Search results for "engineering.material"

showing 10 items of 2352 documents

Switchable surface structured hydrogel coatings

2017

Switchable surface structures based on hydrogels are an emerging field in material science, microfluidics, soft robotics and anti-fouling. Here, we describe a novel method that uses a photo-cross-linkable terpolymer to create a hydrogel coating with a switchable surface structure. The terpolymer is based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) and it is shown that simple coating technologies like slit die coating can be used under ambient conditions. It is also shown that the swelling ratio of the coating is controlled by the energy dose of ultraviolet (UV) light. Simple and complex surface structures were created using respectively single or multiple UV illumination steps through masks and…

Materials scienceMicrofluidicsSoft roboticsNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistryengineering.material010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesDie (integrated circuit)0104 chemical sciencesCoatingSelf-healing hydrogelsengineeringCopolymermedicine0210 nano-technologyScience technology and societyUltravioletSoft Matter
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Prehnite: Structural similarity of the monoclinic and orthorhombic polymorphs and their Si/Al ordering

1990

Abstract Two modifications of the naturally occurring mineral prehnite, Ca 2 Al(Si 3 AlO 10 )(OH) 2 , are characterized by precise single crystal diffraction methods. The two forms are topologically identical. They differ only in the siting of one Al and one Si atom per unit cell: these switch their places in two of the tetrahedrally coordinated sites. This appears to be the only known case where a silicate occurs with two differently ordered tetrahedral distributions of Al and Si atoms. The two forms are not polytypes according to the current definition of polytypes. The two modifications are so similar to each other that they differ only in the eighth coordination sphere.

Materials scienceMineralCoordination sphereengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsSilicateElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundPrehniteCrystallographychemistryAtomMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesTetrahedronengineeringOrthorhombic crystal systemPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMonoclinic crystal systemJournal of Solid State Chemistry
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Dispersions of Nanoclays of Different Shapes into Aqueous and Solid Biopolymeric Matrices. Extended Physicochemical Study

2010

Dispersions of nanofillers into aqueous and solid biopolymeric matrices were studied from the physicochemical viewpoint. This work was carried out based on the idea that the combination of biopolymers, derived from renewable resources, and nanofiller, environmentally friendly, may form a new generation of nanomaterials with excellent and unique properties at low cost. To this purpose, two pectins with different degrees of methyl esterification and nanoclays like halloysite and laponite RD were selected. The thermodynamic and structural studies on the aqueous mixtures of pectin and nanoclay were able to discriminate the interactions, which control the adsorption of pectin onto the filler and…

Materials scienceMineralogyCalorimetryengineering.materialMicroscopy Atomic ForceHalloysiteNanocompositesNanomaterialsBiopolymersAdsorptionPhase (matter)Spectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredElectrochemistryGeneral Materials ScienceThermal stabilitySpectroscopyNanocompositeAqueous solutionNanoclay nanocomposite pectin nanotubeSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsCastingNanostructuresChemical engineeringengineeringPectinsLangmuir
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Effect of additives on the crystallization of cordierite-based glass-ceramics as glazes for floor tiles

2003

Abstract The effect of several additives such as fluxes and/or nucleants on a parent glass with composition located in the primary field of cordierite within the quaternary system CaO–MgO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 has been examined. Crystallization path of glasses was determined by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Pressed pellets of powdered glasses containing different additives were submitted at thermal treatments up to 1200 °C. The microstructural development at several temperatures was followed by field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The results shown that additions of TiO 2 as nucleant and/or B 2 O 3 as flux to a…

Materials scienceMineralogyCordieriteThermal treatmentengineering.materialMicrostructurelaw.inventionCeramic glazeChemical engineeringlawvisual_artDifferential thermal analysisMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumengineeringCeramicCrystallizationPowder diffractionJournal of the European Ceramic Society
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Effect of latex on surface structure and wetting of pigment coatings

2010

Abstract The amount and type of latex binder has a significant effect on both the structure and chemical properties of pigment coatings, which affects critical surface properties, e.g., gloss, ink setting rate via liquid absorption, and spreading properties. Increased knowledge is required for improved optimization in practical applications of pigment coating layers. To this end, the effect of binder amount for two different styrene–butadiene latices in kaolin pigment coatings on a base paper was studied, by measuring the surface topography, surface chemistry, and liquid absorption of these coatings. The topography was thoroughly analyzed from nanometer to millimeter length scales by atomic…

Materials scienceMineralogySurface finishengineering.materialGloss (optics)Surface energyContact anglechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryCoatingengineeringSurface roughnessWettingComposite materialAFm phaseColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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Large monolithic silica-based macrocellular foams with trimodal pore system.

