Search results for "electron"

showing 10 items of 24810 documents

Alleviating Class Imbalance Problem in Automatic Sleep Stage Classification

2022

For real-world automatic sleep-stage classification tasks, various existing deep learning-based models are biased toward the majority with a high proportion. Because of the unique sleep structure, most of the current polysomnography (PSG) datasets suffer an inherent class imbalance problem (CIP), in which the number of each sleep stage is severely unequal. In this study, we first define the class imbalance factor (CIF) to describe the level of CIP quantitatively. Afterward, we propose two balancing methods to alleviate this problem from the dataset quantity and the relationship between the class distribution and the applied model, respectively. The first one is to employ the data augmentati…

sleep-stage classificationunitutkimusdeep neural networksignaalianalyysisyväoppiminenneuroverkotdata augmentation (DA)uni (lepotila)koneoppiminenClass imbalance problem (CIP)network connectionEEGElectrical and Electronic Engineeringgenerative adversarial network (GAN)InstrumentationIEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
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A fluorescence study of the loading and time stability of doxorubicin in sodium cholate/PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer mixed micelles

2019

Abstract Hypothesis Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DX) is one of the most powerful anticancer agents though its clinical use is impaired by severe undesired side effects. DX encapsulation in nanocarrier systems has been introduced as a mean to reduce its toxicity. Micelles of the nonionic triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) (PEO-PPO-PEO), are very promising carrier systems. The positive charge of DX confines the drug to the hydrophilic corona region of the micelles. The use of mixed micelles of PEO-PPO-PEO copolymers and a negatively charged bile salt should favour the solubilization of DX in the apolar core region of the micelles. Experiments We st…

small angle X-raymacromolecular substances02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMicelledoxorubicinFluorescence spectroscopyfluorescence; doxorubicin; pluronics bile salts; dynamic light scattering; small angle X-ray; scattering drug-deliveryPolyethylene GlycolsBiomaterialsColloid and Surface ChemistryDynamic light scatteringX-Ray DiffractionScattering Small AngleCopolymerMicellesDrug CarriersAqueous solutionAntibiotics AntineoplasticSmall-angle X-ray scatteringChemistrytechnology industry and agricultureWaterdynamic light scatteringPoloxamer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySodium Cholate0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialspluronics bile saltsSpectrometry FluorescenceChemical engineeringSolubilityPropylene Glycolsscattering drug-deliveryfluorescenceNanocarriers0210 nano-technology
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Electronic polarizability of small metal spheres

1985

We present the results of calculations for the ground-state electron structure, static polarizability, and dynamic response of small metal (jellium) spheres in vacuum or embedded in a dielectric. Fully self-consistent time-dependent density-functional methods are used. In particular, the static and dynamic responses to an incident electric field (dipolar polarizability and photoabsorption) are obtained. The results show substantial deviations from either classical or approximate quantum-mechanical solutions, and provide reference data for simplified treatments. Peer reviewed

small metalsMetalMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsPolarizabilityPhysicsvisual_artelectron structurevisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersSPHERES
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A Telemetry, Tracking, and Command Antennas System for Small-Satellite Applications

2019

Circularly polarized (CP) antennas are used in space applications for telemetry tracking and command (TT&amp

small satellitesComputer Networks and CommunicationsFrequency bandTT&amplcsh:TK7800-836002 engineering and technologyTracking (particle physics)circular patchOpticsCircular patch; Circular polarization; Small satellites; TT&CComputer Science::Systems and ControlCTelemetryTelecommunications link0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCircular polarizationComputer Science::Information TheoryPatch antennaPhysicsbusiness.industryAxial ratio020208 electrical & electronic engineeringlcsh:ElectronicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics020206 networking & telecommunicationsHardware and ArchitectureControl and Systems EngineeringPhysics::Space PhysicsSignal Processingcircular polarizationAntenna (radio)businessSmall satelliteElectronics
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On the use of composite indicators for mobile communications network management in smart sustainable cities

2020

Beyond 5G networks will be fundamental towards enabling sustainable mobile communication networks. One of the most challenging scenarios will be met in ultra-dense networks that are deployed in densely populated areas. In this particular case, mobile network operators should benefit from new assessment metrics and data science tools to ensure an effective management of their networks. In fact, incorporating architectures allowing a cognitive network management framework could simplify processes and enhance the network&rsquo

smart citiesComputer scienceDistributed computing02 engineering and technologylcsh:Technologylcsh:Chemistrycognitive management0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringDesenvolupament sostenibleGeneral Materials ScienceUMTSInstrumentationlcsh:QH301-705.5Comunicació i tecnologiaFluid Flow and Transfer Processesbusiness.industrylcsh:TProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Engineering020206 networking & telecommunicationsCognitive networksustainable development goalslcsh:QC1-999Computer Science ApplicationsLTENetwork managementlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040HSPACellular network020201 artificial intelligence & image processingMobile telephonyMetric (unit)Performance indicatorbusinesslcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)composite indicators5GUMTS frequency bandslcsh:Physics
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Characterization of IP-Based Communication for Smart Grid Using Software-Defined Networking

