Search results for "epression"
showing 10 items of 1868 documents
Glottal Source Features for Automatic Speech-Based Depression Assessment
2017
Depression is one of the most prominent mental disorders, with an increasing rate that makes it the fourth cause of disability worldwide. The field of automated depression assessment has emerged to aid clinicians in the form of a decision support system. Such a system could assist as a pre-screening tool, or even for monitoring high risk populations. Related work most commonly involves multimodal approaches, typically combining audio and visual signals to identify depression presence and/or severity. The current study explores categorical assessment of depression using audio features alone. Specifically, since depression-related vocal characteristics impact the glottal source signal, we exa…
Automatic Processing of Changes in Facial Emotions in Dysphoria: A Magnetoencephalography Study
2018
It is not known to what extent the automatic encoding and change detection of peripherally presented facial emotion is altered in dysphoria. The negative bias in automatic face processing in particular has rarely been studied. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to record automatic brain responses to happy and sad faces in dysphoric (Beck’s Depression Inventory ≥ 13) and control participants. Stimuli were presented in a passive oddball condition, which allowed potential negative bias in dysphoria at different stages of face processing (M100, M170, and M300) and alterations of change detection (visual mismatch negativity, vMMN) to be investigated. The magnetic counterpart of the vMMN was el…
Brain Functional Effects of Psychopharmacological Treatment in Major Depression: A Focus on Neural Circuitry of Affective Processing
2015
In the last two decades, neuroimaging research has reached a much deeper understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of major depression (MD) and has converged on functional alterations in limbic and prefrontal neural networks, which are mainly linked to altered emotional processing observed in MD patients. To date, a considerable number of studies have sought to investigate how these neural networks change with pharmacological antidepressant treatment. In the current review, we therefore discuss results from a) pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies investigating the effects of selective serotonin or noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors on neural activation…
Exploring Oscillatory Dysconnectivity Networks in Major Depression During Resting State Using Coupled Tensor Decomposition
2022
Dysconnectivity of large-scale brain networks has been linked to major depression disorder (MDD) during resting state. Recent researches show that the temporal evolution of brain networks regulated by oscillations reveals novel mechanisms and neural characteristics of MDD. Our study applied a novel coupled tensor decomposition model to investigate the dysconnectivity networks characterized by spatio-temporal-spectral modes of covariation in MDD using resting electroencephalography. The phase lag index is used to calculate the functional connectivity within each time window at each frequency bin. Then, two adjacency tensors with the dimension of time frequency connectivity subject are constr…
Exploring the use of Vibroacoustic treatment for managing chronic pain and comorbid mood disorders : A mixed methods study
2019
Introduction: Chronic pain is a worldwide issue with common comorbidities of depression and anxiety, altogether inhibiting one’s personal relationships and capability to work. Music has long been used as a means to improve pain and mood, and the tactile application of music has shown promising and beneficial results for the treatment of both psychological and physical symptoms. VA treatment uses low frequency sinusoidal sound vibration (20-120Hz) supported by client-preferred music listening and therapeutic interaction. Methods: Using mixed methods, this study addresses the addition of a self-care VA intervention to maintain the effects of practitioner-led VA treatments and to increase pati…
Early sudden gains in an acceptance and values-based intervention: Effects on treatment outcome for depression and psychological flexibility
2018
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to explore early temporal patterns of change in a treatment delivered by novice therapists. We examined if early sudden gains (ESGs) in a six-session acceptance and values-based intervention would produce superior treatment outcomes when compared to slower improvements. Method The temporal patterns of change of 56 clients diagnosed with depression were analyzed. ESGs were defined as reaching the status of recovered or improved in the Reliable Change Index (RCI) (Jacobson & Truax (1991)) classification after two sessions. The group with ESGs was then compared to participants without ESGs for differences in treatment outcome on measures of symptoma…
The role of thought suppression and psychological inflexibility in older family caregivers’ psychological symptoms and quality of life
2021
Abstract Background Family caregivers often report high levels of distress, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, and reduced quality of life. There is a need for a greater understanding of the factors influencing, explaining, and maintaining psychological distress in family caregivers. Aim The aim of this study was to examine whether avoidance strategies such as thought suppression (WBSI), psychological inflexibility (AAQ-II), and, and caregiver experiential avoidance (EACQ) predict psychological distress (BDI-II, GAD-7) and quality of life (WHOQOL) in family caregivers aged 60 and over. We hypothesized that these avoidance strategies would explain elevated levels of psychological sympto…
A brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention for depression : A randomized controlled trial with 3-year follow-up for the intervention group
2018
Abstract Objective This study examined the outcomes of a brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for depression delivered by novice therapists. Method Participants (N = 115) were randomized either to the brief (six sessions) ACT or to a waitlist control condition (WLC). Outcomes were assessed with diagnoses of depressive episodes (ICD-10) and questionnaires. Results After the 6-week intervention, diagnostic remission rates were 60% in the ACT and 22% in the control group. Further, 70% of the ACT participants were classified as either recovered or improved. The post-measurement between-group effect size for depression symptoms was large and favored the ACT group (BDI-II, d…
What happens after five years?: The long-term effects of a four-session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy delivered by student therapists for depress…
2017
Brief interventions can be viable treatment options worth consideration in addressing the growing need for treatments of subclinical and clinical depressive symptoms. However, there is uncertainty regarding the long-term benefits of these interventions. The aim was to examine the long-term (5-year) effects of a 4-session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for low mood delivered by novice therapists in order to see whether lasting effects could be achieved cost-effectively with four intervention sessions. Originally, 57 self-referred clients were randomized into two groups: an intervention group and a waiting-list control group which received treatment later. The groups wer…
Predicting response to interpersonal counselling (IPC) from case formulation : a systematic comparison between recovered and unchanged depressive cas…
2019
We sought to explore how the process between the counsellor and patient for arriving at a case formulation may predict the outcome of manualized interpersonal counselling (IPC) for depression in primary care. Qualitative content analysis and applied conversation analysis (CA) were used to achieve depth in the understanding of case formulation process among five patients who recovered and five who were unchanged according to quantitative post-treatment change rates derived from Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation– Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). Interaction in the case formulations for the recovered group was generally characterized by a joint construction effort between the counsellor and th…