Search results for "endothelin"

showing 10 items of 93 documents

Palmitoylation of Endothelin Receptor A

1996

Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and palmitoylation play important roles for the function and regulation of receptors coupled to heterotrimeric guanyl nucleotide-binding proteins. Here we demonstrate that the human endothelin receptor A (ETA) incorporates [3H]palmitate. Mutation of a cluster of five cysteine residues present in the cytoplasmic tail of ETA into serine or alanine residues completely prevented palmitoylation of the receptor. The ligand binding affinity of the non-palmitoylated ETA mutants was essentially unchanged as compared to the palmitoylated wild type ETA suggesting that the replacement of the cysteine residues did not alter the overall structure o…

Endothelin receptor type APhospholipase CWild typeCell BiologyBiologyBiochemistryBiochemistryPalmitoylationHeterotrimeric G proteincardiovascular systemSignal transductionEndothelin receptorReceptorMolecular BiologyJournal of Biological Chemistry

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Unraveling the mechanisms of action of lactoferrin-derived antihypertensive peptides: ACE inhibition and beyond

2015

Hypertension is one of the most important causes of cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality, and it represents a serious health problem in Western countries. Over the last few decades scientific interest in food-derived antihypertensive peptides has grown as an alternative to drugs in the control of systemic blood pressure. Most of these peptides target the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) but emerging evidence points to other antihypertensive mechanisms beyond ACE inhibition. The milk protein lactoferrin (LF) is a good source of orally active antihypertensive peptides the characterization of which, including ex vivo functional assays and in vivo approaches, shows that they mi…

Food-derived antihypertensive peptidesAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsPharmacologyBiologyPeptidyl-Dipeptidase ANitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundIn vivoRenin–angiotensin systemAnimalsHumansGeneAntihypertensive Agentschemistry.chemical_classificationLactoferrinRenin-angiotensin system (RAS)General MedicineEndothelin systemLactoferrinEnzymechemistryHypertensionbiology.proteinEndothelin receptorPeptidesEx vivoFood Science

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Endothelin receptor B in trabecular meshwork

2007

Abstract Endothelin-1 (ET-1), the most potent vasoconstrictor known to date, seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma. ET-1 was found in different tissues of the eye and in high concentrations in the aqueous humour. The effects of ET-1 are mediated by two receptors, ET-A receptor (ET-AR) and ET-B receptor (ET-BR), which are both expressed in bovine trabecular meshwork (TM). ET-1 induced contraction of TM predominantly by activation of ET-AR. This study analyzes the role of ET-BR in TM function and investigates the synthesis of ET-1 by human TM (HTM) cells. The effect of IRL-1620, a specific ET-BR agonist, on contractility of bovine TM (BTM) was investigated wi…

Gene isoformAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholmedicine.drug_classBlotting WesternEndothelin-Converting EnzymesBiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceWestern blotTrabecular MeshworkInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsAspartic Acid EndopeptidasesHumansReceptorCells CulturedEndothelin-1medicine.diagnostic_testReceptors EndothelinAqueous humourEndothelinsMetalloendopeptidasesReceptor Endothelin BMolecular biologyPeptide FragmentsSensory SystemsOphthalmologyEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureCalciumCattlesense organsTrabecular meshworkEndothelin receptormedicine.drugExperimental Eye Research

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Genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in two novel cases of Waardenburg syndrome type IV.

2009

GeneticsMaleEndothelin-3Waardenburg Syndrome Type IVBase SequenceGenotypeGenetic heterogeneitySOXE Transcription FactorsDNA Mutational AnalysisMolecular Sequence DataBiologyModels BiologicalPedigreeConsanguinityGenetic HeterogeneityPhenotypeGeneticsHumansWaardenburg SyndromeAmino Acid SequenceHirschsprung DiseaseChildGenetics (clinical)American journal of medical genetics. Part A

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Classical and alternative pathways of mast cell activation.

