Search results for "election"

A mate to die for? A model of conditional monogyny in cannibalistic spiders.

2012

Monogynous males in various species actively limit themselves to mating with a single female in their lifetime. Whereas previous models have considered monogyny as an obligate mating strategy, here we explore the potential of monogyny to evolve as a context-specific (conditional) behavior. Using a state-dependent dynamic game model based on the biology of the cannibalistic spider Argiope bruennichi, we confirm that conditional monogyny can evolve under broad conditions, including an even sex ratio. We predict that males should make a terminal investment when mating with large, virgin females, especially if population density is low and the encounter occurs late in the season. We encourage e…

Prowadzenie działalności gospodarczej jako podstawa wygaśnięcia mandatu radnego w świetle orzecznictwa sądowoadministracyjnego – wybrane problemy

2020

The paper presents the legal basis for the termination of a councillor’s mandate, which comes from general elections, in a situation when he finds out that he conducts business activity on the property or using the property of the commune in which he obtained the mandate. The positions of administrative courts expressed in this regard as a result of complaints about resolutions or supervisory decisions, by which the councillor’s mandate was terminated due to the premise of conducting business activity, were presented.

Grande lessive à l'Assemblée nationale

2017

International audience

Kouluvalintapolitiikka perusopetuksessa: suomalaiskaupunkien koulumarkkinat kansainvälisessä valossa

2006

Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan kouluvalintapolitiikan käyttöä lasten sijoittamisessa oppivelvollisuuskouluihin. Kyse on ylikansallisesta toimintapolitiikasta, jonka mukaan vanhemmat voivat hakea lapselle koulupaikkaa haluamaansa kouluun ja koulut voivat (osittain) valita oppilaansa. Kouluvalintapolitiikkaa on toteutettu Suomen yhtenäiskoulujärjestelmässä 1990-luvun puolivälistä alkaen. Kouluvalintapolitiikan tapahtumapaikka käsitteellistetään koulumarkkinoiksi. Käsitteen koulumarkkinat päällekkäisiä merkityksiä eritellään ideologiseksi malliksi (koulumarkkinat, hallinnolliseksi malliksi (kvasimarkkinat), alueelliseksi malliksi (paikalliset koulumarkkinat ja empiiriseksi tutkimuskohteeksi (elet…

Evolution of Complex Acoustic Signals in Drosophila Species

2009

species produce complex acous-tic cues, so-called courtship songs, while pursuing a female.In most of the over 100 species studied so far (see thelist of these species in Hoikkala, 2005), such cues areproduced by wing vibration. Other mechanisms of songproduction include abdomen purring (Hoy, Hoikkala, &Kaneshiro, 1988) and rapid vibrations of the whole body(Ritchie & Gleason, 1995). The carrier frequency of songsproduced through any of these actions ranges from 150 to500Hz. A hitherto unknown mechanism enables males ofsome Hawaiian species to generate songs of up to 15,000Hz(Hoikkala, Hoy, & Kaneshiro, 1989).The structure of the courtship songs of closely relatedspecies often reflects phylo…

Bayesian Hierarchical Models for Random Routes in Finite Populations

1996

In many practical situations involving sampling from finite populations, it is not possible (or it is prohibitely expensive) to access, or to even produce, a listing of all of the units in the population. In these situations, inferences can not be based on random samples from the population. Random routes are widely used procedures to collect data in absence of well defined sampling frames, and they usually have either been improperly analyzed as random samples, or entirely ignored as useless. We present here a Bayesian analysis of random routes that incorporates the information provided but carefully takes into account the non- randomness in the selection of the units.

Herramientas estadísticas para resolver contrastes de hipótesis con contenido biológico: su uso en ecología del siglo XXI

2008

Amenudo la formación que han recibido durante la carrera los jóvenes investigadores tiene notables carencias en los aspectos prácticos de diseño experimental, análisis de datos e interpretación de resultados, lo cual limita de manera decisiva el provecho científico futuro de sus actividades. Eso es especialmente cierto en nuestros días, ya que vivimos una revolución importante en el campo de la metodología estadística e incluso en el procedimiento de hacer inferencia (el salto matemático desde las propiedades de nuestra muestra de datos a las de los parámetros desconocidos de la población, nuestro objeto de estudio), que afecta no sólo a los ecólogos sino a muchas otras disciplinas científi…

Sex-Specific Habitat Selection in an Edge Habitat Specialist, the Western Barbastelle Bat

2011

The niche variation hypothesis suggests that a population's ability to react to varying environmental conditions depend on the behavioural variability of its members. However, most studies on bats, including the work on the habitat use of the western barbastelle bat, Barbastella barbastellus, have not considered sex-specific and individual variability. We studied the habitat use of 12 female and five male western barbastelle bats within their home ranges with respect to available habitat types by applying kernel methods and Euclidean distances. Our results indicate individual habitat preferences within and among sexes of this species. Females preferred deciduous forest and linear elements w…

2014

Captive breeding for conservation purposes presents a serious practical challenge because several conflicting genetic processes (i.e., inbreeding depression, random genetic drift and genetic adaptation to captivity) need to be managed in concert to maximize captive population persistence and reintroduction success probability. Because current genetic management is often only partly successful in achieving these goals, it has been suggested that management insights may be found in sexual selection theory (in particular, female mate choice). We review the theoretical and empirical literature and consider how female mate choice might influence captive breeding in the context of current genetic…

Influences of geographic differentiation in the forewing warning signal of the wood tiger moth in Alaska

2014

Aposematic organisms have warning signals advertising their unpalatability to predators, and because signal efficiency is better in higher densities, positive frequency-dependent selection is expected to select against less common signals. The wood tiger moth (Parasemia plantaginis) occurs across the Holarctic and its conspicuous hindwings serve as warning signals to predators. It also has conspicuous black and white forewing patterns that could act as warning signals, or help to hide the moth by preventing predators from seeing the outline of the moth’s body (a strategy known as disruptive coloration). In Alaska, the predominant forewing pattern changes distinctly between the regions aroun…