Search results for "erosion"

A probabilistic rainfall model to estimate the leading-edge lifetime of wind turbine blade coating system

2021

Rain-induced leading-edge erosion of wind turbine blades is associated with high repair and maintenance costs. For efficient operation and maintenance, erosion models are required that provide estimates of blade coating lifetime at a real scale. In this study, a statistical rainfall model is established that describes probabilistic distributions of rain parameters that are critical for site-specific leading-edge erosion assessment. A new droplet size distribution (DSD) is determined based on two years’ onshore rainfall data of an inland site in the Netherlands and the obtained DSD is compared with those from the literature. Joint probability distribution functions of rain intensities and dr…

Soil Science Challenges in a New Era: A Transdisciplinary Overview of Relevant Topics

2020

Transdisciplinary approaches that provide holistic views are essential to properly understand soil processes and the importance of soil to society and will be crucial in the future to integrate distinct disciplines into soil studies. A myriad of challenges faces soil science at the beginning of the 2020s. The main aim of this overview is to assess past achievements and current challenges regarding soil threats such as ero-sion and soil contamination related to different United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) including (1) sustainable food production, (2) ensure healthy lives and reduce environmental risks (SDG3), (3) ensure water availability (SDG6), and (4) enhanced soil carbo…

MONITORAGGIO DEI PROCESSI EROSIVI NELL’AREA SPERIMENTALE DI SPARACIA

2014

SULLA APPLICABILITÀ DELLA USLE-MM PER LA STIMA DISTRIBUITA DELLA PRODUZIONE DI SEDIMENTI

2010

Nella memoria è presentata una nuova versione del modello distribuito SEDD (SEdiment Delivery Distributed model) che accoppia la RUSLE o la USLE-MM con un criterio spazialmente distribuito per la stima dei processi di trasferimento delle particelle erose all’interno di un bacino idrografico. In particolare, viene proposta l’applicazione a scala di bacino di un fattore di erosività, che tiene conto anche del processo di deflusso a scala di versante, e di un fattore di erodibilità del suolo determinati utilizzando le misure parcellari condotte nell’area sperimentale di Sparacia in Sicilia. Il modello è stato calibrato utilizzando le misure dei deflussi liquidi e solidi effettuate nei bacini s…

Mineralogical and Chemical Records of Icelandic Dust Sources Upon Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard Islands)

2018

This work aims to identify the geochemical and mineralogical markers of Icelandic dust and to differentiate it from the dust of local origin deposited at the Ny-Ålesund station. We characterized representative sediment samples from Iceland and Svalbard and compared them to a set of aerosol samples collected in Ny-Ålesund to check the existence and type of the mineralogical markers. The sediment samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to detect the mineralogical constrain of the geochemical markers. Both aerosol and sediment samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy coupled with EDS microanalysis (SEM-EDS) and image analysis to detect and to provide a morpho-chemical cha…

Daily patterns of mixing and nutrient concentrations during early autumn circulation in a small sheltered lake

2005

17 pages, 11 figures, 1 table.-- Printed version published May 2005.

Mineralogical and chemical variability of fluvial sediments 2. Suspended-load silt (Ganga–Brahmaputra, Bangladesh)

2011

Sediments carried in suspension represent a fundamental part of fluvial transport. Nonetheless, largely because of technical problems, they have been hitherto widely neglected in provenance studies. In order to determine with maximum possible precision the mineralogy of suspended load collected in vertical profiles from water surface to channel bottom of Rivers Ganga and Brahmaputra, we combined Raman spectroscopy with traditional heavy-mineral and X-ray diffraction analyses, carried out separately on low-density and dense fractions of all significant size classes in each sample (multiple-window approach). Suspended load resulted to be a ternary mixture of dominant silt enriched in phyllosi…

Nanoparticles and their influence on radionuclide mobility in deep geological formations

2012

International audience; This article gives an overview of the current status of knowledge concerning the role of nanoparticles (inorganic and organic) in deep geological host rocks and the potential influence of these nanoparticles on radionuclide migration in far-field systems. The manuscript is not intended to be a full review paper or overview paper concerning nanoparticles, here the intention is to refer to recent publications but to highlight the progress made in the 6th framework project IP FUNMIG (Fundamental processes of radionuclide migration) and the open literature over the past 5 a concerning the process understanding of nanoparticle related issues in the three host rock formati…

A new strategy to assure compliance with soil loss tolerance at a regional scale

2023

The relevant erosive effects of extraordinary rainfall events due to climate change require establishing soil conservation strategies to prevent damages due to hydrogeological instability. The “tolerable” soil loss, i.e., the maximum soil loss compatible with sustainable soil use, represents a quantitative target to establish the effectiveness of actions to control soil erosion. In this paper, a new approach to defining the condition corresponding to a tolerable soil loss is proposed. At first, using the statistical analysis of the measured annual values of the rainfall erosivity factor, the cover and management factor CT, for which the maximum tolerable soil loss is equal to the annual soi…

Soil water erosion on Mediterranean vineyards: A review

2016

Soil water erosion on cultivated lands represents a severe threat to soil resources in the world, and especially in Mediterranean areas, due to their topographic, edaphic and climatic conditions. Among the cultivated lands, vineyards deserve a particular attention because, aside representing one of the most important crops in terms of income and employment, they also have proven to be the form of agricultural use that causes one of the highest soil losses. Although the topic of soil water erosion on vineyards has been studied, it still raises uncertainties, due to the high variability of procedures for data acquisition, which consists into different scales of analysis and measurement method…