Search results for "equality"
showing 10 items of 1338 documents
The three wives problem and Shapley value
2015
We examine the Talmudic three wives problem, which is a generalization of the Talmudic contested garment problem solved by Aumann and Maschler (1985) using coalitional procedure. This problem has many practical applications. In an attempt to unify all Talmudic methods, Guiasu (2010, 2011) asserts that it can be explained in terms of “run-to-the-bank”, that is, of Shapley value in a “cumulative game”. It can be challenged because the coalitional procedure yields the same result as the nucleolus, which corresponds to a “dual game”. As Guiasu's solution is paradoxical (it has all the appearances of truth), my contribution consists in explaining the concepts, particularly truncation, that play …
Recensione del volume “Lidia e altre. Pari opportunità ieri e oggi: l’eredità di Lidia Poët”, di Chiara Viale, Milano 2022
2022
The story of Lidia Poet, the first woman registered in the Register of Lawyers in Italy is linked to the events of the promotion of gender equality sanctioned by Art. 51th of the Italian Constitution. It testifies to the long path towards equal opportunities.
Trans Justice Fights Trans Moral Panic
2022
Between the summer of 2019 and the summer of 2021, a violent discussion about trans rights took place in Spain. This paper argues that the discussion can be understood as an instance of ‘social problems work’, more specifically as part of a moral crusade or a moral panic episode. Implicit in this is the idea that there has been an over-reaction to trans recognition and trans equality laws, publicly presented as a major social problem. This paper also provides legal arguments against the fears voiced in the discussion, by summarizing relevant ECHR case-law that agrees with an alternative feminist account of trans rights that de-pathologizes gender-identity self-determination. The paper thus …
Body size at birth and age-related macular degeneration in old age
2019
Purpose To study associations between body size at birth and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in old age. Methods The study sample consists of 1497 community-dwelling individuals (56.1% women) aged 67-89 years with birth data and retinal data collected twice in old age 5 years apart. Birth data (weight, length, birth order) were extracted from original birth records. Digital retinal photographs were graded to determine AMD status. Data on covariates were collected at the baseline physical examination in old age. Multivariable regression analyses were used to study the association between birth data and AMD adjusting for known confounding factors, including birth year cohort effects. R…
Analysis of Conflict Datasets and Indicators: The Case of the “Arab Spring”
2017
This chapter contains an analysis of selected indicators of legitimacy, human rights and inequality, as well as information about conflict events for eight African countries affected by the Arab Spring, namely Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Sudan, and Tunisia. The analyses described in this chapter allowed the determination of plausible estimates for input parameters such as legitimacy and welfare inequality, as well as patterns of size, duration and recurrence of conflict events in these countries. These results were used for setting the values of the input parameters, and for analyzing the plausibility of the solutions in the exploration of the agent-based model describ…
Measuring economic inequality in Southern Europe: the Iberian Peninsula in the 14th-17th centuries
2020
This work explores the inequality of wealth in Spain during the late Middle Ages from six cities located in the kingdoms of Castile (Seville) and the Crown of Aragon (Barcelona, Valencia, Mallorca, Castelló and Valls), through tax sources that inform about the wealth of each taxpayer. These records provide very precise data on the wealth distribution that allow us to study inequality in an aggregate manner for the same city and, at the same time, perform sectoral analyses according to gender, different socio-professio¬nal groups and urban districts.
Global connectedness in higher education : student voices on the value of cross-cultural learning dialogue
2015
The study explores how sense of global connectedness can be enhanced by creating opportunities for cross-cultural dialogue in higher education. Thematic analysis of randomly selected 15 learning journals, students’ reflections on their learning during an international seminar was used to identify students’ significant learning experiences. The results emphasise the added value of diversity (geographical, disciplinary, cultural and social) among students, faculty and invited presenters for creating meaningful learning. Furthermore, they suggest that designing an integrated approach of contents, contexts and activities for critical engagement in global dialogue and knowledge generation in hig…
Some remarks on nonlinear elliptic problems involving Hardy potentials
2007
In this note we prove an Hardy type inequality with a remainder term, where the potential depends only on a group of variables. Such a result allows us to show the existence of entropy solutions to a class of elliptic P.D.E.'s.
La disuguaglianza socio-economica della salute come indicatore di benessere sociale
2016
Obiettivo: Misurare il benessere sociale attraverso l’utilizzo della disuguaglianza socioeconomica della salute percepita dalle famiglie italiane e quantificare i contributi dei determinanti della salute alla disuguaglianza misurata. Materiali e metodi: Sono utilizzati i dati dell’indagine Istat sulle condizioni di vita (UDB IT-SILC), componente longitudinale. L’analisi è effettuata su un sotto-campione di 11.543 individui e 12 variabili, ottenuto dopo aver eliminato i dati mancanti per la variabile reddito e per le altre variabili rilevanti per la salute. E’ applicato il modello di regressione probit ordinale, per ottenere una misura continua della variabile salute, l’indice di concentrazi…
Measuring equity in health: a normative decomposition
2011
This paper proposes a new approach to the measurement of equality of opportunity in health, based on the path independent Atkinson index of equality. The proposed decomposition is applied both to the ex-ante and the ex-post methodologies recently adopted by the literature. The approach is applied to the measurement of equality of opportunity in health using ten waves of the British Household Panel Survey. Results confirm that socioeconomic background is an important factor determining individual health in adulthood while the incidence of equality of opportunity is around one third of the overall equality according to a substantial stable pattern over years. Our findings also depict that dif…