Search results for "electromagnetic"

showing 10 items of 1595 documents

The limits of the rotating wave approximation in electromagnetic field propagation in a cavity

2005

We consider three two-level atoms inside a one-dimensional cavity, interacting with the electromagnetic field in the rotating wave approximation (RWA), commonly used in the atom-radiation interaction. One of the three atoms is initially excited, and the other two are in their ground state. We numerically calculate the propagation of the field spontaneously emitted by the excited atom and scattered by the second atom, as well as the excitation probability of the second and third atom. The results obtained are analyzed from the point of view of relativistic causality in the atom-field interaction. We show that, when the RWA is used, relativistic causality is obtained only if the integrations …

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesElectromagnetic fieldPhysicsQuantum PhysicsField (physics)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyOptical fieldCausalityCavity quantum electrodynamicRotating wave approximation.Quantum electrodynamicsQuantum mechanicsExcited stateAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersRotating wave approximationPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Ground stateExcitationPhysics Letters A
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Causality, non-locality and three-body Casimir–Polder energy between three ground-state atoms

2006

The problem of relativistic causality in the time-dependent three-body Casimir–Polder interaction energy between three atoms, initially in their bare ground-state, is discussed. It is shown that the non-locality of the spatial correlations of the electromagnetic field emitted by the atoms during their dynamical self-dressing may become manifest in the dynamical three-body Casimir–Polder interaction energy between the three atoms.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesElectromagnetic fieldPhysicsQuantum opticsThree-body dispersion forces.Interaction energyCondensed Matter PhysicsThree-body problemAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMany-body problemCausality (physics)Casimir effectQuantum electrodynamicQuantum mechanicsCausality and non-localityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsGround stateJournal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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One-sided atomic deflection in the optical Stern-Gerlach effect and coherent trapping

2002

In the optical Stern-Gerlach effect, the interaction of a traveling two-level atom with the electromagnetic field of an optical cavity causes a splitting of the atomic trajectory. One may ask if it is possible to single out particular initial configurations of the system that will lead to selective scattering, in which the atoms follow only one trajectory. We show that these configurations consist of a coherent superposition of the atomic internal states, and of a field phase state or a field coherent state, with a precise phase relation between the two subsystems: The same configurations which produce the so-called atomic coherent trapping in the Jaynes-Cummings model.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesElectromagnetic fieldPhysicsStern–Gerlach experimentScatteringCoherent backscatteringAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionDeflection (physics)lawOptical cavityAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCoherent statesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsPhysical Review A
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<title>Multiphoton-absorption-induced structural changes in fused silica</title>

1991

The basic properties (light refractive index, density, mechanical strength, etc.) of fused silica are changed by the influence of high-intensity light from the glass transparency region capable of generating excitons by multiphoton absorption. The self-trapped exciton decay near the microcavity in the fused silica structure leads to the stable elementary intrinsic defect pair (nonbridging oxygen atom and three-fold-coordinated silicon atom) generation. At the large- enough light intensities near such a microcavity with a defect, the next exciton can be self- trapped. Then the next elementary defect can appear in the microcavity, and a chemical bond between it and the previously generated de…

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesMaterials scienceSiliconbusiness.industryOptical engineeringExcitonPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementMolecular physicsChemical speciesOpticsChemical bondchemistryAtombusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Refractive indexSPIE Proceedings
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Luminescence center excited state absorption in tungstates

2001

The excited state absorption of intrinsic luminescence center (self-trapped exciton) in tungstates (CaWO4, ZnWO4, PbWO4 and CdWO4) was studied. The transient absorption and luminescence spectra, decay kinetics and lifetime dependencies on temperature have been measured. The model of self-trapped exciton and nature of observed absorption bands were discussed.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhotoluminescenceAbsorption spectroscopyPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCondensed Matter::OtherChemistryExcitonBiophysicsGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundTungstateExcited stateUltrafast laser spectroscopyAtomic physicsLuminescenceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Journal of Luminescence
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Magnetorheology: Fluids, Structures and Rheology

