Search results for "engineering.material"

showing 10 items of 2352 documents

Detector-electrode for alpha spectrometry in water sample, numerical and early feasibility investigation toward thermocompression bonding assembly pr…

2020

International audience; This study focuses on the feasibility of a detector-electrode for direct alpha measurement in aqueous samples. Such a device could be made by adding a boron doped diamond electrode on top of a standard silicon detector, with bonding and insulating layers. The impact of these different layers has been investigated by Monte-Carlo simulation (MCNP6), to find a compromise between alpha detection of the silicon, electrode and shielding properties of the diamond. The assembly process involving thermocompression between both substrates was successfully achieved under a clean room conditions.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAlpha particle spectrometrySilicon detectorSiliconElectrodechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyChemical vapor depositionMonte-Carlo simulationCVD diamondengineering.materialCVD diamond Electrode[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesThermocompression bonding0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]InstrumentationPhysicsAqueous solution010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorDiamondThermocompression bonding021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologychemistryElectrodeElectromagnetic shieldingengineeringOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Thorium partitioning in Greek industrial bauxite investigated by synchrotron radiation and laser-ablation techniques

2011

Abstract Typical red–brown (Fe-rich) and high-quality white–grey (Fe-depleted) bauxite samples from active mines of the Parnassos-Ghiona area, central Greece, were investigated. According to XRF and ICP-MS analyses their actinide content, and particularly of Th, is relatively increased. Fe-depleted samples contain up to 62.75 ppm Th corresponding to 220 Bq/kg due to 228Ac (232Th-series), whereas Fe-rich samples are less Th-radioactive (up to 58.25 ppm Th, 180 Bq/kg due to 228Ac). Powder-XRD patterns showed that Th-enriched (Fe-depleted) bauxite consists mostly of diaspore (AlOOH polymorph), anatase and rutile (TiO2 polymorphs). SEM-EDS indicated the presence of Ti–Fe–containing phases (e.g.…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAnataseMaterials scienceIonic radiusAnalytical chemistryThoriumchemistry.chemical_elementengineering.materialX-ray absorption fine structureBastnäsiteBauxitechemistryRutileengineeringInstrumentationIlmeniteNuclear chemistryNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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A study of electrochemically-induced corrosion of low carbon steel in a medium modelling acid rain

1994

Complementary electrochemical, spectrophotometric and electron microsopic investigations were made in addition to the conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopic (CEMS) measurements to learn more about the mechanism of corrosion of low carbon steel samples in aqueous sulfate and sulfite containing sulfate solutions (pH 3.5, 6.5 and 8.5). Passivation of iron in pure sulfate solution was studied in detail in earlier papers. In the present work, we used a solution containing both sulfate and sulfite anions to obtain more information about the effect of acid rain on low carbon steel samples. The compositions and thicknesses of the passive films formed due to the electrochemical treatments were …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAqueous solutionCarbon steelPassivationInorganic chemistryengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsElectrochemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCorrosionchemistry.chemical_compoundSulfitechemistryengineeringPitting corrosionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySulfateHyperfine Interactions
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conversion electron Mössbauer study of low carbon steel polarized in aqueous sulfate solution containing sulfite in low concentration

1992

The passivation of low carbon steel was studied in aqueous solution of 0.5 M Na2SO4+0.001 M NaHSO3 at pH=3.5 and 6.5. The found major components at pH-3.5 were: γ-FeOOH and Fe3C, and also FeSO4.H2O could be identified on the surface of the low carbon steel as a minor component. At pH-6.5, the passive film contained only amorphous iron(III)-oxide or oxyhydroxide.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAqueous solutionMaterials sciencePassivationCarbon steelInorganic chemistryElectronengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAmorphous solidchemistry.chemical_compoundSulfitechemistryMössbauer spectroscopyengineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySulfateHyperfine Interactions
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Electrochemical and conversion electron mössbauer study of corrosion induced by acid rain

