-F…

2004

We developed a simple mean-field theory to describe polymer and AB diblock copolymer phase separation in supercritical (SC) fluids. The highly compressible SC fluid has been described by using a phenomenological hole theory, properly extended to consider the solvent/polymer/vacancy pseudoternary mixture. The model has been applied to describe the phase behavior of AB-diblock copolymers under the assumption of a strong solvent selectivity for just one copolymer chain. In our model the solvent selectivity is a strong function of the external pressure because in compressible fluids vacancies reduce the number of favorable solvent-polymer contacts. The combined effect of the pressure on the ave…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceSmall-angle X-ray scatteringGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsPolymerSupercritical fluid extraction Carbon dioxide dispersion polymerizationSupercritical fluidCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMean field theorychemistryPhase (matter)CopolymerOrganic chemistryPolymer blendPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolvent effects
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Molecular modeling studies of interactions between sodium polyacrylate polymer and calcite surface

2013

Abstract The interactions between calcite pigment and sodium polyacrylate dispersing agent, widely used in papermaking as paper coating components, were investigated using classical force field and quantum chemical approaches. The objective was to understand interactions between the calcite surface and sodium polyacrylate polymer at 300 K using molecular dynamics simulations. A quantum mechanical ab initio Hartree–Fock method was also used to obtain detailed information about the sodium polyacrylate polymer structure. The effect of water molecules (moisture) on the interactions was also examined. Calculations showed that molecular weight, branching and the orientation of sodium polyacrylate…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceSodium polyacrylateSodiumInorganic chemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsBranching (polymer chemistry)DispersantSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMoleculePhysics::Chemical Physicsta116Applied Surface Science
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Effect of the solvent quality on the structural rearrangement of spherical brushes: coarse-grained models

2012

A coarse-grained model for flexible polymers end-grafted to repulsive spherical nanoparticles is studied for various polymer lengths, grafting densities, and nanoparticle sizes by molecular dynamics simulations, considering variable solvent quality in the framework of an implicit solvent treatment. Below the theta point, the tuning of the temperature strongly influences the coverage of the nanoparticle surface by collapsed single chains or clusters of several chains. The shape and size of the aggregates depend on the number of monomers and surface density of the polymers. Specifically we analyzed the effect of the solvent quality on the density profiles and radius of gyration of the single …

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceTheta solventNanoparticleGeneral ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryChemical physicsPolymer chemistryRadius of gyrationCluster (physics)MoleculeSoft Matter
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