Search results for "equality"

showing 10 items of 1338 documents

A unified residual-based thermodynamic framework for strain gradient theories of plasticity

2011

Abstract A unified thermodynamic framework for gradient plasticity theories in small deformations is provided, which is able to accommodate (almost) all existing strain gradient plasticity theories. The concept of energy residual (the long range power density transferred to the generic particle from the surrounding material and locally spent to sustain some extra plastic power) plays a crucial role. An energy balance principle for the extra plastic power leads to a representation formula of the energy residual in terms of a long range stress, typically of the third order, a macroscopic counterpart of the micro-forces acting on the GNDs (Geometrically Necessary Dislocations). The insulation …

Mechanical EngineeringConstitutive equationMechanicsPlasticityClausius–Duhem inequalityDissipationClassical mechanicsMechanics of MaterialsVariational principleDissipative systemGeneral Materials ScienceBoundary value problemMathematicsFree energy principleInternational Journal of Plasticity
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Strain-gradient elastic-plastic material models and assessment of the higher order boundary conditions

2007

Abstract A gradient elastic material model exhibiting gradient kinematic and isotropic hardening is addressed within a thermodynamic framework suitable to cope with nonlocal-type continua. The Clausius–Duhem inequality is used, in conjunction with the concepts of energy residual, insulation condition and locality recovery condition, to derive all the pertinent restrictions upon the constitutive equations, including the PDEs and the related higher order (HO) boundary conditions that govern the gradient material behaviour. Through a suitable limiting procedure, the HO boundary conditions are shown to interpret the action, upon the body's boundary surface, of idealized extra HO constraints cap…

Mechanical EngineeringTraction (engineering)Mathematical analysisConstitutive equationGeneral Physics and AstronomyBoundary (topology)Mixed boundary conditionClausius–Duhem inequalityBoundary conditions in CFDMechanics of MaterialsGeneral Materials ScienceCalculus of variationsBoundary value problemMathematicsEuropean Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids
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The usefulness of the ICF framework in goal setting for students with autism spectrum disorder

2019

AbstractAn Individualized Education Plan (IEP) is a multi-disciplinary, team-developed plan that is required for a child receiving special education services. IEPs are tools for setting objectives that are responsive to students with special needs. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a hierarchical classification for human functioning and disability developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The ICF classification can be used as a structural and conceptual instrument in goal setting. In this study the educational IEP objectives of five Finnish students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are examined within the ICF framework. The focus is i…

Medical educationGoal orientationbusiness.industry4. Education05 social sciences050301 educationUsabilityPlan (drawing)medicine.diseaseSpecial educationEducationAutism spectrum disordermedicineAutism0501 psychology and cognitive sciences10. No inequalityPsychologybusiness0503 educationGoal setting050104 developmental & child psychologyJournal of International Special Needs Education
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Contents of the Sexual and Reproductive Health Subject in the Undergraduate Nursing Curricula of Spanish Universities, a Cross Sectional Study

2021

Background: Nursing students must receive adequate training in Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH), which could allow them to acquire sufficient knowledge to solve the future SRH needs of everyone. In this study, the contents of the SRH subject in the undergraduate nursing curricula of 77 Spanish universities were examined to determine what SRH training nursing students are receiving. Methods: The contents of the SRH subject of all the curricula that were available online were reviewed. The distribution of the contents (topics) in the two areas (reproductive health and sexual health) was analyzed, and the prevalence of each topic was established. It was also determined whether there were d…

Medical educationInequalityUndergraduate nursingCross-sectional studybusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationSubject (documents)nursing_health_studiesAffect (psychology)body regionsNurse educationPsychologybusinessCurriculummedia_commonReproductive health
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“Ageism” Is Associated With Self-Reported Multidimensional Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Subjects: A Population-Based Study

2022

Ageism is a stereotyping, prejudice and discrimination against people, based on age. Ageism may impact the quality of life and the care of older people, a problem that can be greater when the older person is “frail.” However, few studies explored the role of frailty as a factor related to ageism. The aim of this study was to assess the association between perceived age discrimination (PAD), i.e., ageism, and multidimensional frailty in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults. We enrolled 1,337 community-dwelling subjects over-65 years that filled out a structured questionnaire to collect psycho-socio-economic and behavioral information. Multidimensional frailty was assessed by the SELFY…

Medicine (General)frailtyGeneral MedicineAgeism; frailty; older people; Inequalityperceived age discrimination self-assessed frailty multidimensional prognostic index older epidemiologymultidimensional prognostic indexAgeismolder peopleR5-920Inequalityself-assessed frailtyolderperceived age discriminationepidemiologyFrontiers in Medicine
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Chronic Poverty in European Mediterranean Countries

2013

This chapter investigates the characteristics of chronic poverty among youth in Southern European countries. These countries have the highest levels of poverty in Europe and welfare systems unable to smooth social inequalities effectively. The main aim of this chapter is to investigate on how long-lasting poor among the Mediterranean youth differs in socio-demographic and economic characteristics. The intensity of poverty over time is measured by a very recent longitudinal poverty index based on the rationale of cumulative hardship. We tested the effects of many covariates on the incidence and intensity of chronic poverty, controlling for main socio-demographic and economic characteristics,…

Mediterranean climateEconomic growthIndex (economics)Povertymedia_common.quotation_subjectChronic povertySettore SECS-S/04 - DemografiaInertial effectEconomicsSocial inequalityDemographic economicsSettore SECS-S/05 - Statistica SocialeWelfarechronic poverty index ZINB model young adults initial conditionsmedia_common
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Investigating the effects of musical training on functional brain development with a novel Melodic MMN paradigm.

