Search results for "enterovirus"
showing 10 items of 76 documents
Infectious Entry Pathway of Enterovirus B Species
2015
Enterovirus B species (EV-B) are responsible for a vast number of mild and serious acute infections. They are also suspected of remaining in the body, where they cause persistent infections contributing to chronic diseases such as type I diabetes. Recent studies of the infectious entry pathway of these viruses revealed remarkable similarities, including non-clathrin entry of large endosomes originating from the plasma membrane invaginations. Many cellular factors regulating the efficient entry have recently been associated with macropinocytic uptake, such as Rac1, serine/threonine p21-activated kinase (Pak1), actin, Na/H exchanger, phospholipace C (PLC) and protein kinase Cα (PKCα). Another…
Transmisión colectiva de enterovirus asociada a membranas: Bases genéticas e implicaciones evolutivas
2021
Los virus son responsables de numerosas enfermedades. Muchas de éstas son crónicas y se estima que el 20% de los cánceres son causados por infecciones virales. Además, gracias a su gran capacidad adaptativa y a su facilidad de transmisión, tienen cierta facilidad para saltar de una especie a otra, por lo que muchos virus que infectan animales son potenciales zoonosis confiriéndoles un considerable potencial pandémico. Estudiar y comprender mejor a los virus es un paso esencial en la elaboración de mejores protocolos de salud y epidemiología, así como en la búsqueda de nuevos fármacos antivirales. En los últimos años se ha descubierto que los virus pueden transmitirse en grupo de un huésped …
Vemurafenib Inhibits Acute and Chronic Enterovirus Infection by Affecting Cellular Kinase Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Type IIIβ
2023
Enteroviruses are one of the most abundant viruses causing mild to serious acute infections in humans and also contributing to chronic diseases like type 1 diabetes. Presently, there are no approved antiviral drugs against enteroviruses. Here, we studied the potency of vemurafenib, an FDA-approved RAF kinase inhibitor for treating BRAFV600E mutant-related melanoma, as an antiviral against enteroviruses. We showed that vemurafenib prevented enterovirus translation and replication at low micromolar dosage in an RAF/MEK/ERK-independent manner. Vemurafenib was effective against group A, B, and C enteroviruses, as well as rhinovirus, but not parechovirus or more remote viruses such as Semliki Fo…
Development of novel probes for enterovirus B group to study uncoating and infection
2016
Enterovirus B group (EV-B) viruses are important human pathogens which cause a variety of diseases from mild respiratory illnesses to more severe acute infections such as myocarditis and meningitis. EV-Bs have also been associated with chronic infections and autoimmune diseases such as type I diabetes. Because of their significance, better and more accurate methods are necessary to track and visualize viruses in vitro and in vivo. This thesis focus on the development of novel probes to label viruses site-specifically and track infection in vitro. First, we established a covalent conjugation between gold nanocluster markers and EV-B viruses. We were able to visualize through electron microsc…
Nuevas aplicaciones del sistema MALDI-TOF MS en la Microbiología Clínica
2022
La espectrometría de masas es una técnica de determinación estructural que permite estudiar la distribución de las moléculas de una sustancia en función de su masa. Un espectro de masas es una relación de las especies iónicas presentes en una muestra, expresadas en función de su masa/carga (m/z) y la abundancia relativa (intensidad) de cada una en la muestra. La espectrometría de masas fue utilizada históricamente como una técnica analítica de la química clínica, pero no fue hasta hace tres décadas con la aparición de las técnicas de “ionización suave” cuando se consiguió analizar biomoléculas de gran tamaño utilizando un láser como fuente de ionización y una matriz orgánica para facilitar …
Echovirus 1 internalization negatively regulates epidermal growth factor receptor downregulation
2017
We have demonstrated previously that the human picornavirus Echovirus 1 (EV1) triggers an infectious internalization pathway that follows closely, but seems to stay separate, from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway triggered by epidermal growth factor (EGF). Here, we confirmed by using live and confocal microscopy that EGFR and EV1 vesicles are following intimately each other but are distinct entities with different degradation kinetics. We show here that despite being sorted to different pathways and located in distinct endosomes, EV1 inhibits EGFR downregulation. Simultaneous treatment with EV1 and EGF led to an accumulation of EGFR in cytoplasmic endosomes, which was evi…
Human Enterovirus Group B Viruses Rely on Vimentin Dynamics for Efficient Processing of Viral Nonstructural Proteins.
2019
A virus needs the host cell in order to replicate and produce new progeny viruses. For this, the virus takes over the host cell and modifies it to become a factory for viral proteins. Irrespective of the specific virus family, these proteins can be divided into structural and nonstructural proteins. Structural proteins are the building blocks for the new progeny virions, whereas the nonstructural proteins orchestrate the takeover of the host cell and its functions. Here, we have shown a mechanism that viruses exploit in order to regulate the host cell. We show that viral protein synthesis induces vimentin cages, which promote production of specific viral proteins that eventually control apo…
The closure of Pak1-dependent macropinosomes requires the phosphorylation of CtBP1/BARS
2007
Membrane fission is an essential process in membrane trafficking and other cellular functions. While many fissioning and trafficking steps are mediated by the large GTPase dynamin, some fission events are dynamin independent and involve C-terminal-binding protein-1/brefeldinA-ADP ribosylated substrate (CtBP1/BARS). To gain an insight into the molecular mechanisms of CtBP1/BARS in fission, we have studied the role of this protein in macropinocytosis, a dynamin-independent endocytic pathway that can be synchronously activated by growth factors. Here, we show that upon activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor, CtBP1/BARS is (a) translocated to the macropinocytic cup and its surroundi…
Interactions of α2β1 integrin and its ligands, type I collagen and echovirus 1
2015
Onychomadesis Outbreak in Valencia, Spain Associated with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enteroviruses
2011
This report evaluates the June 2008 onychomadesis outbreak in Valencia, Spain. The study sample consisted of 221 onychomadesis cases and 77 nonaffected individuals who lived close to those affected. We collected data on dietary variables, hygiene products, and individual pathological histories. Feces and blood specimens were collected from 44 cases and 24 controls to evaluate exposure to infectious agents. Pathological background data revealed a high frequency (61%) of hand, foot, and mouth disease among the onychomadesis cases. Coxsackievirus A10 was the most commonly detected enterovirus in both case and control groups (49%). Other enteroviruses such as coxsackieviruses A5, A6, A16, B1, a…