Search results for "electronics"

showing 10 items of 4340 documents

Scanning Tunneling Spectroscope Use in Electrocatalysis Testing

2010

Published version of an article from the journal: Materials (1996-1944). Also available from publisher: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma3063675 The relationship between the electrocatalytic properties of an electrode and its ability to transfer electrons between the electrode and a metallic tip in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is investigated. The alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was used as a test reaction with four different metallic glasses, Ni78Si8B14, Ni70Mo20Si5B5, Ni58Co20Si10B12, and Ni25Co50Si15B10, as electrodes. The electrocatalytic properties of the electrodes were determined. The electrode surfaces were then investigated with an STM. A clear relationship between the…

metallic glasses of Ni alloysAnalytical chemistryElectrochemistryElectrocatalystlcsh:TechnologyArticleCatalysislaw.inventionlawscanning tunneling microscopeGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:MicroscopyQuantum tunnellinglcsh:QC120-168.85lcsh:QH201-278.5Chemistrylcsh:TVDP::Technology: 500::Chemical engineering: 560Oxygen evolutionElectrochemical scanning tunneling microscopeChemical engineeringoxygen evolution reactionlcsh:TA1-2040Electrodelcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringScanning tunneling microscopelcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)scanning tunneling microscope; oxygen evolution reaction; metallic glasses of Ni alloyslcsh:TK1-9971
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From 1D coordination polymers to Metal Organic Frameworks by the use of 2-pyridyl oximes.

2020

The synthesis and characterization of coordination polymers and metal&ndash

metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)MagnetismPolymersdetectioncarboxylatesmixed-ligand02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslcsh:TechnologyArticleMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundPolymer chemistryGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:Microscopylcsh:QC120-168.85chemistry.chemical_classificationMagnetismeFerric oxidelcsh:QH201-278.5Ligandlcsh:TMagnetismPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyOximeMagnetic susceptibility0104 chemical sciencesPolímerscoordination polymerschemistrylcsh:TA1-2040magnetismvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumencapsulationMetal-organic frameworklcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringÒxid de ferropyridyl oximes0210 nano-technologySelectivitylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:TK1-9971iron(III)
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Single Event Transients and Pulse Quenching Effects in Bandgap Reference Topologies for Space Applications

2016

An architectural performance comparison of bandgap voltage reference variants, designed in a $0.18~\mu \text {m}$ CMOS process, is performed with respect to single event transients. These are commonly induced in microelectronics in the space radiation environment. Heavy ion tests (Silicon, Krypton, Xenon) are used to explore the analog single-event transients and have revealed pulse quenching mechanisms in analogue circuits. The different topologies are compared, in terms of cross-section, pulse duration and pulse amplitude. The measured results, and the explanations behind the findings, reveal important guidelines for designing analog integrated circuits, which are intended for space appli…

mikroelektroniikkaNuclear and High Energy PhysicsBandgap voltage referencecircuit topologysingle-event transient (SET)Integrated circuit01 natural scienceslaw.inventionsingle event transientsCurrent mirrorlawpulse quenchingsingle-event effects (SEE)ionizationradiation hardening by design (RHBD)0103 physical sciencesElectronic engineeringMicroelectronicsAnalog single-event transient (ASET); bandgap voltage reference (BGR); charge sharing; CMOS analog integrated circuits; heavy ion; ionization; parasitic bipolar effect; pulse quenching; radiation effects; radiation hardening by design (RHBD); reference circuits; single-event effects (SEE); single-event transient (SET); space electronics; Voltage reference; Nuclear and High Energy Physics; Nuclear Energy and Engineering; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringAnalog single-event transient (ASET)Electrical and Electronic Engineeringparasitic bipolar effectreference voltage010302 applied physicsPhysicsbandgap voltage reference (BGR)charge sharingta114ta213010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryanalog integrated circuitsTransistorspace electronicsPulse durationheavy ionPulse (physics)Voltage referenceNuclear Energy and EngineeringPulse-amplitude modulationreference circuitsmicroelectronicsradiation effectsspace applicationsOptoelectronicsbusinessCMOS analog integrated circuitsIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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A Velocity Estimation Technique for a Monocular Camera Using mmWave FMCW Radars

