Search results for "efficiency"

showing 10 items of 1430 documents

Sound absorption prediction of linear damped acoustic resonators using a lightweight hybrid model

2019

International audience; A lightweight numerical method is developed to predict the sound absorption coefficient of resonators whose cross-section dimensions are significantly larger compared to the viscous and thermal boundary layer’s thicknesses. This method is based on the boundary layer theory and on the perturbations theory. According to the perturbations theory, in acoustical domains with large dimensions, the fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity only affect the boundary layers. The model proposed in this article combines the lossless Helmholtz wave equation derived from a perfect fluid hypothesis, with viscosity and thermal conductivity values of a real fluid to compute the sound …

PhysicsAcoustics and UltrasonicsComputation efficiencyNumerical analysisAcousticsResonance absorbersDissipationWave equation01 natural sciences7. Clean energy[PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]010305 fluids & plasmasBoundary layer theoryViscothermal lossesBoundary layersymbols.namesakeViscosityNoise reduction coefficientResonatorHelmholtz free energy0103 physical sciencessymbolsSound absorptionAcoustic modeling010301 acousticsApplied Acoustics
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A model of M87 nuclear emission without ADAF

2007

We present a simple physical model of the central source emission in the M87 galaxy. It is well known that the observed X‐ray luminosity from this galactic nucleus is much lower than the predicted one, if a standard radiative efficiency is assumed. Up to now the main model invoked to explain such a luminosity is the ADAF (Advection‐Dominated‐Accretion‐Flow) model. Our approach supposes only a simple axis‐symmetric adiabatic accretion with a low angular momentum together with the bremsstrahlung emission process in the accreting gas. With no other special hypothesis on the dynamics of the system, this model agrees well enough with the luminosity value measured by Chandra.

PhysicsAngular momentumActive galactic nucleusAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaBremsstrahlungAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGalactic nucleiGalaxyAccretion (astrophysics)Radiative efficiencyAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAdiabatic processAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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A Simple Model of Radiative Emission in M87

2005

We present a simple physical model of the central source emission in the M87 galaxy. It is well known that the observed X-ray luminosity from this galactic nucleus is much lower than the predicted one, if a standard radiative efficiency is assumed. Up to now the main model invoked to explain such a luminosity is the ADAF (Advection-Dominated-Accretion-Flow) model. Our approach supposes only a simple axis-symmetric adiabatic accretion with a low angular momentum together with the bremsstrahlung emission process in the accreting gas. With no other special hypothesis on the dynamics of the system, this model agrees well enough with the luminosity value measured by Chandra.

PhysicsAngular momentumAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)BremsstrahlungFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysicsaccretion accretion disks black hole physics hydrodynamicsGalaxyAccretion (astrophysics)Space and Planetary ScienceRadiative efficiencyRadiative transferAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAdiabatic processAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsThe Astrophysical Journal
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Near-unity third-harmonic circular dichroism driven by a quasibound state in the continuum in asymmetric silicon metasurfaces

2021

We use numerical simulations to demonstrate third-harmonic generation with near-unity nonlinear circular dichroism (CD) and high conversion efficiency $({10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\text{W}}^{\ensuremath{-}2})$ in asymmetric Si-on-$\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ metasurfaces. The working principle relies on the spin-selective excitation of a quasibound state in the continuum, characterized by a very high $(g{10}^{5})$ quality factor. By tuning multimode interference with the variation of the metasurface geometrical parameters, we show the possibility to control both linear CD and nonlinear CD. Our results pave the way for the development of all-dielectric metasurfaces for …

PhysicsCircular dichroismSiliconEnergy conversion efficiencynonlinear optics chirality quasi-bound statesPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi Elettromagnetici02 engineering and technologyState (functional analysis)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesNonlinear systemQuality (physics)chemistry0103 physical sciencesContinuum (set theory)Atomic physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyExcitationPhysical Review A
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Modeling of the photorefractive nonlinear response in Sn_2P_2S_6 crystals