2002

It has long since been recognized that mast cells are critical effectors of anaphylactic reactions, and the existence of these potentially hazardous cells has solely been justified due to their beneficial role in some infections with extracellular parasites. A novel understanding of mast cells as sentinels of the immune system has been made possible by taking advantage of mast cell-deficient mice in order to study the roles of mast cells in vivo and by detailed analyses of mast cell activation in vitro. Collectively, these experiments have revealed a variety of IgE-independent stimuli, which lead to the activation of mast cells as crucial initiators of an inflammatory response. Besides thei…

InflammationCell typeAdenosinePolymers and PlasticsEndothelin-1EffectorReceptors IgEBiologyInfectionsNeurosecretory SystemsIn vitroCell DegranulationCell biologyDisease Models AnimalImmune systemGene Expression RegulationIn vivoImmune SystemImmunoglobulin GExtracellularAnimalsMast CellsReceptorFunction (biology)General Environmental ScienceCritical reviews in immunology

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Requirement of caveolae microdomains in extracellular signal-regulated kinase and focal adhesion kinase activation induced by endothelin-1 in primary…

1999

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) mitogenic activity in astrocytes is mediated by the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway together with the Rho-dependent activation of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway. To clarify the mechanisms responsible for the coordinate activation of both pathways in the ET-1 signal propagation, the involvement of caveolae microdomains, suggested to play a role in signal transduction, was evaluated. In this study, it is reported that caveolae of primary astrocytes are enriched in endothelin receptor (ETB-R). Furthermore, signaling molecules such as the adaptor proteins Shc and Grb2, and the small G protein Rho, also reside within these microd…

MAPK/ERK pathwayCaveolin 1BiologyBiochemistryCaveolinsFocal adhesionCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundCaveolaeCell AdhesionAnimalsFilipinPhosphorylationCells CulturedCytoskeletonMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1Endothelin-1Signal transducing adaptor proteinMembrane ProteinsTyrosine phosphorylationProtein-Tyrosine KinasesActinsCell biologyAnti-Bacterial AgentsCell CompartmentationRatsEnzyme ActivationchemistryAstrocytesFocal Adhesion Kinase 1Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine KinasesCaveolin 1Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinasesbiology.proteinTyrosineGRB2Signal transductionExtracellular SpaceCell Adhesion MoleculesSignal TransductionJournal of neurochemistry

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Coupling of endothelin receptors to the ERK/MAP kinase pathway. Roles of palmitoylation and G(alpha)q.

2001

Endothelins are potent mitogens that stimulate extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK/MAP kinases) through their cognate G-protein-coupled receptors, ET(A) and ET(B). To address the role of post-translational ET receptor modifications such as acylation on ERK activation and to identify relevant downstream effectors coupling the ET receptor to the ERK signaling cascades we have constructed a panel of palmitoylation-deficient ET receptor mutants with differential G(alpha) protein binding capacity. Endothelin-1 stimulation of wild-type ET(A) or ET(B) induced a fivefold to sixfold increase in ERK in COS-7 and CHO cells whereas full-length nonpalmitoylated ET(A) and ET(B) mutants failed to …

MAPK/ERK pathwayGs alpha subunitInsectaMAP Kinase Signaling SystemBlotting WesternMolecular Sequence DataPalmitic AcidSRC Family Tyrosine KinaseBiochemistryCell LineCricetinaeArrestinTumor Cells CulturedAnimalsHumansAmino Acid SequenceReceptorMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1KinaseChemistryReceptors EndothelinCell MembraneHeterotrimeric GTP-Binding ProteinsCell biologyEnzyme ActivationErbB ReceptorsType C PhospholipasesCOS CellsMutationcardiovascular systemMutagenesis Site-DirectedPhosphorylationGTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits Gq-G11Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesProto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase SrcEuropean journal of biochemistry

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SARS CoV2 infection _The longevity study perspectives