2021

Perception in terms of object detection, classification, and dynamic estimation (position and velocity) are fundamental functionalities that autonomous agents (unmanned ground vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, or robots) have to navigate safely and autonomously. To date, various sensors have been used individually or in combination to achieve this goal. In this paper, we present a novel method for leveraging millimeter wave radar’s (mmW radar’s) ability to accurately measure position and velocity in order to improve and optimize velocity estimation using a monocular camera (using optical flow) and machine learning techniques. The proposed method eliminates ambiguity in optical flow veloci…

mmWave radarTK7800-8360Computer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceOptical flowComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONlaw.inventionoptical flowData acquisitionautonomous systemslawComputer visionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringRadarvelocity estimationbusiness.industryFrame (networking)Object (computer science)Object detectionVDP::Teknologi: 500Hardware and ArchitectureControl and Systems EngineeringSignal ProcessingExtremely high frequencyRobotArtificial intelligenceElectronicsbusinessmonocular cameraElectronics
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Localization of Multi-Class On-Road and Aerial Targets Using mmWave FMCW Radar

2021

mmWave radars play a vital role in autonomous systems, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), ground station control and monitoring systems. The challenging task when using mmWave radars is to estimate the accurate angle of arrival (AoA) of the targets, due to the limited number of receivers. In this paper, we present a novel AoA estimation technique, using mmWave FMCW radars operating in the frequency range 77–81 GHz by utilizing the mechanical rotation. Rotating the radar also increases the field of view in both azimuth and elevation. The proposed method estimates the AoA of the targets, using only a single transmitter and receiver. The measurements are…

mmWave radarTK7800-8360Computer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceangle of arrival (AoA)Field of viewFMCW radarlocalizationlaw.inventionlawAngle of arrivalmulti-class targetsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringRadarVDP::Teknologi: 500::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi: 550Remote sensingTransmitterElevationmmWave radar; FMCW radar; localization; multi-class targets; angle of arrival (AoA); azimuth angle; elevation angle; range-angle maps; morphological operators; unmanned aerial vehicle localization; UAV localizationazimuth angleDroneAzimuthContinuous-wave radarHardware and ArchitectureControl and Systems EngineeringSignal ProcessingElectronicsElectronics; Volume 10; Issue 23; Pages: 2905
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Classification of Targets Using Statistical Features from Range FFT of mmWave FMCW Radars

2021

Radars with mmWave frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) technology accurately estimate the range and velocity of targets in their field of view (FoV). The targeted angle of arrival (AoA) estimation can be improved by increasing receiving antennas or by using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). However, obtaining target features such as target type remains challenging. In this paper, we present a novel target classification method based on machine learning and features extracted from a range fast Fourier transform (FFT) profile by using mmWave FMCW radars operating in the frequency range of 77–81 GHz. The measurements are carried out in a variety of realistic situations, including p…

mmWave radarrange FFT featuresTK7800-8360Computer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceVDP::Technology: 500Fast Fourier transformReal-time computingtargets classificationFMCW radarSupport vector machineContinuous-wave radarStatistical classificationNaive Bayes classifiermachine learningautonomous systemsHardware and ArchitectureControl and Systems EngineeringFeature (computer vision)Angle of arrivalSignal Processingground station radarGradient boostingElectrical and Electronic EngineeringElectronics
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An EEMD Aided Comparison of Time Histories and Its Application in Vehicle Safety

2017

In the context of signal processing, the comparison of time histories is required for different purposes, especially for the model validation of vehicle safety. Most of the existing metrics focus on the mathematical value only. Therefore, they suffer the measuring errors, disturbance, and uncertainties and can hardly achieve a stable result with a clear physical interpretation. This paper proposes a novel scheme of time histories comparison to be used in vehicle safety analysis. More specifically, each signal for comparison is decomposed into a trend signal and several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by ensemble empirical mode decomposition. The trend signals reflect the general variation a…

model validationDynamic time warpingGeneral Computer ScienceComputer science02 engineering and technologyHilbert–Huang transformEngineering (all)0203 mechanical engineeringVehicle safety0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringIn vehicledynamic time warping (DTW)General Materials Sciencevehicle crashSimulationSignal processingdynamic time warping (DTW); Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD); model validation; Time-history; vehicle crash; Computer Science (all); Materials Science (all); Engineering (all)Computer Science (all)General Engineering020302 automobile design & engineeringEnsemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD)Measurement uncertainty020201 artificial intelligence & image processingMaterials Science (all)lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringlcsh:TK1-9971AlgorithmTime-historyShape analysis (digital geometry)Motor vehicle crash
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On-Surface Reactions

