Search results for "electron beam"

showing 10 items of 129 documents

The role of impurities in the irradiation induced densification of amorphous SiO(2).

2011

In a recent work (Buscarino et al 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 094202), by studying the properties of the (29)Si hyperfine structure of the E'(γ) point defect, we have proposed a model able to describe quantitatively the densification process taking place upon electron irradiation in amorphous SiO(2) (a-SiO(2)). In particular, we have shown that it proceeds heterogeneously, through the nucleation of confined densified regions statistically dispersed into the whole volume of the material. In the present experimental investigation, by using a similar approach on a wider set of materials, we explore how this process is influenced by impurities, such as OH and Cl, typically involved in relevant concent…

Materials scienceNucleationCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectAmorphous solidlaw.inventionChemical engineeringImpuritylawamorphous silicon dioxide sio2 irradiation effects electron irradiation point defects electron paramagnetic resonance densityElectron beam processingGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceHyperfine structureJournal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal
researchProduct

Induced attenuation in Ce3+ and Nd3+ doped fibers irradiated with electron beams under low dose regime

2005

Abstract In this paper, we study the feasibility of rare earth doped optical fibers as dosimeters based on the attenuation induced by electron beams under standard conditions in radiotherapy. Neodymium and cerium doped fibers have been irradiated with 10 MeV electrons, the radiation-induced loss and the dynamic response have been measured in the wavelength range 1200–1600 nm. The sensitivity of the fibers is of the order of 0.1 (dB/m)/Gy and has a linear dependence on the dose.

Materials scienceOptical fiberDosimeterbusiness.industryAttenuationPhysics::Medical PhysicsPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementRadiationNeodymiumAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCeriumOpticschemistrylawElectron beam processingCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronssense organsIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessOptics Communications
researchProduct

Ion irradiation of carbon nanotubes encapsulating cobalt crystals

2008

Abstract The response of multi-walled carbon nanotubes encapsulating Co nanorods to ion irradiation was studied. The irradiation experiments with medium ion energies (40–500 keV) were carried out at high temperatures and combined with transmission electron microscopy and Raman characterization of the irradiated samples. Contrary to electron irradiation and high-energy (100 MeV) ion irradiation, we did not see accumulation of pressure inside irradiated nanotubes. We found that nanotubes with Co nanorods inside were transformed to amorphous carbon rods encapsulating Co clusters with typical diameters of 3–6 nm. As Co is magnetic, such one-dimensional composite systems could be used for variou…

Materials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Medical PhysicsNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyCarbon nanotube01 natural sciencesIonlaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakelaw0103 physical sciencesElectron beam processingIrradiation010306 general physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous carbonChemical engineeringTransmission electron microscopysymbolsNanorod0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyPhysica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures
researchProduct

Structural, Optical, and Dielectric Investigations of the Relaxor PLZT 9,75/65/35 Ceramics Irradiated by High-Current Pulsed Electron Beam

2003

A comprehensive study of high-current pulsed electron irradiation effects on the structural, optical and dielectric properties of relaxor (Pb (1-x )La x )(Zr 0.65 Ti 0.35 ) 1-x/4 O 3 ceramics with x = 9,75 at.% has been performed for the first time. The electron beam had the following parameters: energy E = 250 keV, current density I = 1000 A/cm 2 , pulse duration τ = 300 ns, beam density -10 15 electrons/cm 2 per pulse. Infrared reflectivity spectra in the region of 100 ÷ 2000 cm -1 were obtained in virgin, irradiated by 1500 pulses and annealed up to 500°C ceramics. The reconstruction of perovskite ABO 3 structure in irradiated samples has been studied by combined use of X-ray diffraction…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryPhononPulse durationDielectricElectronNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsElectron beam processingIrradiationAtomic physicsbusinessCurrent densityFerroelectrics
researchProduct

<title>Structual changes of the PLZT ceramics irradiated by high-current pulsed electron beam</title>

2003

First time comprehensive study of high-current pulsed electron irradiation effects on the structural, optical and dielectric properties of relaxor (Pb(1-x)Lax)(Zr0.65Ti0.35)1-x/4O3 ceramics with x = 4 and 9.75 at.% have been provided. The electron beam had the following parameters: energy E = 250 keV, current density I = 1000 A/cm2, pulse duration τ = 300 ns, beam density - 1015 electrons/cm2 per pulse. Infrared reflectivity spectra in the region of 100 ÷ 2000 cm-1 were obtained in virgin, irradiated by 1500 pulses. The reconstruction of perovskite ABO3 structure in irradiated samples has been studied by complex use of X-ray and neutron scattering and IR spectroscopy techniques revealing th…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryScatteringPulse durationDielectricElectronNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceElectron beam processingOptoelectronicsIrradiationAtomic physicsbusinessCurrent densitySPIE Proceedings
researchProduct

Time-resolved FDTD and experimental FTIR study of gold micropatch arrays for wavelength-selective mid-infrared optical coupling

2021

The work was partially supported by Sweden's innovation agency Vinnova (Large area CVD graphene-based sensors/IR-photodetectors 2020-00797) and EU CAMART2 project (European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No.739508). TY acknowledges European Regional Development Fund Project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/4/20/740.

