Search results for "enforcement"

showing 10 items of 115 documents

Tobacco Use Documenting Policy and Its Association With Pupils’ Smoking and Their Perception of the Enforcement of School Smoking Bans in Finland

2014

Finnish national data sets on schools (N = 496) and pupils (N = 74,143; 14–16 years) were used to study whether a systematic documenting policy for the violations of school smoking bans was associated with pupils’ smoking and their perceptions on the enforcement of smoking bans. Attending a school with a systematic documenting policy was associated with perceptions that smoking is prohibited and restrictions monitored, with lower levels of smoking in the vicinity of the school during the school day, but not with smoking prevalence. Findings suggest that a consistent documenting policy could be an effective tool for reducing pupils’ smoking in schools.

Tobacco usegenetic structuresStrategy and Managementmedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationta3141Advertisingta3142Smoking prevalenceEducationHealth promotionEnvironmental healthPerceptionsense organsPsychologyEnforcementAssociation (psychology)National datamedia_commonCohort studyLeadership and Policy in Schools
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What determines the willingness to sanction violations of newly introduced social norms: Personality traits or economic preferences? evidence from th…

2021

Abstract Social norms govern human behavior and usually change slowly over time. While individuals’ willingness to sanction others is decisive for the enforcement of social norms and thus social stability, little is known about individual sanctioning behavior related to newly introduced social norms. During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have used various tools to rapidly and actively introduce the new norm of wearing a face mask; this offers a unique setting to study the determinants of individuals’ willingness to sanction a cooperation norm. In a nationwide online survey in Germany, we find that higher levels of conscientiousness and neuroticism, but none of the economic preferences (…

Value (ethics)Economics and EconometricsGeneral Social SciencesPublic policyConscientiousnessNorm (social)Big Five personality traitsPsychologyEnforcementSocial psychologyApplied PsychologySolidarityCompliance (psychology)Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics
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A Public Barrier Tracker to Support the Web Accessibility Directive

2018

In this paper we propose the Public Barrier Tracker (PBT) – a comprehensive solution that supports both filing and handling of user feedback on web accessibility. We give an overview of some existing approaches for gathering user feedback on accessibility barriers and outline the PBT functionality. The PBT can also offer further support for the implementation of the WAD: The collected data could be useful for monitoring and reporting as well as the enforcement mechanism.

World Wide WebMechanism (biology)Computer scienceEnforcementDirectiveUser feedbackWeb accessibility
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Échantillonnage adaptatif optimal dans les champs de Markov, application à l’échantillonnage d’une espèce adventice

2012

This work is divided into two parts: (i) the theoretical study of the problem of adaptive sampling in Markov Random Fields (MRF) and (ii) the modeling of the problem of weed sampling in a crop field and the design of adaptive sampling strategies for this problem. For the first point, we first modeled the problem of finding an optimal sampling strategy as a finite horizon Markov Decision Process (MDP). Then, we proposed a generic algorithm for computing an approximate solution to any finite horizon MDP with known model. This algorithm, called Least-Squared Dynamic Programming (LSDP), combines the concepts of dynamic programming and reinforcement learning. It was then adapted to compute adapt…

[SDE] Environmental Sciencesdynamic programmingreinforcement learningMarkov random field[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]pprentissage par renforcement[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]batchprogrammation dynamiquesampling costprocessus décisionnel de Markov[SDE]Environmental Sciencescoût d'échantillonnageMarkov decision processchamp de Markovadventiceweedéchantillonage adaptatif
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Manufacturing and characterization of Al matrix composites with nano reinforcements via cold spraying

2019

This study aims at developing new routes for manufacturing Al matrix composites (AMCs) strengthened with nano reinforcements by solid-state cold spraying (CS) process. Three different AMCs including CNTs/Al, TiB2/AlSi10Mg and TiB2/7075Al were successfully fabricated by CS of the composite powders prepared using different approaches. The microstructure evolution of as-sprayed composite samples was investigated by means of different characterization methods like X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (SEM/EBSD). The adhesion strength, tribological behaviour, corrosion properties as well as the mechanical performa…

[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/OtherTraitement thermique[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry[SPI.OTHER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/OtherCold sprayMechanical properties[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryHeat treatmentMetal matrix compositeComposite à matrice métalliquePropriétés mécaniquesProjection à froidNano reinforcementsNano renforcement
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"Sądowa egzekucja" kontaktów z dzieckiem

2019

an order for payment of a defined sum of moneynon-litigious proceedingenforcement procceding regarding contact with the childenforceable titlethe amount of threat of a sum of moneya motion initiating judicial proceedingscase for guardianshipthe stage nature of the enfercement proccedingsdeclarationof enforceabilityentitled to contact with a childfinal judgementreimbursement of justified expenses
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A Comparative Study on the Implementation of the Free Movement Directive: Transposition, Application and Enforcement in Belgium, Italy and the UK Com…

