Search results for "emission"

showing 10 items of 2441 documents

Time Course of 5-HT2A Receptor Occupancy in the Human Brain after a Single Oral Dose of the Putative Antipsychotic Drug MDL 100,907 Measured by Posit…

1997

MDL 100,907 is a potent and selective antagonist of 5-HT2A serotonin receptors. Animals studies suggest that MDL 100,907 may behave as an atypical antipsychotic drug. Positron emission tomograph (PET) using [11C]NMSP as the radiotracer was used to define the time course of 5-HT2 receptor occupancy in the human frontal cerebral cortex after a single oral dose of MDL 100,907 (10 or 20 mg) in nine healthy subjects. After the baseline scan each subject was studied three times post dosing at various time points. 5-HT2 occupancies were in the range of 70 and 90% after each dose. While the occupancy remains in this range over 24 hours after 20 mg MDL 100,907, it decreases by about 20% at 24 hours …

AdultMaleTime Factorsmedicine.drug_classAtypical antipsychoticPharmacologyPiperidinesOral administrationmedicineHumansReceptor Serotonin 5-HT2ACarbon RadioisotopesPositron emissionDosing5-HT receptorPharmacologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industry5-HT2 receptorBrainHuman brainFluorobenzenesPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureSpiperonePositron emission tomographyReceptors SerotoninFemaleSerotonin AntagonistsbusinessAntipsychotic AgentsTomography Emission-ComputedNeuropsychopharmacology
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Stone-Free Rate after Treating Kidney Stones Exceeding 10 mm via Flexible Ureteroscopy: Can Endoscopic Assessment Replace Low-Dose Computed Tomograph…

2019

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> It is unclear whether endoscopic assessment of the stone-free rate after flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) is as effective as assessment with low-dose computed tomography (CT) scan. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Prospective documentation of patients with kidney stones > 10 mm diameter from 2 different centers (Freiburg, Regensburg), who underwent fURS and were declared to be endoscopically completely stone-free. Low-dose CT control performed 4–8 weeks postoperatively. <b><i>Results/Conclusion:</i></b> Thirty-eight patients were treated between October 2015 and August 2016 (12 F, 26 M). Average a…

AdultMaleUrologyStone freemedicine.medical_treatment030232 urology & nephrologyComputed tomographyFlexible ureteroscopyLithotripsyRadiation Dosage03 medical and health sciencesKidney CalculiYoung Adult0302 clinical medicinemedicineUreteroscopyHumansUreteroscopyProspective StudiesAged2. Zero hungerAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLow doseRemission InductionEquipment DesignMiddle Agedmedicine.disease3. Good healthTreatment Outcome030220 oncology & carcinogenesisUreteroscopesKidney stonesFemaleStone removalbusinessNuclear medicineTomography X-Ray ComputedUrologia internationalis
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Metabolic and structural connectivity within the default mode network relates to working memory performance in young healthy adults.

2012

Abstract Studies of functional connectivity suggest that the default mode network (DMN) might be relevant for cognitive functions. Here, we examined metabolic and structural connectivity between major DMN nodes, the posterior cingulate (PCC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), in relation to normal working memory (WM). DMN was captured using independent component analysis of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) data from 35 young healthy adults (27.1 ± 5.1 years). Metabolic connectivity, a correlation between FDG uptake in PCC and MPFC, was examined in groups of subjects with (relative to median) low (n = 18) and high (n = 17) performance on digit span backward te…

AdultMaleWorking memoryCognitive NeuroscienceBrainCognitionHealthy VolunteersCorrelationMemory Short-TermNeurologyFluorodeoxyglucose F18Posterior cingulatePositron-Emission TomographyMemory spanConnectomeHumansFemaleNerve NetRadiopharmaceuticalsPrefrontal cortexPsychologyNeuroscienceDefault mode networkDiffusion MRISignal TransductionNeuroImage
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Evidence of noncentrosymmetry of human tooth hydroxyapatite crystals

2014

Herein, we investigate human single hydroxyapatite crystals (enamel and dentine) by convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) and automated electron-diffraction tomography (ADT). The CBED pattern shows the absence of the mirror plane perpendicular to the c axis leading to the P63 space group instead of the P63 /m space group considered for larger-scale crystals, this is confirmed by ADT. This experimental evidence is of prime importance for understanding the morphogenesis and the architectural organization of calcified tissues.