2007

We develop a theory of the photorefractive nonlinear response for Sn2P2S6 crystals. The theory incorporates two types of charge carrier (optically active and passive), provides explicit expressions for the characteristic buildup-relaxation rates and gain factors, explains naturally a big variety of accumulated experimental data, and facilitates characterization-optimization of this important nonlinear material.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryNonlinear opticsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPhotorefractive effectDiffraction efficiencyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLight intensityNonlinear systemOpticsElectric fieldCharge carrierbusinessRefractive indexJournal of the Optical Society of America B
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Single-Ion Heat Engine at Maximum Power

2012

We propose an experimental scheme to realize a nanoheat engine with a single ion. An Otto cycle may be implemented by confining the ion in a linear Paul trap with tapered geometry and coupling it to engineered laser reservoirs. The quantum efficiency at maximum power is analytically determined in various regimes. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations of the engine are performed that demonstrate its feasibility and its ability to operate at a maximum efficiency of 30% under realistic conditions.

PhysicsCouplingMaximum power principleMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsOtto cycleQuantum efficiencyMechanicsIon trap530IonHeat engine
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Generation of accelerating beams using nano-scale metallic circular gratings

2014

Spatially accelerating beams that are solutions to the Maxwell equations may propagate along incomplete circular trajectories, after which diffraction broadening takes over and the beams spread out. In this paper we report on numerical simulations that show the conversion of a high-numerical-aperture focused beam into a nonparaxial shape-preserving accelerating beam having a beam-width near the diffraction limit. Beam shaping is induced by a diffractive optical element that consists of a non-planar sub-wavelength grating enabling a Bessel signature.

PhysicsDiffractionbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsGratingDiffraction efficiencysymbols.namesakeOpticsMaxwell's equationsLimit (music)symbolsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsbusinessNanoscopic scaleBeam (structure)Bessel function2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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Bifractal focusing and imaging properties of Thue-Morse Zone Plates.

2015

We present a new family of Zone Plates (ZPs) designed using the Thue-Morse sequence. The focusing and imaging properties of these aperiodic diffractive lenses coined Thue-Morse Zone Plates (TMZPs) are examined. It is demonstrated that TMZPs produce a pair of self-similar and equally intense foci along the optical axis. As a consequence of this property, under broadband illumination, a TMZP produces two foci with an extended depth of focus and a strong reduction of the chromatic aberration compared with conventional periodic ZPs. This distinctive optical characteristic is experimentally confirmed.

PhysicsExtended depth of focusgenetic structuresbusiness.industryORDERDiffraction efficiencyElectromagnetic radiationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical axisDiffractive lensOpticsAperiodic graphFISICA APLICADAChromatic aberrationbusinessMATEMATICA APLICADAOptics express
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Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3–XClx Solar Cells and their Degradation (Part 1: A Short Review)

2021

Development of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSC) has been one of the hottest research topics since 2013. Within brief literature review, we would like to achieve two objectives. Firstly, we would like to indicate that a whole set of physical properties, such as high change carrier mobility, very low recombination rates, large carrier life time and diffu-sion length, large absorption coefficients and very weak exciton binding energies, are defining high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of methyl ammonium lead trihalide SC. The second objective is to draw attention to some, in our opinion, important aspects that previously have not been satisfactory addressed in literatur…

PhysicsHorizon (archaeology)Solid-state physicsPhysicsQC1-999General EngineeringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences7. Clean energyEngineering physics0104 chemical sciencespower conversion efficiencylead halide perovskiteinverted solar cells:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]media_common.cataloged_instanceInverted solar cellsEuropean union0210 nano-technologyPerovskite (structure)media_common
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Simulation and experimental investigations on dynamic after cavity interaction (ACI)

2010

In recent years, the so called after cavity interaction (ACI) in high power gyrotrons operating in the 100–200 GHz range gained attention as an influence factor on overall efficiency. While investigations concentrated on ACI as a stationary effect until now, recent simulations show that an undesired interaction in the uptaper region can also result in additional parasitic oscillations. In this paper, such non-stationary, dynamic processes are investigated in first simulations and experiments.

PhysicsInfluence factorModulationTerahertz radiationParasitic oscillationMechanicsOverall efficiencyPower (physics)35th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves
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