2003

Silica-based materials with hierarchical pore systems at three different length scales (small mesopores–large mesopores–macropores) have been prepared through a nanotectonic approach by using mesoporous nanoparticles as building blocks; the resulting materials present a highly accessible foam-like architecture and can be prepared as large monoliths. Huerta Morillo, Lenin Jose, Lenin.Huerta@uv.es ; Latorre Saborit, Julio, Julio.Latorre@uv.es ; Beltran Porter, Aurelio, Aurelio.Beltran@uv.es ; Beltran Porter, Daniel, Daniel.Beltran@uv.es ; Amoros del Toro, Pedro Jose, Pedro.Amoros@uv.es

Materials scienceMonolithic silica-based ; Trimodal pore system ; Different length scalesUNESCO::QUÍMICAMetals and AlloysNanoparticleMineralogyPore systemGeneral ChemistryUNESCO::QUÍMICA::Química macromolecular:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]CatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsChemical engineeringMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Composites:QUÍMICA::Química macromolecular [UNESCO]Trimodal pore systemMesoporous materialDifferent length scalesMonolithic silica-basedChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Synthesis of self-assembled α-GaOOH microrods and 3D hierarchical architectures with flower like morphology and their conversion to α-Ga2O3

2015

Abstract This report reveals the methodology for the fabrication of α-GaOOH micro rods and micro flowers from gallium nitrate with two different complexing agents. α-GaOOH self-assembled 3D hierarchical architecture, comprising of nanorods and nanoribbbons with a flower like morphology, is fabricated under benign hydrothermal conditions. Calcination of α-GaOOH results in formation of α-Ga 2 O 3 with the retention of morphology. Both gallium oxyhydroxide and gallium oxide microstructures were analyzed with SEM, EDX, TEM and powder X-ray diffraction. α-Ga 2 O 3 micro flowers are furnished with nanorods having ordered diamond like cross section with a diagonal length proportion of 2:1. The hyd…

Materials scienceMorphology (linguistics)GaOOHNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyengineering.materialHydrothermal circulationlaw.inventionSynthesisNanoparticlelawGeneral Materials ScienceCalcinationGalliumta116MicrostructureMechanical EngineeringDiamondCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructureHydrothermalChemical engineeringchemistryMechanics of MaterialsengineeringNanorodCalcinationMaterials Letters
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Theoretical approach for determining the relation between the morphology and surface magnetism of Co3O4

2017

Abstract Precisely controlling the different aspects of the morphology and magnetic properties of metal oxides are fundamental to materials design. A theoretical approach, based on the Wulff construction and magnetization density (M) index, is presented to clarify the relation between the morphology and surface magnetism. The M index allows us to evaluate the uncompensated spins at the (1 0 0), (1 1 0), (1 1 1) and (1 1 2) surfaces of Co3O4 with a spinel structure. The investigated morphologies show an excellent agreement with the experimental results, with the main contribution coming from the (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) magnetic planes. The present results are also helpful in clarifying the intri…

Materials scienceMorphology (linguistics)MagnetismNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMagnetizationCo3O4morphologyWulff constructionSpinsCondensed matter physicsSpinel021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSurface energy0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssurface energyspin densitymagnetismengineeringWulff construction0210 nano-technology
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Tailoring the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–Al alloy using a novel electromagnetic stirring method

2006

The effect of melt convection during the solidification of Ti45Al55 alloys was investigated in terms of microstructure evolution and the resulting mechanical properties. The samples were subjected to conventional induction melting as well as enhanced melt stirring by an external magnetic field using a specially designed floating zone arrangement. The stirred samples showed a significant improvement of plastic deformability. A strong change in the morphology from dendritic to spherical and an increased properitectic phase fraction were observed after stirring.

Materials scienceMorphology (linguistics)Mechanical Engineeringdigestive oral and skin physiologyMetallurgyAlloytechnology industry and agricultureMetals and AlloysInduction furnaceengineering.materialequipment and suppliesCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructureMagnetic fieldElectromagnetic stirringMechanics of MaterialsengineeringGeneral Materials ScienceMelt convectionPhase fractionScripta Materialia
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PLA based biocomposites reinforced with Arundo donax fillers

2014

Abstract In this work, for the first time, a natural and almost inexpensive filler obtained by grinding the culms of Arundo donax was used to prepare PLA based biocomposites. The composites were prepared by melt compounding PLA with A. donax filler (ADF). The influence of the content and size of ADF on the morphology and on the mechanical and thermal properties of PLA–ADF composites was evaluated. Moreover, ADF was extracted from composites to evaluate the effect of processing on morphology and dimensions of the incorporated filler. Furthermore, the experimental elastic moduli of the biocomposites have been fitted, employing two theoretical models, i.e., Hill and Halpin–Tsai. The results sh…

Materials scienceMorphology (linguistics)Polymer-matrix compositebiologyExtrusionGeneral EngineeringArundo donaxengineering.materialbiology.organism_classificationGrindingSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiFlexural strengthDifferential scanning calorimetryCompoundingFiller (materials)Ultimate tensile strengthCeramics and CompositesengineeringComposite materialSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniMechanical propertieScanning electron microscopyElastic modulusComposites Science and Technology
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