Search results for "elites"
showing 9 items of 39 documents
Non-elected Political Elites in the EU
2017
With globalization and Europeanization, profound changes have taken place in the composition and structure of elites. Once solidly tied to the nation state, elites have, following processes of differentiation and specialization, become more transnational than ever before. Their development has been conditioned by the evolving relationship between international, transnational, and national powers. In the European context, key institutional players today include the European Commission, the European Ombudsman and the European Court of Justice as aspiring representatives of the general European interest and the Council of Ministers and member states as representing national interests in the EU…
Estudio de la variabilidad genética de repoblaciones de Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp. in Bol. en Andalucìa
2005
An adequate management of the reproductive material for reforestation activities is fundamental in the conservation of forest genetic resources. In the present work the levels of genetic diversity and differentiation between artificial stands of Quercus ilex and the adjacent natural stands are assessed with nuclear microsatellites. Also, it was possible to analyse the natural population used as seed source for one of the reforestations studied. The levels of genetic differentiation between natural and artificial stands and the decrease of genetic diversity from the seed origin population to the reforestation are discussed in relation to the transference of seed among provenance regions and …
Elites de poder, gobierno municipal y Guerra de Sucesión: el concejo de Vigo en el primer cuarto del siglo XVIII
2020
Mental toughness in elite and sub-elite female soccer players
2017
Mental toughness (MT) is seen as an important psychological factor in the athletic success of elite athletes. Research on the subject has usually concerned male athletes. Our purpose was to investigate whether there are differences in mental toughness between female players who compete in an elite league and those who play at lower levels. In total, 298 female soccer players (M = 20.7 years, SD = 3.7 years) from three levels of Norwegian soccer responded to the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire. The MT Constancy subscale was removed from analysis due to an unacceptable Cronbach alpha (0.57). The results revealed that elite league players had significantly higher MT Global scores than th…
Pohjoissaamen tutkintoon osallistujien kielenkäyttötarpeet ja saamen kielen merkitys arjessa
2017
Pohjoissaame on yksi Yleisten kielitutkintojen tutkintokielistä. Tutkinto on kuulunut testijärjestelmään vuodesta 1998, ja testin suorittaneita on vuosien aikana ollut 354 henkilöä. Tässä kirjoituksessa kuvailemmekin lyhyesti tutkintoa ja tutkintoihin osallistuneita erityisesti vuosien 2012–2017 välisenä aikana. Lisäksi tarkastelemme, mikä merkitys pohjoissaamen kielellä osallistujille on, miten he käyttävät kieltä ja millaiseksi he itse arvioivat oman kielitaitonsa. nonPeerReviewed
The Decline of Political Party Elite
2019
In this article, the author presents a claim that, in parallel to the end of mass parties, it is possible to observe the progressing decline of elites within political parties. This phenomenon manifests itself on the following three levels: 1) a theoretical level—less and less attention is paid to elites in the theory of political parties as their place is being taken over by other approaches, in particular leadership theory; 2) a terminological level—the notion of elites is being removed from analyses devoted to political parties and supplanted by other terms such us “leaders.” They are sometimes considered as the synonyms of the word “elite”; 3) a factual level—there are strong reasons to…
The role of collective action for the emergence and consolidation of democracy
2020
AbstractThe role of citizens' collective action for the emergence and consolidation of democracy is generally analysed within bottom-up theories. However, top-down theories show that elites might impede or promote both democracy and collective action through a set of strategies which are often unobserved and vary over time. Democratic persistence and change require then to be assessed in a dynamic framework which considers both citizens and elites' strategies. For such reason, on a large sample of countries in the period 1971–2014, we jointly estimate the probability of collective action and democracy using a Structural Dynamic Model. This allows us to account for the dynamic nature of the …
Cristianismo, revolución y renovación en Chile. El movimiento de acción popular unitaria (MAPU) 1969-1989
2011
El Movimiento de Acción Popular Unitaria (MAPU) fue un pequeño, pero influyente partido de la política chilena entre 1969 y 1989, nacido de la escisión de parlamentarios “comunitaristas” y los jóvenes “rebeldes” de la Democracia Cristiana. El nuevo partido fue protagonista de los dos principales procesos históricos de la izquierda a fines del siglo XX: a.- la creación de la Unidad Popular que llevó a Salvador Allende al poder en 1970, el que fracasó en medio del complot a dicho gobierno y las fuertes divisiones de la izquierda entre revolucionarios y reformistas, que llevó al propio MAPU a su escisión previa al golpe de estado en 1973 (nace el MAPU-Obrero Campesino, moderado), b.- el proces…
Filipinas en el marco del imperio español en el siglo XIX
2019
[EN] En este artículo se analiza la evolución de Filipinas en las últimas décadas del siglo XVIII y en el transcurso del siglo XIX a través de diferentes epígrafes: la obligada transformación del secular modelo colonial volcado hacia el tráfico del Galeón y las relaciones transpacíficas; la renovada inclinación hacia Asia, el océano Índico y el mar de China; el desarrollo de un sistema económico basado en la exportación de productos filipinos y en la apertura de las islas al exterior; la evolución de la vida política; el camino hacia la modernización; el peso de las órdenes religiosas, la importancia de la población china y la colaboración con élites indígenas como rasgos singulares de Fili…