Search results for "electron localization function"

showing 10 items of 55 documents

Understanding the molecular mechanism of the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of benzonitrile oxide toward electron-richN-vinylpyrrole: a DFT study

2016

The [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction of benzonitrile oxide, BNO 2, with an electron-rich N-vinylpyrrole derivative, NVP 3a, in the presence of dichloromethane, has been theoretically studied using density functional theory (DFT) methods at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. This 32CA reaction presents a relatively high activation Gibbs free energy as a result of the low polar character of this zwitterionic-type (zw-type) reaction. Analyses of the calculated relative Gibbs free energies and transition state geometries indicate that the studied 32CA reaction, in excellent agreement with experimental outcomes, takes place in a complete regioselective manner as a consequence of the steric repulsion…

Steric effects010405 organic chemistryOrganic Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCycloadditionElectron localization function0104 chemical sciencesGibbs free energysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundBenzonitrilechemistryComputational chemistrysymbolsSingle bondDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDerivative (chemistry)Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry
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Unveiling the Ionic Diels-Alder Reactions within the Molecular Electron Density Theory

2021

The ionic Diels–Alder (I-DA) reactions of a series of six iminium cations with cyclopentadiene have been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT). The superelectrophilic character of iminium cations, ω &gt

Steric effectsCyclopentadienePharmaceutical ScienceIonic bonding010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundQD241-441Computational chemistryDrug Discoveryionic Diels–Alder reactionsReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical Chemistryorganic_chemistry010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistrySolvationCationic polymerizationMolecular Electron Density TheoryIminiumiminium cationsElectron localization function3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesChemistry (miscellaneous)asynchronicityglobal electron density transfersuperelectrophilesMolecular Medicine
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Synthesis and crystal structure of novel Ruddlesden–Popper strontium niobium oxynitrides

2002

Abstract The family (SrO)(SrNbO 2-x N) n is the first example of Ruddlesden-Popper strontium niobium oxynitrides and provides layered structures to obtain mixed valence niobium compounds with a variety of oxidation states and transport properties. We have prepared members with n =1 (Sr 2 NbO 3 N) and n =2 (Sr 3 Nb 2 O 5 N 2 ) by solid state reaction of Nb 2 O 5 and SrCO 3 at 900–1050 °C under ammonia flow. These compounds crystallize in the I4/mmm space group and show a range of anionic stoichiometry that together with the N/O ratio determines the formal oxidation state for niobium and therefore the resultant physical properties. Samples of the n =1 member show mixed valence Nb 5+ /Nb 4+ an…

StrontiumValence (chemistry)Inorganic chemistryNiobiumchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureElectron localization functionParamagnetismCrystallographychemistryOxidation stateMaterials ChemistryStoichiometryCrystal Engineering
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New insights in chemical reactivity from quantum chemical topology.

2021

International audience; Based on the quantum chemical topology of the modified electron localization function ELFx, an efficient and robust mechanistic methodology designed to identify the favorable reaction pathway between two reactants is proposed. We first recall and reshape how the supermolecular interaction energy can be evaluated from only three distinct terms, namely the intermolecular coulomb energy, the intermolecular exchange‐correlation energy and the intramolecular energies of reactants. Thereafter, we show that the reactivity between the reactants is driven by the first‐order variation in the coulomb intermolecular energy defined in terms of the response to changes in the numbe…

Water dimerQuantum Chemical TopologyMaterials science010304 chemical physicsHydrogen bondIntermolecular forceGeneral ChemistryInteraction energy010402 general chemistryTopology01 natural scienceselectrophile0104 chemical sciencesComputational Mathematicselectron localization functionIntramolecular force0103 physical sciences[CHIM]Chemical SciencesMoleculeChemical ReactivityFrontier Molecular Orbital Theory[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Reactivity (chemistry)nucleophileTopology (chemistry)Journal of computational chemistryREFERENCES
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A high-temperature x-ray absorption spectroscopy study of

1996

We present for the first time a high-temperature x-ray absorption spectroscopy study of at the edge. The analysis both of the XANES and of the EXAFS regions shows that, in , a progressive localization of the 5d states following the temperature rise is accompanied at T > 350 K by a distortion of the octahedra, which increases up to the decomposition temperature . The distortion leads to the lowering of the rhenium site symmetry from and is due to the electron - phonon coupling of the 5d electrons with the and phonons and to the Jahn - Teller effect caused by the rhenium electron which becomes localized at high temperature.

