Search results for "eläin"
showing 10 items of 169 documents
Reaalifantasian paikat: väitöskirjantekijän matkat ja kotiinpaluut
2018
Blogiteksti nonPeerReviewed
Switching spatial scale reveals dominance-dependent social foraging tactics in a wild primate
2017
When foraging in a social group, individuals are faced with the choice of sampling their environment directly or exploiting the discoveries of others. The evolutionary dynamics of this trade-off have been explored mathematically through the producer-scrounger game, which has highlighted socially exploitative behaviours as a major potential cost of group living. However, our understanding of the tight interplay that can exist between social dominance and scrounging behaviour is limited. To date, only two theoretical studies have explored this relationship systematically, demonstrating that because scrounging requires joining a competitor at a resource, it should become exclusive to high-rank…
Identifying territories using presence-only citizen science data : An application to the Finnish wolf population
2022
Citizens, community groups and local institutions participate in voluntary biological monitoring of population status and trends by providing species data e.g. for regulations and conservation. Sophisticated statistical methods are required to unlock the potential of such data in the assessment of wildlife populations. We develop a statistical modelling framework for identifying territories based on presence-only citizen science data. The framework can be used to jointly estimate the number of active animal territories and their locations in time. Our approach is based on a data generating model which consists of a dynamic submodel for the appearance/removal of territories and an observatio…
Koirat ovat elävää kulttuuriperintöä, mutta lemmikkikulttuuri ei oikeuta koirien kärsimystä
2019
Tuottajien ääni kuuluviin Just Food -hankkeessa
2020
Hanke tutkii, miten siirtymä ilmastoviisaaseen ja terveelliseen ruokajärjestelmään voidaan tehdä kestävästi ja oikeudenmukaisesti. nonPeerReviewed
The evolution and ecology of multiple antipredator defences
2023
Prey seldom rely on a single type of antipredator defence, often using multiple defences to avoid predation. In many cases, selection in different contexts may favour the evolution of multiple defences in a prey. However, a prey may use multiple defences to protect itself during a single predator encounter. Such “defence portfolios” that defend prey against a single instance of predation are distributed across and within successive stages of the predation sequence (encounter, detection, identification, approach (attack), subjugation and consumption). We contend that at present, our understanding of defence portfolio evolution is incomplete, and seen from the fragmentary perspective of speci…
Importance of diet and prophylactic treatment on survival and immunity of polyphagous Arctia plantaginis (Arctiidae) larvae
2018
Diet is one of the major factors directly and indirectly influencing insect’s life history traits and risk of getting infected. Additionally the insect’s fitness is severely affected by the broad diversity of parasites they are exposed to. As a consequence insects have developed well-evolved defences. Behavioural responses include self-medication, the ability of insects to change dietary intake in response to an infection. When studying this ability it is of major importance to consider the insects natural diet range. In this thesis I investigated the effect of different host plants on fitness and immunocompetence of polyphagous Arctia plantaginis larvae and whether the larvae can therapeut…
Chimpanzees surviving in a fragmented high‐altitude forest landscape of the Congolese Albertine Rift
2021
This paper documents a community of eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii Giglioli, 1872) inhabiting three relict forest fragments situated on the Lake Albert escarpment, down the Ituri highlands, of eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The area explored had a combined forested surface of ±18.15 km2 in 2017, shrinking by 1.2% per year between 2010 and 2015. Between 2015 and 2017, we found 160 chimpanzee nests along 37.6 km of pilot walks, some up to 2,000 m altitude. Another 123 nests logged along 6.7 km transects led to an estimate of chimpanzee density of 4.62 weaned individuals per square kilometer of forest habitat. Camera‐trap images and direct observations rev…
Jokiravun (Astacus astacus) ja täpläravun (Pacifastacus leniusculus) sopeutuminen virtavesiin
2008
Sosiaalinen oppiminen eläinmallissa
2016
Tässä kokeellisessa tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin sosiaalista oppimista eläinmallissa, jonka keskiössä olivat rotat ja niiden oppimisen sosiaalisuus. Tätä ilmiötä lähestyttiin pohtimalla kysymyksiä: (1) eroavatko rotat lajikannan (HCR - LCR) tai (2) oppimistyylin (itsenäinen - toiselta mallintava) suhteen, sekä (3) eroavatko viivästetyn ja viiveettömän sosiaalisen oppimisen ryhmät toisistaan. Toisin sanoen tutkimuksessa sosiaalinen oppiminen miellettiin rottien käyttäytymisessä tapahtuviksi muutoksiksi, joiden mahdollista ilmenemistä voitiin tarkastella useilla mittauskerroilla. Tutkimuksen koeryhmä muodostui urosrotista (N = 18), joissa oli HCR-rottia (n = 10) ja LCR-rottia (n = 8). Koeasete…