Search results for "encephalitis"
showing 10 items of 90 documents
Rats bred for low intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity link obesity with brain inflammation and reduced structural plasticity of the hippocampus.
2021
Abstract BACKGROUND Increasing evidence shows obesity and poor metabolic health are associated with cognitive deficits, but the mechanistic connections have yet to be resolved. We studied rats selectively bred for low and high intrinsic aerobic capacity in order to test the association between low physical fitness, a genetic predisposition for obesity, and brain health. We hypothesized that low-capacity runner (LCR) rats with concurrently greater levels of adiposity would have increased hippocampal inflammation and reduced plasticity compared to the more physically fit high-capacity runner (HCR) rats. METHODS We examined markers for inflammation and brain plasticity in the hippocampi of LCR…
Tick-borne encephalitis virus, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Borrelia miyamotoi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis …
2018
The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of tick-borne pathogens of medical importance in questing ticks collected from five recreationally used islands along the Norwegian coastline. Furthermore, since coinfection may affect the disease severity, this study aimed to determine the extent of coinfection in individual ticks or co-localization of tick-borne pathogens. In all, 4158 questing Ixodes ricinus ticks were analyzed. For detection of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), nymphs (3690) were analyzed in pools of ten. To detect Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, B. miyamotoi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, 468 nymphs were analyzed individually…
Successful treatment of HSV encephalitis during pregnancy.
1989
A propos d'une femme presentant une grossesse de 23 semaines. Description des signes cliniques et electroencephalographiques. Les effets de l'aciclovir sur l'encephalite et sur l'evolution de la grossesse sont etudies
Paraneoplastische limbische Enzephalitis bei kleinzelligem Bronchialkarzinom
2004
We report about a 63-year-old male patient who complained of a recent onset of confusion. A mediastinal mass had been detected in his chest X-ray three days before admission to our clinic. Surprisingly, a CT scan of the brain revealed no signs of cerebral masses or oedema. MRI demonstrated bright hyperintens signals in the medial aspect of both temporal lobes. Biopsy by mediastinoscopy showed small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). No distant metastases were found by staging procedures. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum contained antineuronal antibodies (anti-Hu). The combination of symptoms, MRI findings and paraneoplastic antibodies established the diagnosis of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis in…
Single intracerebroventricular progranulin injection adversely affects the blood–brain barrier in experimental traumatic brain injury
2021
Progranulin (PGRN) is a neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory factor with protective effects in animal models of ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Administration of recombinant (r) PGRN prevents exaggerated brain pathology after TBI in Grn-deficient mice, suggesting that local injection of recombinant progranulin (rPGRN) provides therapeutic benefit in the acute phase of TBI. To test this hypothesis, we subjected adult male C57Bl/6N mice to the controlled cortical impact model of TBI, administered a single dose of rPGRN intracerebroventricularly (ICV) shortly before the injury, and examined behavioral and biological effects up to 5 days post injury (dp…
Infections of the Central Nervous System after Unrelated Donor Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation or Human Leukocyte Antigen–Matched Sibling Transp…
2016
We analyzed the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcome of central nervous system (CNS) infections in consecutive patients with receiving umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) (n = 343) or HLA-matched sibling donor stem cell transplantation (MST) (n = 366). Thirty-four CNS infections were documented at a median time of 116 days after transplantation (range, 7 to 1161). The cumulative incidence (CI) risk of developing a CNS infection was .6% at day +30, 2.3% at day +90, and 4.9% at 5 years. The 5-year CI of CNS infection was 8.2% after UCBT and 1.7% after MST (P .001). The causative micro-organisms of CNS infections were fungi (35%), virus (32%), Toxoplasm…
Misdiagnosis and pitfalls in Panayiotopoulos syndrome
2019
Abstract Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a frequent (6% among children of 1–15 years) and benign epileptic syndrome, characterized by predominantly autonomic symptoms (emesis, pallor, flushing, cyanosis, mydriasis/miosis, cardiorespiratory and thermoregulatory alterations, incontinence of urine and/or feces, hypersalivation, and modifications of intestinal motility) associated with simple motor focal seizures, which can be followed by secondary generalization. Panayiotopoulos syndrome can be extremely insidious, because it can mimic several condition, such as gastroenteritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, encephalitis, syncope, migraine, sleep disorders, or even metabolic diseases. This…
Predicting habitat suitability for Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus ticks in Finland
2022
AbstractBackgroundTicks are responsible for transmitting several notable pathogens worldwide. Finland lies in a zone where two human-biting tick species co-occur:IxodesricinusandIxodespersulcatus. Tick densities have increased in boreal regions worldwide during past decades, and tick-borne pathogens have been identified as one of the major threats to public health in the face of climate change.MethodsWe used species distribution modelling techniques to predict the distributions ofI.ricinusandI.persulcatus,using aggregated historical data from 2014 to 2020 and new tick occurrence data from 2021. By aiming to fill the gaps in tick occurrence data, we created a new sampling strategy across Fin…
EndothelinA receptor antagonist BSF-208075 causes immune modulation and neuroprotection after stroke in gerbils.
2005
Leukocytes contribute to the ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recent studies suggested endothelins could be important mediators for leukocyte activation in stroke. We tested if the endothelinA receptor antagonist BSF-208075 (ambrisentan) could reduce an ischemic lesion by modulation of leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Twenty-four gerbils underwent either a sham operation (n=6) or 15 min of bilateral carotid artery occlusion resulting in global cerebral ischemia. Ischemic animals received normal saline (n=6), 5 mg/kg BSF-208075 (n=6) or 30 mg/kg (n=6) administered intravenously at 10 min of reperfusion. Leukocytes rolling or adhering to endothelium were counted by intravital microscopy in par…
First case of Mediterranean spotted fever-associated rhabdomyolysis leading to fatal acute renal failure and encephalitis
2014
SummaryMediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is a tick-borne zoonosis caused by Rickettsia conorii. In Italy, about 400 cases are reported every year and nearly half of them occur in Sicily, which is one of the most endemic regions. Although MSF is mostly a self-limited disease characterized by fever, skin rash, and a dark eschar at the site of the tick bite called a ‘tache noire’, serious complications are described, mainly in adult patients. Nevertheless, severe forms of the disease with major morbidity and a higher mortality risk have been described. We report a fatal case of MSF complicated by rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, and encephalitis in an elderly woman.