Search results for "erosion"

Residents' attitude towards possible adaptation measures to the sea coast erosion in Latvia

2011

PurposeIn addition to climate changes, human activities in the sea coast area are also important in the context of coastal erosion. There is a need to consider possible measures of adaptation at a national level to solve this issue. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the findings of the interviews made by the author and come to conclusions about residents' attitude towards possible measures of adaptation to the coastal erosion in Latvia.Design/methodology/approachThe research was made by interviewing those seashore residents whose households are most influenced by sea coast erosion along the entire coastline of Latvia in the areas where erosion rate is projected to be at least 6 m unti…

Measuring Rainfall Kinetic Power in Two Sicilian Experimental Areas by Drop-Size Distribution Data

2023

The rainfall kinetic energy, which affects soil erosion processes, can be calculated by the drop-size distribution (DSD) and falling velocity. This study presents the outcomes derived by the DSDs recorded with the same optical disdrometer in two experimental areas, located in Sicily (southern Italy). Specifically, the DSDs were recorded from March 2017 to December 2019 at Sparacia and from June 2006 to April 2014 at Palermo. The aims of this paper are both to compare the DSDs for the two sites and to evaluate the applicability of Gamma theoretical distribution. Moreover, the relations of rainfall kinetic power vs. rainfall intensity are assessed. Differences in DSDs, especially for rainfall…

CART-based gully types classification: a case study in Sicily (Italy)

2015

Gulling is a complex process depending on several factors and involving a wide range of sub-processes. Different types of gullies were distinguished and described in literature. Their contribution to soil erosion changes in relation with the typology and their presence is influenced by different controlling factors. Mapping and classifying gullies is crucial for monitoring soil erosion. So far, no systematic definition of morphological characteristics of the different types of gullies and of their controlling factors has been made. The present work aims to suggest an innovative approach to automatically classify gullies by integrating remote sensing, GIS and a classification algorithm. The …

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RILL FLOW RESISTANCE AT PLOT SCALE

2021

I processi erosivi costituiscono un rilevante problema ambientale con impatto anche di tipo socioeconomico. Infatti, questi processi determinando l’asportazione degli strati superficiali di suolo, causano la riduzione della fertilità e produttività del suolo, e hanno un considerevole impatto sulla biodiversità. La perdita di suolo dovuta all’erosione idrica è un fenomeno naturale ed inevitabile, che può divenire intollerabile in condizioni particolari che spesso dipendono da fattori antropici (Di Stefano e Ferro, 2016). I processi di erosione idrica sono generalmente caratterizzati dall’erosione interrill o rill. Nelle aree interrill, caratterizzate da correnti overland, il processo erosivo…

Assessment of the interpretability of data mining for the spatial modelling of water erosion using game theory

2021

Abstract This study undertook a comprehensive application of 15 data mining (DM) models, most of which have, thus far, not been commonly used in environmental sciences, to predict land susceptibility to water erosion hazard in the Kahorestan catchment, southern Iran. The DM models were BGLM, BGAM, Cforest, CITree, GAMS, LRSS, NCPQR, PLS, PLSGLM, QR, RLM, SGB, SVM, BCART and BTR. We identified 18 factors usually considered as key controls for water erosion, comprising 10 factors extracted from a digital elevation model (DEM), three indices extracted from Landsat 8 images, a sediment connectivity index (SCI) and three other intrinsic factors. Three indicators consisting of MAE, MBE, RMSE, and…

A review of runoff generation and soil erosion across scales in semiarid south-eastern Spain

2011

Climate, lithology, soil and especially, intense land use/cover changes, make SE Spain very vulnerable to runoff generation and water erosion leading to loss of nutrients and organic matter and to infrequent but devastating floods, reservoir siltation and mass failures. This susceptibility has led to heavy economic investment and research efforts since the 1980s, making this region a worldwide reference for understanding the hydrology and geomorphology of semiarid ecosystems. Runoff and soil erosion have been intensively studied throughout the last decades in various natural ecosystems as well as in abandoned farmlands. Research has considered a wide range of methods and spatial and tempora…

MODELING THE TERRAIN EVOLUTION AT BASIN SCALE: THE GEOMORPHIC COMPONENT OF TRIBS HYDROLOGICAL MODEL

2012

A coupled eco-hydro-geomorphic investigation of basin response to climate change: Examining the role of climate on internal basin dynamics

2009

Much attention has been devoted to assessing the relationship between changes in climate and landscape evolution. Given the complexity of dependence of geomorphic processes on hydrological and vegetation properties of the system, it is not surprising that different studies of fluvial response to climate change often appear contradictory, making difficult to generalize about how any given drainage basin will respond to changes in climate and/or land use. In this study, an integrated geomorphic component of the physically-based, spatially distributed hydrological model, tRIBS, the TIN-based Real-time Integrated Basin Simulator, is used to analyze the sensitivity of landscapes to climate chang…

Using a physically-based model, tRIBS-Erosion, for investigating the effects of climate change in semi-arid headwater basins.

2013

Soil erosion due to rainfall detachment and flow entrainment of soil particles is a physical process responsible for a continuous evolution of landscapes. The rate and spatial distribution of this phenomenon depend on several factors such as climate, hydrologic regime, geomorphic characteristics, and vegetation of a basin. Many studies have demonstrated that climate-erosion linkage in particular influences basin sediment yield and landscape morphology. Although soil erosion rates are expected to change in response to climate, these changes can be highly non-linear and thus require mechanistic understanding of underlying causes. In this study, an integrated geomorphic component of the physic…

Effects of climate, land cover and topography on soil erosion risk in a semiarid basin of the Andes

2016

Understanding soil erosion processes in the Ecuadorian Andes with a tropical wet-dry climate and a variable topography, is fundamental for research on agriculture sustainable, environmental management, as well as for a stable water supply for the local populations. This work proposes method to estimate soil erosion risk in the semiarid Catamayo basin with limited data. The results show that the rainfall distribution and the erosivity along with the rugged topography, followed by the land cover (C-factor), are the most important factors to estimate soil erosion risk. The soil erodibility is the most important factor in the dry season for agricultural areas and where the ground cover is spars…