2013

Sensitivity to changes in various musical features was investigated by recording the mismatch negativity (MMN) auditory event-related potential (ERP) in musically trained and nontrained children semi-longitudinally at the ages of 9, 11, and 13 years. The responses were recorded using a novel Melodic multi-feature paradigm which allows fast (<15 min) recording of an MMN profile for changes in melody, rhythm, musical key, timbre, tuning and timing. When compared to the nontrained children, the musically trained children displayed enlarged MMNs for the melody modulations by the age 13 and for the rhythm modulations, timbre deviants and slightly mistuned tones already at the age of 11. Also, a …

MelodyMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentCognitive NeuroscienceeducationMismatch negativityExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyMusicalAudiologyElectroencephalographybehavioral disciplines and activitiesBehavioral NeuroscienceFunctional brainRhythmGroup differencesmedicineHumansLongitudinal Studies10. No inequalityChildCommunicationmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryBrainElectroencephalographyhumanitiesAcoustic StimulationAuditory PerceptionEvoked Potentials AuditoryFemalebusinessPsychologyTimbreNeuroscienceMusicNeurobiology of learning and memory
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Mental health problems in adolescents with cochlear implants: Peer problems persist after controlling for additional handicaps

2015

The aims of the present multi-center study were to investigate the extent of mental health problems in adolescents with a hearing loss and cochlear implants (CIs) in comparison to normal hearing (NH) peers and to investigate possible relations between the extent of mental health problems of young CI users and hearing variables, such as age at implantation, or functional gain of CI. The survey included 140 adolescents with CI (mean age = 14.7, SD = 1.5 years) and 140 NH adolescents (mean age = 14.8, SD = 1.4 years), their parents and teachers. Participants were matched by age, gender and social background. Within the CI group, 35 adolescents were identified as “risk cases” due to possible an…

Mental Health ProblemsSocial backgroundHearing losslcsh:BF1-990multi handicapSpecial needsDisease clusterSpeech in noiseDevelopmental psychologySDQmedicinePsychologyadolescents10. No inequalityHearing LossGeneral PsychologyOriginal Researchbusiness.industry4. EducationPeer problemsMean agemulti-center studyStrengths and Difficulties QuestionnaireMental healthcochlear implants; adolescents; hearing loss; multi handicap; mental health problems; SDQ; peer problems; multi-center studyCochlear Implantslcsh:Psychologymedicine.symptombusinessClinical psychologyFrontiers in Psychology
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Joint reality and Bell inequalities for consecutive measurements

2006

Some new Bell inequalities for consecutive measurements are deduced under joint realism assumption, using some perfect correlation property. No locality condition is needed. When the measured system is a macroscopic system, joint realism assumption substitutes the non-invasive hypothesis advantageously, provided that the system satisfies the perfect correlation property. The new inequalities are violated quantically. This violation can be expected to be more severe than in the case of precedent temporal Bell inequalities. Some microscopic and mesoscopic situations, in which the new inequalities could be tested, are roughly considered.

Mesoscopic physicsQuantum PhysicsProperty (philosophy)Inequalitymedia_common.quotation_subjectLocalityFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum PhysicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Mathematical economicsJoint (geology)RealismMathematicsmedia_common
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Historicising Cultural Sport Psychology : Dare we De-centre Methodological Eurocentrism?

2021

In this essay we critically reflect on our respective journeys to and within cultural sport psychology (CSP). Since the inception, CSP scholars have advocated for opening the privileged academic space for marginalised voices and omitted subject themes; as well as cautioned researchers that the CSP project itself needs to be constantly revisited and reworked to keep it in progressive flux. We argue that, despite some notable advances, CSP remains a predominantly white Anglo-American intellec-tual space and that previous calls to engage with issues of power and privilege in the prevailing knowledge production have been largely unanswered. The lack of diverse voices within the CSP community ma…

Methodological Decolonisationlänsimainen kulttuuriSubject (philosophy)Space (commercial competition)Power (social and political)Social JusticeIdentityPsychologyidentiteettiSociologyJusticia socialDescolonización metodológicaEurocentrismvaltarakenteetWhite (horse)metodologiaSign (semiotics)Gender studieskäytäntöMethodological decolonisationSport psychologysosiaalinen oikeudenmukaisuusPraxis culturalIdentidadBF1-990liikuntapsykologiaCultural praxisPsychology (miscellaneous)dekolonisaatioSocial justiceCultural PraxisPrivilege (social inequality)
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