2015

On-surface synthesis constitutes a rapidly growing field of research due to its promising application for creating stable molecular structures on surfaces. While self-assembled structures rely on reversible interactions, on-surface synthesis provides the potential for creating long-term stable structures with well-controlled properties, for example superior electron transport for future molecular electronic devices. On-surface synthesis holds the promise for preparing insoluble compounds that cannot be produced in solution. Another highly exciting aspect of on-surface synthesis is the chance to discover new reaction pathways due to the two-dimensional confinement of the reaction educts. In …

molecular electronicsChemistryMolecular electronicsNanotechnologySurface reaction530Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticstwo-dimensional confinementmolecular structure formationmicroscopyElectronicsscanning probePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryultrahigh vacuumHigh potentialChemPhysChem
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Enhancing Light Emission in Interface Engineered Spin-OLEDs through Spin-Polarized Injection at High Voltages

2019

The quest for a spin-polarized organic light-emitting diode (spin-OLED) is a common goal in the emerging fields of molecular electronics and spintronics. In this device, two ferromagnetic (FM) electrodes are used to enhance the electroluminescence intensity of the OLED through a magnetic control of the spin polarization of the injected carriers. The major difficulty is that the driving voltage of an OLED device exceeds a few volts, while spin injection in organic materials is only efficient at low voltages. The fabrication of a spin-OLED that uses a conjugated polymer as bipolar spin collector layer and ferromagnetic electrodes is reported here. Through a careful engineering of the organic/…

molecular spintronicsMaterials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsspin-OLED02 engineering and technologyElectroluminescence010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesmultifunctional spintronic devicesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOLEDGeneral Materials ScienceSpin (physics)MaterialsDiodeSpintronicsSpin polarizationbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringMolecular electronics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyspin-injection0104 chemical sciencesInnovacions tecnològiquesMechanics of MaterialsOptoelectronicsLight emissionCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologybusinessAdvanced Materials
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Calibration of the underground muon detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

2021

To obtain direct measurements of the muon content of extensive air showers with energy above $10^{16.5}$ eV, the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently being equipped with an underground muon detector (UMD), consisting of 219 10 $\mathrm{m^2}$-modules, each segmented into 64 scintillators coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Direct access to the shower muon content allows for the study of both of the composition of primary cosmic rays and of high-energy hadronic interactions in the forward direction. As the muon density can vary between tens of muons per m$^2$ close to the intersection of the shower axis with the ground to much less than one per m$^2$ when far away, the necessary bro…

muon: showersdata acquisitionPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstronomyDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams)primary [cosmic radiation]Particle detectors7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesEtc)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicinecalibration [detector]ObservatoryAPDsdetector: calibrationatmosphere [muon]InstrumentationPhoton detectors for UVshowers [muon]Mathematical PhysicsPhoton detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDsSi-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc)Particle-beams)Physicsenergy: highdetector [muon]EBCCDsPhysicselectronicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhoton detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDs Si-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSourcesSi-PMTsdetector: alignmentAugermuon: atmosphereobservatorydensity [muon]G-APDshigh [energy]Particle detectorAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsatmosphere [showers]Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sourcesparticle-beams)FOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayScintillatorParticle detectorVisible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes03 medical and health sciencesOpticsSilicon photomultipliermuon: density0103 physical sciencesCalibrationddc:530photomultiplier: silicon[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]ddc:610High Energy PhysicsCMOS imagersInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)scintillation counterParticle detectors; Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams); Photon detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDs Si-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc); Performance of High Energy Physics DetectorsPierre Auger ObservatoryMuonshowers: atmosphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrymuon: detectorCCDscosmic radiation: primaryDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasersEMCCDsanalog-to-digital converterAPDs; CCDs; CMOS imagers; Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers; EBCCDs; EMCCDs; Etc); G-APDs; Particle detectors; Particle-beams); Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors; Photon detectors for UV; Si-PMTs; Sources; Visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodesExperimental High Energy Physicssilicon [photomultiplier]Performance of High Energy Physics DetectorsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentphoton: detectorbusinessalignment [detector]RAIOS CÓSMICOSdetector [photon]astro-ph.IM
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