The Free Movement Directive is the key EU legal instrument that regulates the free movement of persons within the thirty-one countries that make up the European Economic Area. Implementation of Directive 2004/38 by the Member States has been far from satisfactory and the Commission has deplored the fact that not a single Member State had been able to implement the Directive correctly. The enforcement action that the Commission has so far taken does not appear to have necessarily been linked to how well transposition complies with the Directive in individual Member States. In other words, the way in which the Directive has been written into national law does not seem to be the only factor th…

applicazione del diritto UEfree movement of personEuropean Union law; Comparative law; EU directives; implementation; transposition of EU law; application of EU law; enforcement of EU law; free movement of persons;enforcement of EU lawDiritto dell'Unione europea; Diritto comparato; direttive UE; implementazione del diritto UE; attuazione del diritto UE; applicazione del diritto UE; libera circolazione delle personelibera circolazione delle personetransposition du droit UEtransposition of EU lawdirectives européennemise en oeuvre du droit UEDroit comparéexécution du droit UEdirettive UEDiritto dell'Unione europeaDiritto comparatoDroit de l'Union européenne; Droit comparé; directives européennes; mise en oeuvre du droit UE; transposition du droit UE; application du droit UE; exécution du droit UEapplication of EU lawDroit de l'Union européenneEU directiveattuazione del diritto UEComparative lawimplementationEuropean Union lawapplication du droit UEimplementazione del diritto UE
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Vecchi e nuovi problemi in tema di intervento dei creditori nell’esecuzione (note a margine di Cass. S.U. n. 61 del 7 gennaio 2014)

2015

Nel contributo in oggetto l'autore, muovendo dalla decisione delle Sezioni Unite della Cassazione n. 61 del 7 gennaio 2014, coglie l'occasione per riesaminare le vecchie e nuove problematiche sottese all’intervento dei creditori nel processo esecutivo. Il primo tema affrontato è quello della par condicio creditorum, che viene esaminata nella sua storia evolutiva dal Code Napoleon, al suo periodo di massima estensione, dato dal codice del 1940, fino al suo ridimensionamento a seguito delle riforme del 2005. Esamina quindi la possibilità del possibile superamento quoad effectum della distinzione tra intervento di creditori con titolo e senza titolo, alla luce delle evoluzioni della giurisprud…

b) the same par condicio creditorum principle and the consequent possibility of intervention of third party in the execution. It concludes however that a revolution like the aforesaid explained would be only apparently advantageouOld and new problems related to the intervention of creditors in the expropriation (marginal notes at Cass. Sez. Un. January 7 2014 n. 61) Moving from the decision of the Sezioni Unite n. 61/2014 the author takes the opportunity to re-examine old and new problems related to the intervention of creditors in the forceable execution. The first major theme concerns par condicio creditorum which is examined in its evolutionary history since the Code Napoleon through its period of maximum extension (the Code of 1940) until its reduction as a result of the reforms of 2005. The author examines the possibility to overcome quoad effectum the distinction between sine titulo et cum titulo interveners in light of jurisprudence’s evolution between 1978 2009 and 2014. The possibility in particular concerns those creditors sine titulo the where credit has not been contested (ex art. 499 c.p.c.) by the debtor seek payment and partecipate to distribution. In the last section the author examines the possibilities for other creditors to contest the intervention of the creditor sine titulo ex art. 499 c.p.c. (utendo iuribus in subrogation in case of inaction of the debtor) or in the distribution phase ex art. 512 c.p.c. He concludes that the only person that will be really damaged if he doesn’t contest - ex art. 499 c.p.c. - the credit it is precisely the debtor. He also notes that in the legislation of the last decade the apparent effort to reduce the numbers of judicial enquiry incidental to forceable execution will never be achieved unless it’s eliminated in radice: a) the existence in our system of extrajudicial enforcement titulaSettore IUS/15 - Diritto Processuale Civilesince it would lead to increase autonomous expropriations (one for each creditor who can today intervene) and to increment judicial enquiries in order to form enforceable judgments
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Safety Related Behaviors and Law Adherence of Shared E-Scooter Riders in Germany

2021

Shared e-scooters, whose supply and coverage keeps increasing in many cities around the globe, are rapidly changing mobility in urban road environments. As rising injury rates have been observed alongside this new form of mobility, researchers are investigating potential factors that relate to safe/unsafe e-scooter use. In Germany, e-scooter sharing platforms were only recently permitted in the middle of 2019, and their number has increased steadily since then. The aim of this study was to assess key factors that relate to their safe use, through a direct observation of e-scooters conducted at three observation sites around Berlin. Helmet use, dual use, type of infrastructure use, and trave…

business.industryInternet privacyGlobeUrban roadQuarter (United States coin)Helmet useDual (category theory)ddc:380medicine.anatomical_structureKey factorsLack of efficacymedicineBusinessddc:004Enforcement
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Le novità di fine anno introdotte dalla Legge di Bilancio 2013 [2023] e dal d.l. milleproroghe

2023

L'articolo esamina le recenti modifiche al processo esecutivo The essay examines the recent reforms in civil enforcements

civil enforcement - recent developmentsSettore IUS/15 - Diritto Processuale Civileprocesso esecutivo - recenti modifiche
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