Search results for "eläintiede"
showing 9 items of 9 documents
Visible implant elastomer (VIE) success in early larval stages of a tropical amphibian species
2020
AbstractAnimals are often difficult to distinguish at an individual level, but being able to identify individuals can be crucial in ecological or behavioral studies. In response to this challenge, biologists have developed a range of marking (tattoos, brands, toe-clips) and tagging (PIT, VIA, VIE) methods to identify individuals and cohorts. Animals with complex life cycles are notoriously hard to mark because of the distortion or loss of the tag across metamorphosis. In frogs, few studies have attempted larval tagging and none have been conducted on a tropical species. Here, we present the first successful account of VIE tagging in early larval stages (Gosner stage 25) of the dyeing poison…
Fauna Europaea: Helminths (Animal Parasitic)
2014
The Laotian Rock Rat Laonastes aenigmamus Jenkins, Kilpatrick, Robinson & Timmins, 2005 was originally discovered in Lao People's Democratic Republic in 2005. This species has been recognized as the sole surviving member of the otherwise extinct rodent family Diatomyidae. Laonastes aenigmamus was initially reported only in limestone forests of Khammouane Province, Central Lao. A second population was recently discovered in Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park (PNKB NP), Quang Binh Province, Central Vietnam in 2011. The confirmed distribution range of L. aenigmamus in Vietnam is very small, approximately 150 km , covering low karst mountains in five communes of Minh Hoa District, Quang Binh Provi…
Mielihyvää yli lajirajojen
2015
Whole-genome analysis reveals contrasting relationships among nuclear and mitochondrial genomes between three sympatric bat species
2023
Understanding mechanisms involved in speciation can be challenging, especially when hybridization or introgression blurs species boundaries. In bats resolving relationships of some closely related groups has proven difficult due subtle interspecific variation both in morphometrics and molecular datasets. The endemic South American Histiotus bats, currently considered a sub-genus of Eptesicus, harbor unresolved phylogenetic relationships and of those is a trio consisting of two closely related species: Eptesicus (Histiotus) macrotus and E. (H.) montanus, and their relationship with a third, E. (H.) magellanicus. The three sympatric species bear marked resemblance to each other, but can be di…
Thinhorn sheep evolution and behaviour
2006
Miksi kaikki ohutsarvilampaat Kanadan Yukonjoen itäpuolella ovat tummia, mutta joen toisella puolella valkoisia? Minkä vuoksi tummissa populaatioissa lampaiden väri vaihtelee niin paljon? Näitä kysymyksiä John Loehr valotti väitöskirjassaan.Ohutsarvilammas on pohjoisamerikkalainen villilammaslaji, joka elää Alaskan ja Pohjois-Kanadan vuoristoissa. Laji on mielenkiintoinen värivaihtelunsa takia. Suurin osa populaatioista on täysin valkoisia, mutta kolmesta vuoristosta löytyy harmaita ja mustia lampaita. Näissä vuoristoissa lammasyksilöiden tummuusaste vaihtelee niin paljon, että Loehr pystyi tunnistamaan yksilöitä värikuvioiden avulla. Loehr tutki myös ihmisten mahdollista vaikutusta ohutsar…
Spatial variation in the evolutionary potential and constraints of basal metabolic rate and body mass in a wild bird
2023
An organism's energy budget is strongly related to resource consumption, performance, and fitness. Hence, understanding the evolution of key energetic traits, such as basal metabolic rate (BMR), in natural populations is central for understanding life-history evolution and ecological processes. Here we used quantitative genetic analyses to study evolutionary potential of BMR in two insular populations of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). We obtained measurements of BMR and body mass (Mb) from 911 house sparrows on the islands of Leka and Vega along the coast of Norway. These two populations were the source populations for translocations to create an additional third, admixed ‘common ga…
The evolution and ecology of multiple antipredator defences
2023
Prey seldom rely on a single type of antipredator defence, often using multiple defences to avoid predation. In many cases, selection in different contexts may favour the evolution of multiple defences in a prey. However, a prey may use multiple defences to protect itself during a single predator encounter. Such “defence portfolios” that defend prey against a single instance of predation are distributed across and within successive stages of the predation sequence (encounter, detection, identification, approach (attack), subjugation and consumption). We contend that at present, our understanding of defence portfolio evolution is incomplete, and seen from the fragmentary perspective of speci…
Not just the sum of its parts : Geographic variation and nonadditive effects of pyrazines in the chemical defence of an aposematic moth
2022
Chemical defences often vary within and between populations both in quantity and quality, which is puzzling if prey survival is dependent on the strength of the defence. We investigated the within- and between-population variability in chemical defence of the wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis). The major components of its defences, SBMP (2-sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine) and IBMP (2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine), are volatiles that deter bird attacks. We hypothesized that (1) variation in the chemical defences of male wood tiger moths reflects the local predation pressure; (2) observed differences in quantity and quality of defence among populations have a genetic basis; and (3) increasing con…
Susien paikat : ihminen ja susi 1900-luvun Suomessa
2020
Viime vuosisadan aikana susien esiintymisessä ja asemassa tapahtui suuria muutoksia. Syntyi monenlaisia käsityksiä susien käyttäytymisestä ja sijoittumisesta. Tässä kirjassa paneudutaan susien paikkoihin 1900-luvun Suomessa. Paikoilla tarkoitetaan sekä susiyksilöiden fyysistä sijaintia että sijaintiin liittyviä mielikuvia. Lähdesmäen tutkimus antaa uutta tietoa susien liikkumisesta maassamme ja sen rajojen yli. Se kertoo susien suhteesta ihmisen ja saaliseläinten elinpiireihin. Teos avaa ja purkaa käsityksiä, jotka liittyvät suden sijoittumiseen, maata halkovaan susirajaan, suteen erämaalajina sekä häirikkösusiin. Monet tarkastelluista mielikuvista syntyivät vasta 1900-luvulla. Ne vaikuttiv…