Search results for "enzyme inhibitors"

showing 10 items of 559 documents

High-throughput screening with the Eimeria tenella CDC2-related kinase2/cyclin complex EtCRK2/EtCYC3a

2012

The poultry disease coccidiosis, caused by infection with Eimeria spp. apicomplexan parasites, is responsible for enormous economic losses to the global poultry industry. The rapid increase of resistance to therapeutic agents, as well as the expense of vaccination with live attenuated vaccines, requires the development of new effective treatments for coccidiosis. Because of their key regulatory function in the eukaryotic cell cycle, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are prominent drug targets. The Eimeria tenella CDC2-related kinase 2 (EtCRK2) is a validated drug target that can be activated in vitro by the CDK activator XlRINGO (Xenopus laevis rapid inducer of G2/M progression in oocytes). B…

In silicoPlasmodium falciparumAntiprotozoal AgentsDrug Evaluation PreclinicalProtozoan ProteinsMicrobiologyEimeriaMicrobiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCyclin-dependent kinaseCyclinsparasitic diseasesCDC2 Protein KinaseAnimalsEnzyme Inhibitors030304 developmental biologyCyclin0303 health sciencesCyclin-dependent kinase 1biologyKinaseComputational BiologyPlasmodium falciparumCell cyclebiology.organism_classificationVirologyStandard3. Good healthHigh-Throughput Screening Assays030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCell and Molecular Biology of Microbesbiology.proteinEimeria tenellaMicrobiology
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Inhibition of astroglial cell proliferation by alcohols: interference with the protein kinase C-phospholipase D signaling pathway.

2000

Abstract Ethanol inhibits astroglial cell proliferation, an effect that may contribute to the development of alcoholic embryopathy in humans. In the present study, we investigated inhibitory effects of ethanol and butanol isomers (1-, 2- and t -butanol) on astroglial cell proliferation induced by the strongly mitogenic phorbol ester, 4s-phorbol-12α,13s-dibutyrate (PDB). 4s-Phorbol-12α,13s-dibutyrate (PDB) induced a 10-fold increase of [3H]thymidine incorporation in cortical astrocytes prepared from newborn rats (EC 50 : 70 nM) which was blocked by Ro 31-8220, a cell-permeable protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. Ethanol blocked PDB-induced astroglial proliferation in a concentration-dependent …

IndolesButanolsPhosphatidic AcidsDiglycerideschemistry.chemical_compoundDevelopmental NeurosciencePhorbol EstersPhospholipase DAnimalsEnzyme InhibitorsProtein kinase CCells CulturedPhorbol 1213-DibutyrateProtein Kinase CEthanolEthanolCell growthPhospholipase DBrainCentral Nervous System DepressantsPhosphatidic acidequipment and suppliesIn vitroRatsEnzyme ActivationchemistryBiochemistryAstrocytesCarcinogenslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)PhosphatidylethanolSignal transductionCell DivisionDevelopmental BiologySignal TransductionInternational journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
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Fluvastatin stabilizes the blood–brain barrier in vitro by nitric oxide-dependent dephosphorylation of myosin light chains

2006

Inhibition of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase and the downstream mevalonate pathway is in part responsible for the beneficial effects that statins exert on the cardiovascular system. In this study we aimed at analysing the stabilizing effects of fluvastatin on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, using an in vitro co-culture model of ECV304 and C6, or primary bovine endothelial cells and rat astrocytes. Fluvastatin dose-dependently (1-25 micromol/l) increased barrier integrity as analysed by measurements of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). This effect (117.4+/-2.6% at 25 micromol/l) was significantly reduced by the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L…

IndolesMyosin Light ChainsMyosin light-chain kinaseGeranylgeranyl pyrophosphatePhosphataseFarnesyl pyrophosphateBiologyNitric OxideBlood–brain barrierAntioxidantsCapillary PermeabilityFatty Acids MonounsaturatedDephosphorylationMiceCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundElectric ImpedancemedicineAnimalsDrug InteractionsEnzyme InhibitorsFluvastatinCells CulturedPharmacologyAnalysis of VarianceMicroscopy Confocalomega-N-MethylarginineDose-Response Relationship DrugEndothelial CellsBiological TransportMolecular biologyCoculture TechniquesRatsmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistryBlood-Brain BarrierAstrocytesModels AnimalCattleMevalonate pathwayFluvastatinmedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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Diacylglycerols containing Omega 3 and Omega 6 fatty acids bind to RasGRP and modulate MAP kinase activation.