2021

Graphical abstract

MaleAgingssRNA single-stranded RNARFLP restriction fragment length polymorphismHSPs heat shock proteinsReviewPTMs post-translational modificationsSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeBiochemistryHIV-1 human immunodeficiency virus-1TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-αEC endothelial cells0302 clinical medicineFluAV influenza A virusI insertionMedicineIFN-γ interferon-γDIC disseminated intravascular coagulationPCR Polymerase Chain Reactionmedia_commonAged 80 and overLongevityRBD receptor-binding domainNeurologyLongevity modelMI myocardial infarctionNK natural killerhPIV2 human parainfluenza virus type 2media_common.quotation_subjectResearching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targetsLongevityDBP diastolic blood pressureNF-Kb nuclear transcription factor kBRANTES regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secretedMphi human macrophages03 medical and health sciencesCox 2 cyclooxygenase 2ORF open reading framePT prothrombin timeSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaHumansMolecular BiologyInflammatory genesARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeNO nitric oxideD deletionCpGIs CpG islandsT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusmedicine.diseaseFDP fibrin degradation products030104 developmental biologySARS CoV2 severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 virusImmunologyBMI body max indexItalian nonagenarians/centenariansRSV respiratory syncytial virusComplication030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseIP-10 IFN-γ -Inducible Protein 1040301 basic medicineAT1R activity of angiotensin 1 receptorsDCs dentritic cellsSSCP single strand conformation polymorphismACE/DD polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzymeFGF21 fibroblast growth factor 21TLR4 toll-like receptor 4NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideACE angiotensin-I converting enzymeAT2R activity of angiotensin 2 receptorsCOVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019Respiratory distressACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme 2MKP-1 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 ()PD protease domainSNP single nucleotide polymorphismEH essential hypertensionTNFR tumor necrosis factor receptorINR international normalized ratio of the prothrombin timePAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1Ang angiotensinLPS lipopolysaccharideMCP1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1medicine.symptomaPTT partial thromboplastin timeBiotechnologyDUSP1 dual specificity phosphatase 1Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)PC prostate cancerRAS renin-angiotensin aldosterone systemCCR5Δ32 genetic variant of chemokine receptorCOVID-19 Researching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targets Italian nonagenarians/centenarians Longevity modelAsymptomaticSARS-1 severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 1SIRT-1 Sirtuin 1Th1 t-helper lymphocyte type 1Immune systemROS reactive oxygen speciesTGF-β transforming growth factor betaET-1 endothelin-1ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSADAM-17 metallopeptidase domain 17business.industrySARS-CoV-2SBP systolic blood pressureCOVID-19HDACs histone deacetylasesComorbidityImmune Systembusiness5-LO lipoxygenase 5Ageing Research Reviews

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Search for Stroke-Protecting Agents in Endothelin-1-Induced Ischemic Stroke Model in Rats

2012

Background and Objective. Ischemic stroke may initiate a reperfusion injury leading to brain damage cascades where inflammatory mechanisms play a major role. Therefore, the necessity for the novel stroke-protecting agents whose the mechanism of action is focused on their anti-inflammatory potency is still on the agenda for drug designers. Our previous studies demonstrated that cerebrocrast (a 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative) and mildronate (a representative of the aza-butyrobetaine class) possessed considerable anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in different in vitro and in vivo model systems. The present study investigated their stroke-protecting ability in an endothelin-1 (ET…

MaleDihydropyridinesDrug Evaluation PreclinicalInfarctionBrain damagePharmacologyNeuroprotectionIn vivomedicineAnimalsRats WistarStrokeEndothelin-1business.industryGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseRatsStrokeDisease Models AnimalNeuroprotective AgentsMechanism of actionendothelin-1; ischemic stroke; neurodegeneration; protection; cerebrocrast; mildronateDrug Therapy Combinationmedicine.symptombusinessReperfusion injuryEx vivoMethylhydrazinesMedicina; Volume 48; Issue 10; Pages: 77

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Polymorphisms in endothelin system genes, arsenic levels and obesity risk.

2015

Background/objectivesObesity has been linked to morbidity and mortality through increased risk for many chronic diseases. Endothelin (EDN) system has been related to endothelial function but it can be involved in lipid metabolism regulation: Receptor type A (EDNRA) activates lipolysis in adipocytes, the two endothelin receptors mediate arsenic-stimulated adipocyte dysfunction, and endothelin system can regulate adiposity by modulating adiponectin activity in different situations and, therefore, influence obesity development. The aim of the present study was to analyze if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EDN system could be associated with human obesity.Subjects/methodsWe analyz…

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