Search results for "erilaistuminen"

Divergent parasite infections in sympatric cichlid species in Lake Victoria

2018

Parasitism has been proposed as a factor in host speciation, as an agent affecting coexistence of host species in species-rich communities and as a driver of post-speciation diversification. Young adaptive radiations of closely related host species of varying ecological and genomic differentiation provide interesting opportunities to explore interactions between patterns of parasitism, divergence and coexistence of sympatric host species. Here, we explored patterns in ectoparasitism in a community of 16 fully sympatric cichlid species at Makobe Island in Lake Victoria, a model system of vertebrate adaptive radiation. We asked whether host niche, host abundance or host genetic differentiatio…

Gene expression in TGFbeta-induced epithelial cell differentiation in a three-dimensional intestinal epithelial cell differentiation model

2006

Background. The TGFβ1-induced signal transduction processes involved in growth and differentiation are only partly known. The three-dimensional epithelial differentiation model, in which T84 epithelial cells are induced to differentiate either with TGFβ1 or IMR-90 mesenchymal cell-secreted soluble factors, is previously shown to model epithelial cell differentiation seen in intestine. That model has not been used for large scale gene expression studies, such as microarray method. Therefore the gene expression changes were studied in undifferentiated and differentiated three-dimensional T84 cultures with cDNA microarray method in order to study the molecular changes and find new players in e…

Gene expression in TGFbeta-induced epithelial cell differentiation in a three-dimensional intestinal epithelial cell differentiation model

2006

Abstract Background The TGFβ1-induced signal transduction processes involved in growth and differentiation are only partly known. The three-dimensional epithelial differentiation model, in which T84 epithelial cells are induced to differentiate either with TGFβ1 or IMR-90 mesenchymal cell-secreted soluble factors, is previously shown to model epithelial cell differentiation seen in intestine. That model has not been used for large scale gene expression studies, such as microarray method. Therefore the gene expression changes were studied in undifferentiated and differentiated three-dimensional T84 cultures with cDNA microarray method in order to study the molecular changes and find new play…

Maidon proteiinifraktioiden vaikutus ihmisen luuydinperäisten mesenkymaalisten kantasolujen kuntoon ja luusoluerilaistumiseen

2012

On yleisesti tiedossa, että maito on terveellistä ja parantaa luun kestävyyttä. Tutkimusten perusteella osa maidon proteiineista lisää luuta muodostavien osteoblastien määrää ja ehkäisee luun haurastumista estämällä esiosteoklastien erilaistumista luuta hajottaviksi osteoklasteiksi. Osteoblastit erilaistuvat multipotenteista mesenkymaalisista kantasoluista. Tällöin maidon proteiineilla saattaa olla fysiologinen rooli luun kasvamisessa ja paranemisessa. Maidon proteiineilla voi olla myös terapeuttinen vaikutus osteoporoosin anabolisena tekijänä. Tutkimus oli osa Valion ja Turun yliopiston yhteistyöprojektia. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli testata maidon seitsemän proteiinifraktion vaikutuksia…

Divergent parasite infections in sympatric cichlid species in Lake Victoria

2018

Parasitism has been proposed as a factor in host speciation, as an agent affecting coexistence of host species in species‐rich communities and as a driver of post‐speciation diversification. Young adaptive radiations of closely related host species of varying ecological and genomic differentiation provide interesting opportunities to explore interactions between patterns of parasitism, divergence and coexistence of sympatric host species. Here, we explored patterns in ectoparasitism in a community of 16 fully sympatric cichlid species at Makobe Island in Lake Victoria, a model system of vertebrate adaptive radiation. We asked whether host niche, host abundance or host genetic differentiatio…

Kulttuuritoiminta ja alueellinen erilaistuminen : kulttuuritoiminnan rahoitus Suomen kunnissa 2010-luvulla

2020

In Finland, cultural services have traditionally been developed as the services of the welfare state that are provided in every municipality. In the past few decades, new forms of governance, changing population structure and economic decline have affected municipalities’ operational environment. Simultaneously, the aims of cultural policy have increasingly broadened. This article examines how the municipal cultural services are financed in municipalities with different structural qualities and financial resources in Finland in the 2010s. peerReviewed

Monimuotoisia neuronin kaltaisia soluja SH-SY5Y-solulinjasta

2006

TCF7-transkriptiotekijän merkitys T-auttajasolujen erilaistumisessa

2009

Kaikki verisolut kehittyvät luuytimen hematopoieettisista kantasoluista. Kypsyessään solut ohjelmoituvat tiettyyn kehityslinjaan ympäristöstään saamiensa signaalien ohjaamana. T-lymfosyytit kypsyvät kateenkorvassa saaden signaaleja kateenkorvan epiteelin soluilta. Usean kehitysvaiheen aikana soluista valitaan ne, jotka tunnistavat vieraat antigeenit, eivätkä sitoudu liian voimakkaasti omien solujen rakenteisiin. Kypsyttyään naiivit T-auttajasolut (Th) vapautetaan elimistöön, jossa ne antigeeninsä kohdattuaan aktivoituvat ja erilaistuvat Th1- tai Th2-soluiksi ympäristöstään saamiensa sytokiinisignaalien ohjaamaana. T-auttajasolujen tuottamat sytokiinit ohjaavat muita immuunipuolustuksen solu…

Fragmentation in International Law and Global Governance : A Conceptual Inquiry

2017

This article examines the concept and metaphor of fragmentation and its underlying assumptions in international law and global governance. After engaging with fragmentation historically, we analyze current debates through five conceptual perspectives. Fragmentation is often perceived as a process, a gradation, a process with a single direction, a prognosis, and normatively as either loss or liberation. These interlinked tendencies carry conceptual implications, such as making fragmentation apparently inevitable or provoking positive revaluations of fragmentation in terms of differentiation. Furthermore, the conceptual coupling of fragmentation with modernity enhances these effects with an h…