Search results for "ergonomics"

Work at home and time use in Finland

2011

This study examines the relationship between home-based work (HBW) and time use by comparing unpaid (overtime) home workers, paid (agreed) home workers and non-home workers. Especially, unpaid HBW was linked to the stretching of working hours and the reduction of free time.

User-oriented evaluation of mechanical single-channel axial pipettes.

2013

Hand tools should be designed so that they are comfortable to use, fit the hand and are user-oriented. Six different manual, single-channel axial pipettes were evaluated for such objective outcomes as muscular activity, wrist postures and efficiency, as well as for subjective outcomes concerning self-assessed features of pipette usability and musculoskeletal strain. Ten experienced laboratory employees volunteered for the study. The results showed that light and short pipettes with better tool comfort resulted in reduced muscular activity and perceived musculoskeletal strain when they were compared with a long and heavy pipette. There were no differences in the efficiency between the differ…

Pop-Up Windows and Information Retrieval

1997

Communication affichée; International audience; Paralinguistics organizers such as parenthesis, footnotes, and pop-up fields on screen, should play an important role signalling the writer's “minimization” intention when secondary points are concerned. This experiment investigated the role of pop-up fields compared to brackets in an information retrieval task. The results showed that, in this kind of task, putting secondary pieces of information into pop-up fields significantly speeded the search process compared to a condition in which the same information was displayed in brackets.

Interactive devices for faster access to information: navigation system for digital documents

2008

This article presents a step towards the inclusion of a preview control with established tactile interactive devices, such as the computer mouse and touch pad. It describes the origins of the device and its likely advantages in terms of ease of use and faster data retrieval as, for example, when a page previously consulted needs to be accessed again. The article limits itself to the contribution made by the device towards the consultation of digital documents, in particular on Internet sites. The device presented below makes it possible to leaf through a whole digital document from one and the same screen without mouse clicks. It can be used directly, by means of a command integrated into t…

Analyse du partage d'informations contextuelles dans deux formes d'interaction sportives : coopérative et concurrentielle

2009

RESUME Plusieurs etudes ont souligne l’importance du partage d’informations contextuelles lors de tâches cooperatives. S’inspirant de la notion de contexte partage, notre etude visait a preciser le partage d’informations contextuelles dans deux formes d’interaction en tennis de table : une cooperative et une concurrentielle. Afin de reconstruire le partage d’informations contextuelles du point de vue des acteurs, cette etude a ete menee en reference au cadre theorique et methodologique du cours d’action (Theureau, 1992). Elle a permis : a) d’identifier trois formes typiques de partage des informations contextuelles ; et b) de preciser les processus regulant le partage de ces informations et…

Cognition collective : Partage de préoccupations entre les joueurs d'une équipe de basketball au cours d'un match

2011

Resume Notre etude s’est attachee a analyser la construction de l’activite collective en s’interessant au partage des preoccupations entre les partenaires d’une equipe lors d’un match de basket-ball. Elle a ete menee en reference au cadre theorique et methodologique du cours d’action (Theureau, 2006). Elle a caracterise la nature des preoccupations individuelles des joueurs et les formes d’agencement de ces preoccupations au sein de l’equipe au cours du temps. Les resultats ont mis en evidence deux dynamiques d’apparition des moments de convergence des preoccupations en relation avec la nature de ce qui est partage par les joueurs. Sont discutees la relation entre preoccupations partagees e…

Preliminary evaluation of an analog procedure to assess acceptability of intimate partner violence against women: The Partner Violence Acceptability …

2015

Acceptability of partner violence against women is a risk factor linked to its perpetration, and to public, professionals’ and victims’ responses to this behavior. Research on the acceptability of violence in intimate partner relationships is, however, limited by reliance solely on self-reports that often provide distorted or socially desirable accounts that may misrepresent respondents’ true attitudes. This study presents data on the development and initial validation of a new analog task assessing respondents’ acceptability of physical violence toward women in intimate relationships: the Partner Violence Acceptability Movie task (PVAM). This new analog task is intended to provide a more i…

Performance analysis in sport: Contributions from a joint analysis of athletes’ experience and biomechanical indicators

2011

The purpose of this study was to test the usefulness of combining two types of analysis to investigate sports performance with the aim of optimizing it. These two types of analysis correspond to two levels of athletes’ activity: (a) their experiences during performance and (b) the biomechanical characteristics of their movements. Rowing served as an illustration, and the activity of one female crew member was studied during a race. Three types of data were collected: (a) audiovisual data recorded during the race; (b) verbalization data obtained in interviews conducted afterward; and (c) biomechanical data. The courses of experience of the two rowers during the race were reconstructed on the…

Supporting Identity Development in Talented Youth Athletes: Insights from Existential and Cultural Psychological Approaches

2020

The purpose of this article is to present existential and cultural psychology approaches to understanding athlete identity, and offer strategies for the development of well-rounded, reflexive and s...

2021

In this review, state-of-the-art evidence on the relationship between cannabis use, traffic crash risks, and driving safety were analyzed. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other relevant papers published within the last decade were systematically searched and synthesized. Findings show that meta-analyses and culpability studies consistently indicate a slightly but significantly increased risk of crashes after acute cannabis use. These risks vary across included study type, crash severity, and method of substance application and measurement. Some studies show a significant correlation between high THC blood concentrations and car crash risk. Most studies do not support this relationshi…