2002

Magnetorheological suspensions are complex fluids which show a transition from a liquid behavior to a solid one upon application of a magnetic field. This transition is due to the the attractive dipolar forces between the particles which have been magnetized by the applied field. The formation of a network of particles or aggregates throughout the suspension is the basic phenomena which is responsible for the strength of the solid phase. In this paper we shall give an overview on the fluids and their properties and we shall especially emphasize the interplay between magnetic forces which are responsible for the gelling of the suspension and on the other hand of hydrodynamic and thermal forc…

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterShear rateMaterials scienceClassical mechanicsRheologyPhase (matter)Magnetorheological fluidElectromagnetic suspensionMechanicsComplex fluidMagnetic fieldSuspension (chemistry)
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Magnetic Field and Short-Circuit Reactance Calculation of the 3-Phase Transformer with Symmetrical Amorphous Core

2006

Magnetically symmetric, 3- phase transformer has been analysed. For the two variants of the windings, the calculation results have been compared with the measured ones. Magnetic flux density components were calculated in and out of the core. The flux distribution and short-circuit reactance have been verified experimentally and a good agreement has been obtained.

Condensed matter physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaReactanceengineering.materialFlux linkagelaw.inventionMagnetic fieldNuclear magnetic resonancelawElectromagnetic coilengineeringTransformerMagnetic reactanceShort circuitMathematicsElectrical steel
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Current density maps, magnetizability, and nuclear magnetic shielding tensors of bis-heteropentalenes. III. Thieno-thiophene isomers

2005

Near Hartree–Fock values of the magnetic susceptibility and nuclear magnetic shielding of bis-heteropentalenes consisting of two thiophene units ([2,3-b], [3,2-b], [3,4-b], and [3,4-c] isomers) have been estimated via computational schemes relying on continuous transformation of the origin of the current density within the coupled Hartree–Fock approximation and extended gaugeless Gaussian basis sets. The results are compared with those obtained via London gauge-including orbitals. Maps of streamlines and the modulus of the ring current density induced by a magnetic field normal to the molecular plane are reported for the three isomers of higher symmetry, showing that the intense diamagnetic…

Condensed matter physicsChemistryBiophysicsElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsMagnetic susceptibilityCurrent density maps; magnetizability; nuclear magnetic shielding tensors; thieno-thiophene isomersMagnetic fieldchemistry.chemical_compoundMagnetic anisotropyElectromagnetic shieldingThiopheneDiamagnetismTensorPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biology
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Luminescence of a self-trapped exciton in GeO2 crystal

1993

Abstract The self-trapped exciton (STE) is discovered in the GeO2 crystal. A PL band at 2.5 eV with a strong Stokes shift is excited only in the fundamental absorption range of GeO2 crystal with the quantum yield about 0.4 and the decay time constant 800 ± 5 μs at 80 K. The PL thermal quenching occurs at 200 K with the energy about 0.25 eV and the frequency factor 107. At 4.5 K the PL decay kinetics splits into two components with time constants 270 μs and 8000 μs, which can be due to a triplet state split in the zero magnetic field. The STE in GeO2 is very similar to a STE in SiO2.

Condensed matter physicsChemistryExcitonQuantum yieldGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystalsymbols.namesakeStokes shiftExcited stateMaterials ChemistrysymbolsAtomic physicsTriplet stateAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LuminescenceSolid State Communications
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EMI Analysis in Electrical Drives under Lightning Surge Conditions

2012

In this paper, a complete model of a power drive system including the earth electrodes is proposed to evaluate electromagnetic conducted interference due to lightning pulses. Circuit model of a power drive system is joined with a full-wave approach for the simulation of the time behavior of the grounding system. The proposed model enables to predict the electromagnetic conducted interference generated in the power drive system when lightning conditions involve the earth electrodes.

Conducted electromagnetic interferenceEngineeringbusiness.industryGroundElectromagnetic compatibilityElectrical engineeringElectromagnetic interference (EMI) electromagnetic transients finite-difference time-domain method induction motor drives lightning protection moments method.Condensed Matter PhysicsEarthing systemLightning arresterLightningAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectromagnetic interferencePhysics::GeophysicsSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaHardware_GENERALPhysics::Plasma PhysicsEMIElectronic engineeringElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusiness
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