Search results for "endometrium"

Steroid Receptor Expression in Endometria from Women Treated with Tamoxifen

1998

Abstract Breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen (Tam) are at an increased risk for developing endometrial carcinomas, possibly due to the partial estrogenic effect of Tam on endometrial cells. Progestational therapy has not routinely been included in Tam regimens. It was our aim to determine the presence of estrogen receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs) in normal and abnormal endometria from postmenopausal women with breast cancer who were treated with Tam. Standard immunohistochemical staining of ERs and PRs was performed on paraffin sections from formalin-fixed uterine curettings or hysterectomy specimens from 40 patients who had received 20–40 mg of Tam daily for a minimum…

Embryo effects in human implantation: embryonic regulation of endometrial molecules in human implantation.

2001

: Embryonic implantation requires coordinated development of the blastocyst and the maternal endometrium. Considerable advances have been made in the understanding of the cell biology of human embryo and maternal endometrium as separate entities. Nevertheless, communication between them and their reciprocal effects on each other constitute an exciting and as-yet unsolved problem in reproductive medicine. Cross-talk among the embryo, endometrium, and the corpus luteum are known to occur in ruminants and primates; more specifically, endometrial-embryonic interactions have been reported in rodents and primates. Here, we present updated information in humans on the embryonic regulation of endom…

Endometrial response to concurrent treatment with vaginal progesterone and transdermal estradiol.

2012

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the effect of the intermittent administration of vaginal progesterone and a low-dose estradiol patch on endometrial stability, as assessed by the rate of amenorrhea and endometrial stimulation. Methods This was an open study in which 64 moderately symptomatic, postmenopausal women were treated in the outpatient clinic of our University Hospital for different intervals up to 1 year. The treatment consisted of a combination of patches delivering 25 µg/day estradiol and intravaginal pills containing 100 mg of micronized progesterone. Patches and pills were administered concomitantly in a twice-a-week protocol. The endometrial response was assessed by endovaginal …

Human endometrial CD98 is essential for blastocyst adhesion.

2010

Background Understanding the molecular basis of embryonic implantation is of great clinical and biological relevance. Little is currently known about the adhesion receptors that determine endometrial receptivity for embryonic implantation in humans. Methods and Principal Findings Using two human endometrial cell lines characterized by low and high receptivity, we identified the membrane receptor CD98 as a novel molecule selectively and significantly associated with the receptive phenotype. In human endometrial samples, CD98 was the only molecule studied whose expression was restricted to the implantation window in human endometrial tissue. CD98 expression was restricted to the apical surfac…

Do human concepti have the potential to enter into diapause?

1999

Although there is no direct evidence as to whether human concepti have the potential to enter into diapause before implantation, the possibility that human concepti may be capable of following this developmental pathway if exposed to an appropriate environment cannot be ruled out. Direct evidence remains elusive because of the ethical restraints associated with research activities within this area of knowledge. If conceptus diapause has evolved in primates and persists at the present time despite its apparent limited or no adaptive advantage, artificial induction of diapause in humans may have clinical implications for increasing: (i) the viability of concepti after biopsy, freezing-thawing…

Uterine Receptivity and the Ramifications of Ovarian Stimulation on Endometrial Function

2007

Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is widely used in assisted reproduction techniques (ART). However, hormonal treatment induces endometrial alterations that may alter implantation rates compared with natural cycles. Endometrial alterations have been observed by histological and biochemical techniques. The recent developments in functional genomics have provided objective tools to analyze the endometrium in natural cycles and evaluate the impact of COS protocols in endometrial development. This article describes the fundamental aspects of endometrial receptivity in natural cycles and reports how COS affects the morphology, biochemistry, and the genomic pattern of the endometrium.

Clinical factors affecting endometrial receptiveness in oocyte donation cycles.

2008

Objective To provide a summary of the actual knowledge about the clinical factors affecting the oocyte recipient (other than those associated with uterine cavity abnormalities) on the outcome of oocyte donation cycles. Design Review of the literature. Setting Information regarding the association between age, body mass index (BMI), endometrial priming, tobacco consumption, hydrosalpinx, and endometriosis/adenomyosis in oocyte recipients and the results of oocyte donation cycles. Result(s) Recipient age and the presence of hydrosalpinx are clearly associated with a poorer outcome in oocyte donation cycles. The negative impact of tobacco consumption has recently been confirmed. The exact rele…

Reply: Endometrial scratching for women with repeated implantation failure.

2014

Is Hysteroscopy Better than Ultrasonography for Uterine Cavity Evaluation? An Evidence-Based and Patient-Oriented Approach

2016

Evaluation of the uterine cavity is an important part of the gynecological check, especially in symptomatic women and, over the last few decades, a number of technical and technological advancements has allowed a superb investigation of this organ. Traditionally, transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) has been the first-line diagnostic tool for evaluating uterine diseases, also considering that gynecologists are familiar with the technique since it is included in the basic training in obstetrics and gynecology. Nevertheless, to date “office hysteroscopy” received growing attention since the development of smaller-diameter hysteroscopes which has made it possible to easily perform the hysteroscopy …

529. PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE 6 PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IN MODULATING THE HUMAN ENDOMETRIAL EPITHELIUM FOR RECEPTIVITY AND IMPLANTATION

2009

Successful embryo implantation is an important step in establishing pregnancy, requiring a healthy embryo and a receptive endometrium. Establishment of endometrial receptivity involves morphological and physiological changes initially in the endometrial epithelium, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We have previously demonstrated that proprotein convertase 5/6 (PC6), a member of the proprotein convertase (PC) family, is up-regulated in the endometrium specifically at implantation in association with epithelial differentiation, in the human and monkey. PCs convert a range of precursor proteins of important functions into their bioactive forms; they are thus r…