1993

Abstract The passivation of low carbon steel was studied in aqueous solution of 0.5M Na2SO4 +0.001M NaHSO3 (pH 3.5, 6.5 and 8.5) which can be considered as a model of acid rain. The used conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) with the complementary electrochemical investigations proved that the sulfite ions induce pitting corrosion at pH 3.5 and 6 5 while the measurements showed much weaker pitting at pH 8.5. The compositions and thicknesses of the passive films formed during the electrochemical treatments are determined from the CEM spectra. Only γ-FeOOH was found on the surface of the samples at pH 6.5 and 8.5. Nevertheless, at pH 3.5 the sextet belonging to Fe3C appears in the…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAqueous solutionPassivationCarbon steelChemistryInorganic chemistryengineering.materialElectrochemistryCorrosionchemistry.chemical_compoundSulfiteConversion electron mössbauer spectroscopyPitting corrosionengineeringInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Layer formation on silicon steel by processing in H2/H2O at elevated temperatures

1992

Silicon steel (Fe-3wt%Si), as used for transformers and generators, has been annealed in wet hydrogen at elevated temperatures. The composition, sequence, and thicknesses of the layers found by conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) depth profiling for a 10 minutes anneal in different atmospheres are reported. In the range from 500°C to 720°C we observed carbide formation, indicating that the decarburization is hindered. Above 800°C, the layers consist of fayalite or of fayalite and iron oxides, depending on the oxygen potentialaO. At 843°C, the onset of iron oxide formation was found ataO=0.33.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAuger electron spectroscopyMaterials scienceDecarburizationHydrogenMetallurgyIron oxidechemistry.chemical_elementengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCarbidechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryConversion electron mössbauer spectroscopyengineeringFayalitePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectrical steelHyperfine Interactions
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Ab initio simulations of silver film adhesion on α-Al2O3 (0 0 0 1) and MgO (1 0 0) surfaces

1998

The atomic and electronic structure of the Ag/MgO (1 0 0) and Ag/alpha-Al2O3(0 0 0 1) interfaces are calculated by means of the ab initio Hartree-Fock approach combined with a supercell model. The electronic density distribution and the interface binding energy/equilibrium distance for both interfaces are analyzed. For a complete (1:1) surface coverage of the MgO surface the energetically most favorable adsorption position for the Ag atom is above the O atom. For the Ag/alpha-Al2O3 interface the preferable adsorption positions for the Ag atom are over centers of either large equilateral oxygen triangles (in Al-substituted sites of Al-terminated corundum surface) or isosceles oxygen triangle…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistryBinding energyAb initioCorundumElectronic structureengineering.materialCrystallographyAdsorptionLattice constantAtomengineeringAtomic physicsInstrumentationElectronic densityNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Theoretical simulations of the radiation-induced defect processes in insulating materials

1994

Abstract The results of two basic kinds of computer simulations of radiation-induced processes in insulating materials, one based on quantum-mechanical and pair-potential (atomistic) approaches, and the other a phenomenological theory of diffusion-controlled reactions, are presented. It is shown that, by combining different techniques (atom-atom potentials and semi-empirical quantum chemical methods) the optimized geometry and the electronic structure of a family of hole centres in crystalline corundum (α-Al2O3) could be found. Their energetics are analyzed; V2−, V−V−Mg hole centres all have a common basic element, namely the diatomic molecule O23−, which is responsible for their similar ab…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistryCorundumActivation energyElectronic structureengineering.materialAlkali metalPolaronDiatomic moleculeCovalent bondengineeringAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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The state of iron in andalusite

1990

Iron in andalusite (Al2SiO5) with concentrations of 1.5 … 4.3 wt-% has been reported in the literature to occupy mainly Al1 sites as Fe3+, and only small portions occupy Al2 sites as Fe3+ and Fe2+. In no case a magnetic hyperfine splitting has been found at temperatures above 77 K.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCondensed matter physicsChemistryMetallurgyengineeringState (functional analysis)Physical and Theoretical Chemistryengineering.materialThin filmCondensed Matter PhysicsHyperfine structureAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAndalusiteHyperfine Interactions
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Thermal annealing and transformation of dimer F centers in neutron-irradiated Al2O3 single crystals

2020

This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. In addition, the research leading to these results has received funding from the Estonian Research Council grant (PUT PRG619).

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDimer F-type centersMaterials scienceα-Al2O3DimerAnalytical chemistryCorundum02 engineering and technologyengineering.material01 natural sciencesFluence010305 fluids & plasmaschemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]General Materials ScienceNeutronIrradiationThermal annealingIrradiation by fast neutrons021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyNeutron temperatureRadiation induced optical absorptionNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryengineeringAbsorption (chemistry)0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceJournal of Nuclear Materials
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