AdultMaleatomic structuresCatalysisX-Ray DiffractionHuman toothmedicineHydroxidesHumansDental Enamelatomic structures; biomineralization; human tooth crystals; noncentrosymmetry; piezoelectricityEnamel paintpiezoelectricityChemistryOrganic ChemistrySpectrometry X-Ray EmissionGeneral Chemistrybiomineralizationnoncentrosymmetrystomatognathic diseasesCrystallographymedicine.anatomical_structureDurapatiteElectron diffractionvisual_artDentinvisual_art.visual_art_mediumNanoparticleshuman tooth crystalsFemaleMirror plane
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Extreme duration exercise affects old and younger men differently.

2022

Aim & Methods: Extreme endurance exercise provides a valuable research model for understanding the adaptive metabolic response of older and younger individuals to intense physical activity. Here, we compare a wide range of metabolic and physiologic parameters in two cohorts of seven trained men, age 30 ± 5 years or age 65 ± 6 years, before and after the participants travelled ≈3000 km by bicycle over 15 days. Results: Over the 15-day exercise intervention, participants lost 2–3 kg fat mass with no significant change in body weight. V̇O2max did not change in younger cyclists, but decreased (p = 0.06) in the older cohort. The resting plasma FFA concentration decreased markedly in both gro…

AdultMalecyclingPhysiologyRestendurance exerciseMASSINTRAMYOCELLULAR CERAMIDE ACCUMULATIONH2O2 EMISSIONenergy metabolismHumansCONTROLLED TOURMuscle SkeletalExerciseTriglyceridesAgedaerobic fitnessMORTALITYagingBody WeightENERGY-EXPENDITUREfat oxidationMiddle AgedINSULINPHYSICAL-ACTIVITYMAXIMAL FAT OXIDATIONPhysical EnduranceSKELETAL-MUSCLEmuscle biopsySettore M-EDF/01 - Metodi E Didattiche Delle Attivita' MotorieActa physiologica (Oxford, England)
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Role of Octreoscan and Correlation with MR Imaging in Graves' Ophthalmopathy

1995

Since the identification of somatostatin receptors on lymphocytes, orbital infiltration with mononuclear cells in Graves' ophthalmopathy has provided a rationale for receptor imaging with the radiolabeled somatostatin analog Octreotide. In 40 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy and 10 controls, 110 MBq indium-Octreotide were administered i.v., and scans were performed at 4 and 24 h after injection. An uptake ratio between the orbits and the brain was determined. In 20 ophthalmophathy patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the orbits was performed and the T2 relaxation time was measured within the rectus muscles. Compared to controls (4 h Octreotide uptake: median 6.0 counts/pixel/MB…

AdultMaleendocrine systemPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismOctreotidePeripheral blood mononuclear cellGraves' ophthalmopathyEndocrinologyInternal medicineHumansMedicineReceptors SomatostatinReceptorAgedTomography Emission-Computed Single-PhotonSomatostatin receptorbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingMr imagingGraves Diseaseeye diseasesEndocrinologyOculomotor MusclesIsotope LabelingFemalebusinessInfiltration (medical)Thyroid
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Evidence for modulation of opioidergic activity in central vestibular processing: A [(18)F] diprenorphine PET study.

