Search results for "epidermal growth factor"
showing 10 items of 227 documents
Probabilistic classification of intracranial gliomas in digital microscope images based on EGFR quantity
2009
A glioma is a type of cancer occurring, in the majority of cases, in the brain. The World Health Organization (WHO) assigns a grade from I to IV to this tumor, with I being the least aggressive and IV being the most aggressive. In glioma cells of grade IV the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFRs) are over expressed. In this paper we hypothesize that this overexpression occurs also for gliomas of grades I to III. Moreover, we present a medical study aiming to determine the correlation between the WHO classification and the EGFR quantity in glioma tissue. We define five quantity classes for EGFR. First, results of immunohistochemical staining on brain glioma slices, which visualize the EG…
Synthesis of Triazenoazaindoles: a New Class of Triazenes with Antitumor Activity
2011
Despite improvements in the treatment and prevention of cancer, the number of new diagnoses continues to rise; this has fuelled substantial interest in the development of new and effective chemotherapeutic agents. Compounds of the triazene class, such as dacarbazine, have been used in the clinical management of many cancer types including brain, leukemia, and melanoma. A new compound class bearing a triazenoazaindole scaffold was synthesized with the aim of identifying new antiproliferative agents. Compounds 5 a-g and 6 a-c were screened against a panel of human tumor cell lines, and two of them, 5 e and 5 f, showed cytotoxicity (GI(50) range: 2.2-8.2 μM) in all cell lines. These two compou…
Inhibition of intrinsic protein tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-receptor kinase complex from human breast cancer cells by the marine sponge metabolit…
1990
1. (+)-Aeroplysinin-1, a naturally occurring tyrosine metabolite from the marine sponge Verongia aerophoba, was found to inhibit the phosphorylation of lipocortin-like proteins by a highly purified preparation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-tyrosine protein kinase complex from MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. 2. (+)-Aeroplysinin-1 blocked the EGF-dependent proliferation of both MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells and inhibited the ligand-induced endocytosis of the EGF receptor in vitro. 3. Treatment with aeroplysinin-1 in the concentration range at 0.25-0.5 microM resulted in a time- and dose-dependent total tumor cell death in vitro. 4. At a 10-fold higher concentration…
The Long and Winding Road to Useful Predictive Factors for Anti-EGFR Therapy in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma: The KRAS/BRAF Pathway
2010
Monoclonal antibodies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have improved outcomes for patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Among patients not carrying activating mutations in the KRAS gene, only a limited number will experience tumor response to these therapeutic agents. The role of BRAF mutations in determining resistance to this treatment is emerging through preclinical and clinical studies. Standardization and validation of laboratory mutation analysis is needed to allow an optimal use of anti-EGFR therapies in the management of colorectal carcinoma. Clinical single-arm and randomized studies were conducted both in first-line and refractory settings to evaluate…
The host defence peptide LL-37/hCAP-18 is a growth factor for lung cancer cells
2007
Cancer development can be viewed as dysregulated repair. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effector molecules of the innate immune system with direct antimicrobial activity. Beside this host defence function several AMPs play a role in the regulation of inflammation and tissue repair. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the human cathelicidin AMP LL-37/hCAP-18 is involved in the biology of lung cancer. Human cancer cell lines were found to express the human cathelicidin LL-37/hCAP-18 mRNA and peptide at different levels. Immunohistochemistry of human lung cancers showed that the peptide is expressed mostly in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Application of exo…
Epithelial-mesenchymal communication in the pathogenesis of chronic asthma.
2005
Although Th-2-mediated inflammation is a key therapeutic target in asthma, its relationship to altered structure and functions of the airways is largely unknown. In addition to inflammation, asthma is a disorder involving the airway epithelium that is more vulnerable to environmental injury and responds to this by impaired healing. This establishes a chronic wound scenario that is capable of sustaining chronic inflammation as well as remodeling. This response occurs as a consequence of activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal unit, involving reciprocal activities of growth factors belonging to the fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and transforming growth factor-beta familie…
Moving osimertinib to first-line: the right “strategy” in the chessboard of epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small cell lung cancer?
2018
In the N Engl J Med , Soria and colleagues have recently reported the results of the phase III randomized FLAURA trial (1), comparing osimertinib with first generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) gefitinib or erlotinib in treatment-naive patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and activating EGFR -mutations.
Age-dependent regulation of antioxidant genes by p38α MAPK in the liver
2018
p38α is a redox sensitive MAPK activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental, genotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses. The aim of this work was to assess whether p38α controls the antioxidant defense in the liver, and if so, to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved and the age-related changes. For this purpose, we used liver-specific p38α-deficient mice at two different ages: young-mice (4 months-old) and old-mice (24 months-old). The liver of young p38α knock-out mice exhibited a decrease in GSH levels and an increase in GSSG/GSH ratio and malondialdehyde levels. However, old mice deficient in p38α had higher hepatic GSH levels and lower GSSG/GSH ratio than young p38α knock-…
Caveolin-1, breast cancer and ionizing radiation
2015
Breast cancer (BC) recovery has increased in recent years thanks to efforts of Omics-based research in this field. However, despite the important results obtained, BC remains a complex multifactorial pathology that is difficult to treat appropriately. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), the basic constituent protein of specialized plasma membrane invaginations called caveolae, is emerging as a potential therapeutic biomarker in BC. This factor may modulate BC response to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In addition, recent reports describe the key role of CAV1 during cell response to oxidative stress. The aim of the present review was to describe the biological roles of CAV1 in BC considering its contras…
Antagonistic feedback loops involving Rau and Sprouty in the Drosophila eye control neuronal and glial differentiation.
2013
During development, differentiation is often initiated by the activation of different receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which results in the tightly regulated activation of cytoplasmic signaling cascades. In the differentiation of neurons and glia in the developing Drosophila eye, we found that the proper intensity of RTK signaling downstream of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) or epidermal growth factor receptor required two mutually antagonistic feedback loops. We identified a positive feedback loop mediated by the Ras association (RA) domain-containing protein Rau that sustained Ras activity and counteracted the negative feedback loop mediated by Sprouty. Rau has two RA domains t…