Materials sciencenano fabricationInfraredFDTDMathematicsofComputing_GENERALInfrared spectroscopyPhotodetectorTP1-118502 engineering and technologyFar field opticsInfrared sensing7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistrynear field opticsAnalytical Chemistry010309 opticselectron beam lithography0103 physical sciencesTransmittanceArray data structureElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationinfrared sensingNear field opticsbusiness.industryChemical technologyCommunicationNear-field opticsFinite-difference time-domain methodmetal micropatch arrays021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsfar field opticsWavelengthFTIR:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]OptoelectronicsElectron beam lithography0210 nano-technologybusinessMetal micropatch arraysNano fabrication
researchProduct

2D photonic defect layers in 3D inverted opals on Si platforms

2006

Dielectric spheres synthesised for the fabrication of self-organized photonic crystals such as opals offer large opportunities for the design of novel nanophotonic devices. In this paper, we show a hexagonal superlattice monolayer of dielectric spheres inscribed on a 3D colloidal photonic crystal by e-beam lithography. The crystal is produced by a variation of the vertical drawing deposition method assisted by an acoustic field. The structures were chosen after simulations showed that a hexagonal super-lattice monolayer in air exhibits an even photonic band gap below the light cone if the refractive index of the spheres is higher than 1.93.

Materials sciencesuperlatticesSuperlatticePhysics::OpticsDielectricphotonic band gapCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOpticselectron beam lithographyMonolayerPhotonic crystalrefractive indexnanotechnologybusiness.industrysiliconself-assemblyColloidal crystalmicro-opticsmonolayersintegrated opticsphotonic crystalsdielectric materialsOptoelectronicsPhotonicselemental semiconductorsbusinessElectron-beam lithography
researchProduct

Nanomanufacturing/Nanotechnology

2017

This chapter provides comprehensive knowledge regarding the fabrication of nanoproducts and element of micro-electromechanical systems using various techniques and processes. Both well-established techniques, such as nanomachining (ultra-precision) and new trends in improving nanoprocesses taking into account AFM, laser beam machining, electron beam machining processes are overviewed. The background of nanomachining processes, including typical machining operations such as turning, milling and grinding and different construction materials (metallic and nonmetallic), is outlined. The physical mechanisms responsible for the transition from brittle to ductile regime machining are explained. Mo…

Microelectromechanical systemsNanomanufacturingElectron beam machiningNanometrologyMachiningComputer scienceSystem of measurementLaser beam machiningMechanical engineeringGrinding
researchProduct

E-beam induced damage in SiO2–Ge crystalline α-quartz, comparison with silica glass

2005

Electron beam induced transformation in crystalline α-quartz doped with germanium was studied by mean of cathodoluminescence and of phase shift interferometric microscope. E-beams with low current (below 50 nA), defocused (diameter of spot about 40 μm) and with acceleration energy of 15 kV produce swelling of the irradiated volume about 100 nm above the non-irradiated surface. The luminescence of the self-trapped near germanium exciton (GeSTE) is observed mainly. No luminescence of the germanium related oxygen deficient center with bands at 290 and at 395 nm, usual for Ge-doped silica glass (GeODC), was observed. Defocused e-beam with higher current (about 200 nA), the same energy and simil…

MicroscopeMaterials sciencebusiness.industryExcitonDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCathodoluminescenceGermaniumCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOpticschemistrylawMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesElectron beam processingIrradiationLuminescencebusinessJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
researchProduct

Monte Carlo simulations of high-energy electron beams : model validation and dose calculations

2017

Komponenttisäteilytykseen valjastetusta Varian Clinac 2100 C/D -lineaarikiihdyttimestä luotiin Monte Carlo -menetelmiä hyödyntävä simulaatiomalli. Malli luotiin aineen ja säteilyn vuorovaikutuksien laskennalliseen mallintamiseen tarkoitettua Geant4 -ohjelmointityökalupakettia käyttäen. Mallin kyky ennustaa mittaustuloksia kiihdyttimen tuottamasta 20 MeV:in elektronisuihkusta todennettiin laskettuja ja mitattuja tuloksia vertailemalla, ja mallin jatkokehityksen kannalta tärkeimmät toimenpiteet määriteltiin. Lisäksi arvioitiin mallin ennustamaa absorpoitunutta annosta vesi- ja piifantomeissa, sekä laskettiin viitearvo absorpoituneen annoksen ja elektronivuon suhteelle. Lasketut annosprofiilit…

Monte Carlo -menetelmätComputational modelLinear acceleratorsElectron beamsVarian Clinac 2100 C/D
researchProduct