2003

We elucidated the effects of different diacylglycerols (DAGs), i.e. 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (SAG), 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycerol (SDG), and 1-stearoyl-2-eicosapentaenoyl-sn-glycerol (SEG), on [3H]PDBu binding to RasGRP. The competition studies with these DAGs on [3H]PDBu binding to RasGRP revealed different Ki values for these DAG molecular species. Furthermore, we transfected human Jurkat T cells by a plasmid containing RasGRP and assessed the implication of endogenous DAGs on activation of MAP kinases ERK1/ERK2, induced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). In control cells, GF109203X, a protein kinase C inhibitor, inhibited ERK1/ERK2 activation. However, this…

IndolesTime FactorsBiochemistryJurkat cellsMaleimideschemistry.chemical_compoundJurkat CellsGuanine Nucleotide Exchange FactorsEnzyme InhibitorsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3KinaseFatty AcidsBrainTransfectionCell biologyDNA-Binding ProteinsBiochemistryEicosapentaenoic AcidDocosahexaenoic acidMitogen-activated protein kinasePhosphorylationTetradecanoylphorbol Acetatelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Arachidonic acidMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesPlasmidsProtein BindingDNA ComplementaryDocosahexaenoic AcidsMAP Kinase Signaling SystemImmunoblottingBiologyTransfectionBinding CompetitiveDiglyceridesInhibitory Concentration 50Fatty Acids Omega-6Fatty Acids Omega-3Escherichia coliAnimalsHumansCalphostinMolecular BiologyDose-Response Relationship Drugurogenital systemCell BiologyRatsEnzyme ActivationKineticschemistrybiology.proteinThe Journal of biological chemistry
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Modulation of NMDA receptor function by cyclic AMP in cerebellar neurones in culture

2004

The signal transduction pathways involved in NMDA receptor modulation by other receptors remain unclear. cAMP could be involved in this modulation. The aim of this work was to analyse the contribution of cAMP to NMDA receptor modulation in cerebellar neurones in culture. Forskolin increases cAMP and results in increased intracellular calcium and cGMP that are prevented by blocking NMDA receptors. Similar effects were induced by two cAMP analogues, indicating that cAMP leads to NMDA receptor activation. It has been reported that phosphorylation of Ser897 of the NR1 subunit of NMDA receptors by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) activates the receptors. Forskolin increases Ser897 phosphoryla…

Intracellular Fluidmedicine.medical_specialty8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine MonophosphateBiologyReceptors N-Methyl-D-AspartateBiochemistryCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundCerebellumInternal medicineCyclic AMPmedicineAnimalsCyclic adenosine monophosphateNerve Growth FactorsEnzyme InhibitorsPhosphorylationRats WistarProtein kinase AReceptorLong-term depressionCyclic GMPCells CulturedNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsForskolinColforsinNeuropeptidesCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesRatsPituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptideEndocrinologynervous systemchemistryPituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating PolypeptideNMDA receptorCalciumSignal transductionExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsSignal TransductionJournal of Neurochemistry
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cFLIPL Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis-inducing Ligand-mediated NF-κB Activation at the Death-inducing Signaling Complex in Human Ke…

2004

Human keratinocytes undergo apoptosis following treatment with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) via surface-expressed TRAIL receptors 1 and 2. In addition, TRAIL triggers nonapoptotic signaling pathways including activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB, in particular when TRAIL-induced apoptosis is blocked. The intracellular protein cFLIP(L) interferes with TRAIL-induced apoptosis at the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) in many cell types. To study the role of cFLIP(L) in TRAIL signaling, we established stable HaCaT keratinocyte cell lines expressing varying levels of cFLIP(L). Functional analysis revealed that relative cFLIP(L) levels correlat…

KeratinocytesCytoplasmReceptor complexCell SurvivalCASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating ProteinApoptosisCell SeparationBiologyCaspase 8Sensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryProinflammatory cytokineTNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing LigandRibonucleasesCell Line TumorHumansEnzyme InhibitorsMolecular BiologyTranscription factorSkinInflammationCaspase 8Membrane GlycoproteinsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsNF-kappa BCell BiologyFlow CytometryRecombinant ProteinsCell biologyRetroviridaeApoptosisCaspasesDeath-inducing signaling complexRNATumor necrosis factor alphaSignal transductionApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsPropidiumProtein BindingSignal TransductionJournal of Biological Chemistry
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Rottlerin induces a transformed phenotype in human keratinocytes.

