Search results for "epitope(s)"
showing 10 items of 254 documents
Agonist and antagonist-dependent internalization of the human vasopressin V2 receptor.
1998
Abstract In this report we demonstrate that in HEK293 cells stably expressing the human V2vasopressin receptor, ligand-induced internalization of the hormone receptor occurs via the clathrin-dependent pathway. Studies of receptor trafficking either by direct visualization of the V2receptor by confocal microscopy or binding experiments show a rapid internalization (half-time 6–7 min). Blocking of the clathrin-dependent pathway by hypertonic sucrose increased vasopressin-induced cellular cAMP production and decreased the desensitization of the V2receptor–adenylyl cyclase system. Thus, internalization appears to be a major regulatory mechanism terminating vasopressin action in HEK293 cells. Tw…
The Efficacy of Antigen Processing Is Critical for Protection against Cytomegalovirus Disease in the Presence of Viral Immune Evasion Proteins▿
2009
ABSTRACT Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) code for immunoevasins, glycoproteins that are specifically dedicated to interfere with the presentation of antigenic peptides to CD8 T cells. Nonetheless, the biological outcome is not an immune evasion of the virus, since CD8 T cells can control CMV infection even when immunoevasins are expressed. Here, we compare the processing of a protective and a nonprotective epitope derived from the same viral protein, the antiapoptotic protein M45 in the murine model. The data provide evidence to conclude that protection against CMVs critically depends on antigenic peptides generated in an amount sufficient to exhaust the inhibitory capacity of immunoevasins.
Immunogenic hotspots in the spacer domain of ADAMTS13 in immune‐mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
2021
International audience; Background Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is caused by anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies inducing a severe deficiency of ADAMTS13. Epitope mapping studies on samples obtained during acute iTTP episodes have shown that the iTTP immune response is polyclonal, with almost all patients having autoantibodies targeting the spacer domain of ADAMTS13.Objectives To identify the immunogenic hotspots in the spacer domain of ADAMTS13.Patients/methods A library of 11 full-length ADAMTS13 spacer hybrids was created in which amino acid regions of the spacer domain of ADAMTS13 were exchanged by the corresponding region of the spacer domain of ADAMTS1. Next, th…
Identification of glucan-mannoprotein complexes in the cell wall of Candida albicans using a monoclonal antibody that reacts with a (1,6)- -glucan ep…
1995
The use of a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) that reacts with (1,6)-beta-glucan has permitted the study of the different covalent linkages between glucan and mannoproteins in the cell wall of Candida albicans. The mAb JRR1 was originally raised by immunization with Zymolyase extracts from C. albicans cell walls, but it soon became apparent that it reacted with a (1,6)-beta-glucan epitope. By using this antibody, we show the existence of glucan-mannoprotein complexes between the (1,6)-beta-glucan epitope recognized by the antibody and cell wall mannoproteins. The topology of the (1,6)-beta-glucan in the cell wall of C. albicans has also been studied.
Immunoaffinity purification and characterization of mitochondrial membrane-bound D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase from Jaculus orientalis.
2008
Abstract Background The interconversion of two important energy metabolites, 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate (the major ketone bodies), is catalyzed by D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH1: EC 1.1.1.30), a NAD+-dependent enzyme. The eukaryotic enzyme is bound to the mitochondrial inner membrane and harbors a unique lecithin-dependent activity. Here, we report an advanced purification method of the mammalian BDH applied to the liver enzyme from jerboa (Jaculus orientalis), a hibernating rodent adapted to extreme diet and environmental conditions. Results Purifying BDH from jerboa liver overcomes its low specific activity in mitochondria for further biochemical characterization of the e…
Prediction of Specific TCR-Peptide Binding From Large Dictionaries of TCR-Peptide Pairs
2019
Abstract The T cell repertoire is composed of T cell receptors (TCR) selected by their cognate MHC-peptides and naive TCR that do not bind known peptides. While the task of distinguishing a peptide-binding TCR from a naive TCR unlikely to bind any peptide can be performed using sequence motifs, distinguishing between TCRs binding different peptides requires more advanced methods. Such a prediction is the key for using TCR repertoires as disease-specific biomarkers. We here used large scale TCR-peptide dictionaries with state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) methods to produce ERGO (pEptide tcR matchinG predictiOn), a highly specific classifier to predict which TCR binds to which…
Quantitative Prediction of the Landscape of T Cell Epitope Immunogenicity in Sequence Space
2019
Immunodominant T cell epitopes preferentially targeted in multiple individuals are the critical element of successful vaccines and targeted immunotherapies. However, the underlying principles of this "convergence" of adaptive immunity among different individuals remain poorly understood. To quantitatively describe epitope immunogenicity, here we propose a supervised machine learning framework generating probabilistic estimates of immunogenicity, termed "immunogenicity scores," based on the numerical features computed through sequence-based simulation approximating the molecular scanning process of peptides presented onto major histocompatibility complex (MHC) by the human T cell receptor (T…
The affinities of monoclonal antibodies against core antigen of hepatitis B virus
1994
Four monoclonal antibodies generated against the recombinant core antigen of hepatitis B virus are investigated for antigen binding. All exhibit a similar affinity to polystyrene-sorbed antigen but only one of them interacts with native form of HBcAg (an assembled particle) in solution. The presence of 0.1% sodium dodecylsulphate is required for the binding of other three antibodies. The phenomenon can be interpreted as inaccessibility of the corresponding epitopes unless the multimeric antigen structure is disrupted. The core antigen coated on polystyrene is considered as a similar exposed structure.
Monoclonal antibody 3H8: A useful tool in the diagnosis of candidiasis
1999
In a previous series of experiments six mAbs were obtained against cell wall extracts of Candida albicans ATCC 26555. After several studies only one of them, designated 3H8, has been used to produce a commercial kit for the rapid diagnosis of candidiasis, Bichro-latex albicans (Fomouze Diagnostics). The present study involved the generation and characterization of this mAb as an immunoglobulin G1 which recognizes mannoproteins of high molecular mass present in the C. albicans cell wall. ELISA assays showed that the presence of the epitope recognized by mAb 3H8 was similar in both yeast and mycelial cell walls of C. albicans, in contrast to the epitope for mAb 1B12, which is mainly expressed…
Analysis of liver-specific protein LSP using murine monoclonal antibodies.
1987
. We describe twenty murine monoclonal antibodies directed against different antigenic determinants of human and rabbit liver-specific protein LSP. Among them, nine were directed against liver-specific epitopes as judged from immunohistological studies. Immunoelectronmicroscopy revealed that seven of these monoclonals recognized membrane determinants differing in staining of distinct areas of the hepatocellular surface. Eleven antibodies were directed against intracellular structures. Western blot analysis showed that the epitopes detected were displayed on either single or multiple protein bands with apparent molecular weights between 24 000 and 60 000. Further differences were observed wi…