2018

The smart grid (SG) approach is based on a strong interaction between the network communication infrastructure and the power grid. Usually the management of the infrastructure is done by the distribution system operators (DSOs) that are worried about the increasing managing complexity due to the presence of increasing number of distributed energy resources and electrical vehicles. The use of software-defined networking (SDN) may simplify the network configuration and management for DSO, as highlighted from previous research works. The objective of this paper is to introduce and characterize an internet protocol (IP)-based communication architecture with specialized SDN bridges operating als…

smart grid (SG).IEC 61850Computer science020209 energyThroughput02 engineering and technologyRound-trip delay timelaw.inventionPacket losslawInternet Protocol0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationbusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringDistribution grid automationsoftware-defined networking (SDN)Power-line communicationSmart gridDistributed generationbusinessSoftware-defined networkingnarrowband power line communication (NB-PLC)Settore ING-INF/07 - Misure Elettriche E Elettronicheperformance characterizationComputer network
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PQ and Harmonic Assessment Issues on Low-Cost Smart Metering Platforms: A Case Study

2020

This paper presents a feasibility study on how to implement power quality (PQ) metrics in a low-cost smart metering platform. The study is aimed at verifying the possibility of implementing PQ monitoring in distribution networks without replacing existing smart metering devices or adding new modules for PQ measurements, thus zeroing the installation costs. To this aim, an electronic board, currently used for remote energy metering, was chosen as a case study, specifically the STCOMET platform. Starting from the specifications of this device, the possibility of implementing power quality metrics is investigated in order to verify if compliance with standard requirements for PQ instruments ca…

smart meterSmart meterComputer science020209 energy02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistry0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringlcsh:TP1-1185Metering modeElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationvoltage and current sensing020208 electrical & electronic engineeringpower qualityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCurrent transformerReliability engineeringTransducerEnergy meteringharmonic analysisHarmonicPower qualitySettore ING-INF/07 - Misure Elettriche E ElettronicheLow voltageVoltageSensors
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Enhancing the Iterative Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method

2021

Motivated by recent research on the iterative approach proposed for the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method, some ideas to improve the process are introduced. The standard procedure is enhanced iterating on the residuals preserving the matrix-free nature of the process. The method is appealing providing reasonable results with disordered data distribution too and no kernel variations are needed in the approximation. This work moves forward with a novel formulation requiring a lower number of iterations to reach a desired accuracy. The computational procedure is described and some results are introduced to appreciate the proposed formulation.

smoothed particle hydrodynamics02 engineering and technologylcsh:Technology01 natural scienceslcsh:ChemistrySmoothed-particle hydrodynamicsSettore MAT/08 - Analisi Numerica0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Materials Science0101 mathematicslcsh:QH301-705.5InstrumentationFluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesPhysicslcsh:TProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Engineering020206 networking & telecommunicationsMechanicslcsh:QC1-999Computer Science Applications010101 applied mathematicskernel methodresidualslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:PhysicsKernel method Residuals Smoothed particle hydrodynamicsApplied Sciences
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Multispectral filter arrays: Recent advances and practical implementation

2014

Thanks to some technical progress in interferencefilter design based on different technologies, we can finally successfully implement the concept of multispectral filter array-based sensors. This article provides the relevant state-of-the-art for multispectral imaging systems and presents the characteristics of the elements of our multispectral sensor as a case study. The spectral characteristics are based on two different spatial arrangements that distribute eight different bandpass filters in the visible and near-infrared area of the spectrum. We demonstrate that the system is viable and evaluate its performance through sensor spectral simulation. Multispectral filter arrays: Recent advan…

snapshotmultispectral imaging[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingComputer scienceMultispectral imageComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technologycomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistry010309 opticsBand-pass filter[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing0103 physical sciencesElectronic engineeringlcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationsnapshot multispectral imaging021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssingle solid state sensorspatio-spectral scene samplingComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONFilter (video)multispectral and color filter arraysData mining0210 nano-technologycomputer
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Refining the preconditions of a social licence to operate (SLO) : reflections on citizens’ attitudes towards mining in two Finnish regions

2016

The debate around the social licence to operate (SLO) has been lively in recent years. In its elementary forms, the SLO is interpreted as the social acceptance granted by a community to mineral exploration and mining activities. Our theoretical assumption is that the SLO as a concept is both case-specific and more general, contingent, among other things, upon public opinion. In this study, acceptance is considered as general and anticipatory in the sense that it can act as a precondition for individual SLOs. Our intention is to contribute especially to recent novel research focusing on the more general background and factors contributing to the SLO. Using survey data (N = 1064), we explore …

social acceptancebusiness.industry020209 energyGeography Planning and Development02 engineering and technologyyleinen mielipide010501 environmental sciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and LawDevelopmentPublic relationsminingPublic opinionSocial acceptance01 natural sciencessocial licence to operatesocietal prerequisitesPolitical scienceta5141public opinion0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSurvey data collectionEconomic Geologybusiness0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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