2001

PKCdelta plays a fundamental role in cell cycle control. Consistent with its proposed tumour suppressor function, ras transfection of the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT results in a loss of PKCdelta expression mediated by TGFalpha (Exp. Cell Res., 219, 299, 1995). To get more insight into the role of PKCdelta in keratinocytes, we investigated the effects of Rottlerin, a specific inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta, in HaCaT cells. After Rottlerin treatment, HaCaT cells lost their cobble-stone morphology and displayed a spindle-shaped, fibroblastic phenotype. Additionally, the establishment of cell-cell contacts was prevented. This was caused by an internalization of E-cadherin and beta-c…

Keratinocytesmedia_common.quotation_subjectCellBiophysicsBiologyBiochemistryCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineCell AdhesionHumansBenzopyransEnzyme InhibitorsProtein kinase AInternalizationMolecular BiologyProtein Kinase Cbeta Cateninmedia_commonintegumentary systemContact InhibitionAcetophenonesCell DifferentiationCell BiologyTransfectionCadherinsPhenotypeMolecular biologyCell biologyIsoenzymesHaCaTCytoskeletal ProteinsProtein Kinase C-deltamedicine.anatomical_structureCell Transformation NeoplasticPhenotypechemistryCell cultureTrans-ActivatorsRottlerinBiochemical and biophysical research communications
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Structure–activity relationships, and drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties for indazole piperazine and indazole piperidine inhibitors of RO…

2007

ROCK has been implicated in many diseases ranging from glaucoma to spinal cord injury and is therefore an important target for therapeutic intervention. In this study, we have designed a series of 1-(4-(1H-indazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-hydroxy(or 2-amino) analogs and a series of 1-(4-(1H-indazol-5-yl amino)piperidin-1-yl)-2-hydroxy(or 2-amino) inhibitors of ROCK-II. SR-1459 has IC50 = 13 nM versus ROCK-II while the IC50s for SR-715 and SR-899 are 80 nM and 100 nM, respectively. Many of these inhibitors, especially the 2-amino substituted analogs for both series, are modest/potent CYP3A4 inhibitors as well. However, a few of these inhibitors (SR-715 and SR-899) show strong selectivity for R…

KinaseIndazolesInhibitorStereochemistryClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesPharmacologyBiochemistryPiperazinesInhibitory Concentration 50Structure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug StabilityPiperidinesIn vivoDrug DiscoveryAnimalsCytochrome P-450 CYP3ACytochrome P-450 Enzyme InhibitorsHumansStructure–activity relationshipPharmacokineticsRho-kinaseProtein Kinase InhibitorsMolecular BiologyCytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitorsrho-Associated KinasesIndazoleCYP3A4Organic ChemistryIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsROCK-IIRatsPiperazinePharmaceutical PreparationschemistryMolecular MedicinePiperidineDrug metabolismBioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters : a tetrahedron publication for the rapid dissemination of preliminary communication and all aspects of bioorganic chemistry, medicinal chemistry and related disciplines
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Sulfamide antifolates inhibiting thymidylate synthase: synthesis, enzyme inhibition and cytotoxicity

2002

Synthesis and biological evaluation are described of seven new analogues (3-9) of two potent thymidylate synthase inhibitors, 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (1) and its 2-methyl-2-deamino congener ICI 198583 (2). While the new compunds 3 and 4 were analogues of 1 and 2, respectively, containing a p-aminobenzenesulfonyl residue in place of the p-aminobenzoic acid residue, the remaining 5 new compounds were analogues of 4 with the L-glutamic acid residue replaced by glycine (5), L-valine (6), L-alanine (7), L-phenylglycine (8) or L-norvaline (9). The new analogues were tested as inhibitors of thymidylate synthases isolated from tumour (Ehrlich carcinoma), parasite (Hymenolepis diminuta) and n…

KineticsMiceSulfonamidesLiverMolecular StructureAnimalsFolic Acid AntagonistsThymidylate SynthaseEnzyme InhibitorsCarcinoma Ehrlich TumorGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell DivisionRatsActa Biochimica Polonica
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Anti-inflammatory effects of annexin-1: stimulation of IL-10 release and inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis.

2003

Annexin-1 (ANX-1) is an anti-inflammatory protein induced by glucocorticoids. Like glucocorticoids, ANX-1 and derived peptides inhibit eicosanoid synthesis, block leukocyte migration and induce apoptosis of inflammatory cells. Cytokines may possess either pro-inflammatory, i.e. interleukin(IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-12 or anti-inflammatory properties, i.e. IL-4, IL-10. The experiments described in the present study have been performed to answer the question whether the anti-inflammatory action of ANX-1 may be mediated, at least in part, by the release of IL-10. In macrophage (J774) cell line cultures primed with lipolysaccharide (LPS), recombinant ANX-1 stimulated IL-1…

Leukocyte migrationCell SurvivalImmunologyAnti-Inflammatory AgentsNitric Oxide Synthase Type IINitric OxideNitric oxideCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceAnnexinImmunology and AllergyAnimalsRNA MessengerEnzyme InhibitorsAnnexin A1PharmacologybiologyReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMacrophagesInterleukinPeptide FragmentsRecombinant ProteinsCell biologyInterleukin-10Nitric oxide synthasechemistryBiochemistryApoptosisbiology.proteinTumor necrosis factor alphaNitric Oxide SynthaseAnnexin A1International immunopharmacology
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