2009

Animal and functional imaging studies had identified cortical structures such as the parieto‐insular vestibular cortex, the retro‐insular cortex, or the anterior cingulate cortex belonging to a vestibular cortical network. Basic animal studies revealed that endorphins might be important transmitters involved in cerebral vestibular processing. The aim of the present study was therefore to analyse whether the opioid system is involved in vestibular neurotransmission of humans or not. Changes in opioid receptor availability during caloric air stimulation of the right ear were studied with [(18)F] Fluoroethyl‐diprenorphine ([(18)F]FEDPN) PET scans in 10 right‐handed healthy volunteers and compa…

AdultMalemedicine.drug_classDiprenorphineBlood PressureInsular cortexDizzinessSynaptic TransmissionOpioid receptorCortex (anatomy)Physical Stimulationmedicineotorhinolaryngologic diseasesHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAnterior cingulate cortexResearch ArticlesVestibular systemOpioidergicRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyBrainVestibular cortexmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyPositron-Emission TomographyReceptors OpioidVertigoNeurology (clinical)sense organsVestibule LabyrinthAnatomyPsychologyDiprenorphineNeurosciencemedicine.drugHuman brain mapping
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Myocardial and peripheral vascular functional adaptation to exercise training.

2007

Exercise training seems to restore impaired vascular function in both peripheral and myocardial vessels in patients with coronary artery and peripheral vascular disease or in patients with risk factors for these diseases. However, the results on the effects of exercise training on vascular function in apparently healthy subjects are controversial. We studied the effects of long-term volitionally increased physical activity on peripheral and myocardial vascular function in nine young healthy male monozygotic twin pairs discordant for physical activity and fitness. The brothers were divided into more (MAG) and less active groups according to physical activity and fitness. The difference betwe…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialty030310 physiologyMonozygotic twinPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationVasodilationCoronary Disease030204 cardiovascular system & hematology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOxygen ConsumptionInternal medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineFinlandUltrasonographyPeripheral Vascular Diseases0303 health sciencesAnalysis of Variancebusiness.industryVascular diseaseBlood flowTwins Monozygoticmedicine.diseaseAdaptation PhysiologicalSurgeryPeripheralExercise TherapyCoronary arteriesmedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeCardiologyVascular ResistancebusinessPerfusionArteryTomography Emission-ComputedScandinavian journal of medicinescience in sports
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Adalimumab in steroid-dependent Crohn's disease patients: prognostic factors for clinical benefit.

2012

Background: Corticosteroids are effective in the treatment of Crohn's disease but some patients relapse during tapering or after discontinuation. We report data on efficacy and prognostic factors of response of adalimumab in steroid-dependent patients. Methods: In all, 110 steroid-dependent patients were treated with adalimumab (80/40 or 160/80 mg every other week followed by 40 mg every other week). Clinical remission was defined as steroid discontinuation without symptomatic recurrence and clinical response as the reduction or maintenance of the initial Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) value reducing steroid dosage but without its discontinuation at week 6 and at the end of follow-up…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedInflammatory bowel diseaseYoung AdultCrohn DiseaseInternal medicinemedicineAdalimumabSecondary PreventionImmunology and AllergyHumansProspective StudiesYoung adultProspective cohort studyGlucocorticoidsAgedUnivariate analysisCrohn's diseasebusiness.industryRemission InductionGastroenterologyAdalimumabMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisSurgeryDiscontinuationRegimenFemalebusinessmedicine.drugFollow-Up StudiesInflammatory bowel diseases
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Cochlear origin of early hearing loss in vestibular schwannoma.

2007

Objective: To test whether early hearing loss (HL) is cochlear in origin in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS). Study Design: Retrospective case review in an academic tertiary referral center. Methods: A group of 19 VS patients with normal/symmetrical hearing and a group of 20 VS patients with mild HL (threshold at any tested frequency better than 45 dB HL) on the tumor ear side. Differences of the amplitudes of the distortion products of otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) between the tumor ear and the nontumor ear were studied at frequencies of 1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, and 4 kHz. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the ears for both groups and to test for possible differences in tumor size betw…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentHearing lossHearing Loss SensorineuralOtoacoustic Emissions SpontaneousOtoacoustic emissionSchwannomaAudiologySeverity of Illness Indexotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineHumansIn patientProspective StudiesCochleaEar NeoplasmsRetrospective StudiesVestibular systemTumor sizebusiness.industryAuditory ThresholdNeuroma AcousticMiddle AgedVestibular nervemedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingCochleaOtorhinolaryngologyAudiometry Pure-ToneFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessThe Laryngoscope
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