X-ray absorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicsAbsorption spectroscopyExtended X-ray absorption fine structureJahn–Teller effectchemistry.chemical_elementElectronRheniumCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsXANESElectron localization functionCondensed Matter::Materials SciencechemistryCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGeneral Materials ScienceJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Unveiling the Unexpected Reactivity of Electrophilic Diazoalkanes in [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions within Molecular Electron Density Theory

2021

The [3+2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions of strongly nucleophilic norbornadiene (NBD), with simplest diazoalkane (DAA) and three DAAs of increased electrophilicity, have been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the MPWB1K/6-311G (d,p) computational level. These pmr-type 32CA reactions follow an asynchronous one-step mechanism with activation enthalpies ranging from 17.7 to 27.9 kcal&middot

analytical_chemistryExergonic reactiondiazoalkanes010405 organic chemistryNorbornadienemolecular electron density theoryGeneral Medicine010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCycloadditionElectron localization function3. Good health0104 chemical scienceslcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:QD1-999conceptual DFTchemistryNucleophileComputational chemistryelectron localization functionElectrophilenorbornadieneReactivity (chemistry)Acetonitrile
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Lithium Cation-Catalyzed Benzene Diels-Alder Reaction: Insights on the Molecular Mechanism Within the Molecular Electron Density Theory.

2020

The lithium cation Li+-catalyzed Diels-Alder (DA) reactions of benzene toward a series of acetylenes of improved nucleophilicity can be described within the context of the molecular electron density theory (MEDT) at the ωB97XD/6-311G(d,p) level. Conceptual density functional theory indices characterize the crown ether solvated complex benzene-lithium Bz-Li-Cro as a superelectrophile. Coordination of a lithium cation to benzene does not change substantially the electron localization function electronic structure of benzene. The DA reaction of Bz-Li-Cro with acetylene shows a reduction of the energy of activation of 6.9 kcal·mol-1, which is not sufficient for the reaction to take place, thus …

chemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic Chemistry010402 general chemistryAlkali metal01 natural sciencesElectron localization function0104 chemical sciencesNucleophileComputational chemistryReactivity (chemistry)Density functional theoryLithium CationCrown etherDiels–Alder reactionThe Journal of organic chemistry
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Aziridination of Aromatic Aldimines Through Stabilized Ammonium Ylides: A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study

2019

chemistry.chemical_classificationAldiminechemistry.chemical_compoundElectron densitychemistryOrganic ChemistryAmmoniumStereoselectivityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhotochemistryElectron localization functionEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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A Study of the Effects of the Lewis Acid Catalysts on Oxa‐Diels‐Alder Reactions through Molecular Electron Density Theory

2020

chemistry.chemical_classificationElectron densityChemistryPolymer chemistryDiels alderNon-covalent interactionsGeneral ChemistryLewis acids and basesElectron localization functionCatalysisLewis acid catalysisChemistrySelect
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Studies of Nature of Uncommon Bifurcated I–I···(I–M) Metal-Involving Noncovalent Interaction in Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Isocyanide Cocrystals

2021

Two isostructural trans-[MI2(CNXyl)2]·I2 (M = Pd or Pt; CNXyl = 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide) metallopolymeric cocrystals containing uncommon bifurcated iodine···(metal–iodide) contact were obtained. In addition to classical halogen bonding, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a rare type of metal-involved stabilizing contact in both cocrystals. The nature of the noncovalent contact was studied computationally (via DFT, electrostatic surface potential, electron localization function, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, and noncovalent interactions plot methods). Studies confirmed that the I···I halogen bond is the strongest noncovalent interaction in the systems, followed …

chemistry.chemical_classificationplatinaHalogen bondhalogeenit010405 organic chemistryChemistryIsocyanideAtoms in moleculeskompleksiyhdisteet010402 general chemistrypalladium01 natural sciencesCocrystalElectron localization function0104 chemical sciencesInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographykemialliset sidoksetNucleophileNon-covalent interactionsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIsostructuralmetallit
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