Search results for "epiderma"
showing 10 items of 296 documents
Cetuximab in squamous cell head and neck carcinomas.
2007
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antagonist, cetuximab, has recently been shown to enhance the effects of radiotherapy, and reports to date indicate that this effect occurs without any change in the pattern and severity of toxicity usually associated with head and neck radiation and/or chemotherapy (CT) administration. Moreover, several studies have reported that the expression of EGFR is strongly linked to poor outcome in patients undergoing therapy. Therefore, the presence of the EGFR in almost all cases of head and neck carcinoma offers a new therapeutic opportunity to most patients. In this paper, we report a review of the major studies dealing with the use of cetuximab in ad…
Upfront radiation versus EGFR-TKI : which is the best approach for EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients with brain metastasis?
2017
In The Journal of Clinical Oncology , William J. Magnuson (1) and colleagues have recently reported the results of a multicenter retrospective analysis comparing the impact of three different treatment strategies on survival outcomes of 351 patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and brain metastases (BM). Treatment options included stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) followed by EGFR-TKI (n=100), whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) followed by EGFR-TKI (n=120), or EGFR-TKI followed by SRS or WBRT at the time of intracranial progression (n=131). Results showed a significantly longer median overall survival (OS) in patients who received upfron…
Adding chemotherapy to TKI: Can we improve first-line treatment for EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients?
2016
In The Journal of Clinical Oncology , Ying Cheng and colleagues (1) have recently reported the results of a phase II randomized trial comparing pemetrexed plus gefitinib vs. gefitinib in treatment-naive, East Asian patients, with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. The study met its primary end-point in the intent-to-treat population, showing a significantly longer median progression free survival (PFS) in favors of the combination arm (15.8 months) compared to single agent arm (10.9 months) [hazard ratio (HR): 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.96; one-sided P=0.014; two-sided P=0.029].
HER2-positive male breast cancer: an update.
2010
Laura Ottini1, Carlo Capalbo2, Piera Rizzolo1, Valentina Silvestri1, Giuseppe Bronte3, Sergio Rizzo3, Antonio Russo31Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy; 2Medical Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy; 3Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyAbstract: Although rare, male breast cancer (MBC) remains a substantial cause for morbidity and mortality in men. Based on age frequency distribution, age-specific incidence rate pattern, and prognostic factor profiles, MBC is considered similar to postmenopausal breast cancer (BC). Compared with female BC (FBC), MBC cas…
Precision Medicine to Treat Advanced Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Work in Progress
2020
Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) represents a heterogeneous disease and, when diagnosed as locally advanced or metastatic, it is characterized by poor prognosis. During the last few years, several molecular classifications have been proposed to try to personalize treatment for those patients diagnosed with advanced disease. Nevertheless, despite the great effort, precision medicine is still far from being a reality. The improvement in the molecular analysis due to the application of high throughput technologies based on DNA and RNA sequencing has opened a novel scenario leading to the personalization of treatment. The possibility to target epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2, Claud…
Deregulation of the EGFR/PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1 pathway in breast cancer: possibilities for therapeutic intervention
2014
// Nicole M. Davis 1 , Melissa Sokolosky 1 , Kristin Stadelman 1 , Stephen L. Abrams 1 , Massimo Libra 2 , Saverio Candido 2 , Ferdinando Nicoletti 2 , Jerry Polesel 3 , Roberta Maestro 4 , Antonino D’Assoro 5 , Lyudmyla Drobot 6 , Dariusz Rakus 7 , Agnieszka Gizak 7 , Piotr Laidler 8 , Joanna Dulinska-Litewka 8 , Joerg Basecke 9 , Sanja Mijatovic 10 , Danijela Maksimovic-Ivanic 10 , Giuseppe Montalto 11,12 , Melchiorre Cervello 12 , Timothy L. Fitzgerald 13 , Zoya N. Demidenko 14 , Alberto M. Martelli 15 , Lucio Cocco 15 , Linda S. Steelman 1 and James A. McCubrey 1 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858 USA 2 …
The dark side of the moon: The PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway in colorectal carcinoma
2009
Wild-type KRAS status is required but not sufficient to confer sensitivity to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in colorectal cancer patients. As a consequence, one of the major challenges is to identify, in non-mutant KRAS patients, other markers that can predict lack of response to this therapy. Small series have investigated the clinical effect of PIK3CA mutations on resistance to anti-EGFR mAbs and discrepant results have been observed. Furthermore, PTEN loss in metastases may be predictive of resistance to anti-EGFR mAbs, even if PTEN determination is far from an immediate clinical application. The introduction of modulators of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR …
IL-6 Regulates Neutrophil Microabscess Formation in IL-17A-Driven Psoriasiform Lesions
2014
The lack of a generally accepted animal model for human psoriasis has hindered progress with respect to understanding the pathogenesis of the disease. Here we present a model in which transgenic IL-17A expression is targeted to the skin in mice, achievable after crossing our IL-17A(ind) allele to the K14-Cre strain. K14-IL-17A(ind/+) mice invariably develop an overt skin inflammation bearing many hallmark characteristics of human psoriasis including dermal infiltration of effector T cells, formation of neutrophil microabscesses, and hyperkeratosis. IL-17A expression in the skin results in upregulated granulopoiesis and migration of IL-6R-expressing neutrophils into the skin. Neutralization …
Early development of human Merkel cells.
1992
Human fetal Merkel cells are now generally considered to be epidermal derivatives. Previous studies using antibodies against the simple epithelial cytokeratins (CKs), 8 and 18, have demonstrated the presence of these cells in the epidermis at as early as fetal week 10 to 12. Using antibodies against CK 20 whose expression within the skin is restricted to Merkel cells, we applied immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase microscopy to analyze earlier embryonic and fetal human skin (wk 7 to 9). We were able to demonstrate the first Merkel cells at as early as fetal wk 8, i.e., at the same time as the epidermis starts to develop an intermediate, third layer, characterized by the expression of CK…
Dupuytren's contracture: an update of biomolecular aspects and therapeutic perspectives.
2005
The so-called fibrogenic cytokines, able to induce the growth of fibroblasts and their differentiation into myofibroblasts and to stimulate their production of extracellular matrix, are involved in the genesis of Dupuytren’s contracture. Although many studies have been made of biomolecular aspects of palmar fibromatosis, practical applications from them are still far from imminent because of the real difficulty of blocking their action in vivo, even in a chronic, progressive lesion such as Dupuytren’s disease. Consequently, surgical excision of the palmar fascia still remains the treatment of choice.