Search results for "error"

Revision of the Single-Channel Algorithm for Land Surface Temperature Retrieval From Landsat Thermal-Infrared Data

2009

This paper presents a revision, an update, and an extension of the generalized single-channel (SC) algorithm developed by Jimenez-Munoz and Sobrino (2003), which was particularized to the thermal-infrared (TIR) channel (band 6) located in the Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor. The SC algorithm relies on the concept of atmospheric functions (AFs) which are dependent on atmospheric transmissivity and upwelling and downwelling atmospheric radiances. These AFs are fitted versus the atmospheric water vapor content for operational purposes. In this paper, we present updated fits using MODTRAN 4 radiative transfer code, and we also extend the application of the SC algorithm to the TIR channel …

Horror movies post 9/11: delineating tourism in a context of certainty

2014

In recent years, specialized literature has devoted much attention to the narratives of cinema and destination attractiveness. International cinema projects of the calibre of the Lord of the Rings ...

Prior Precision Modulates the Minimization of Auditory Prediction Error

2019

International audience; The predictive coding model of perception proposes that successful representation of the perceptual world depends upon canceling out the discrepancy between prediction and sensory input (i.e., prediction error). Recent studies further suggest a distinction to be made between prediction error triggered by non-predicted stimuli of different prior precision (i.e., inverse variance). However, it is not fully understood how prediction error with different precision levels is minimized in the predictive process. Here, we conducted a magnetoencephalography (MEG) experiment which orthogonally manipulated prime-probe relation (for contextual precision) and stimulus repetition…

Cuerpos y mutaciones en el cine de ciencia-ficción durante los años cincuenta

1994

El cine de ciencia-ficción de los años cincuenta nos ofrece un testimonio ejemplar por su candidez de hasta dónde el patrón humano rige sin apenas deslices toda suerte de metamorfosis. La misma situación del género es en extremo curiosa: lejos de la imaginería gótica y romántica que alimentó las producciones Universal, también se distancia de las afecciones víricas, las prótesis teratológicas y la robótica de cuño informático que asaltan el cuerpo haciéndolo estallar en el moderno cine de terror.

The Dignity in Free Speech: Civility Norms in Post-Terror Societies

2016

ABSTRACTIt is difficult to strike a balance between protecting freedom of speech and ensuring public safety. The attacks on 22 July 2011 in Norway, and the fear of terrorist acts inspired by public utterances on the Internet, have caused many to question whether and how we should regulate hate speech. In this article, we analyse the main arguments from the debate on freedom of speech in post-terror Norway, termed the ‘liberal’ and ‘harm’ (or ‘balance of harms’) arguments respectively. We propose a set of civility norms that may serve to uphold the wide freedom of speech advocated by the liberal argument, while being attentive to the real ethical challenges emphasised by the harm argument.

Security in Niamey : an anthropological perspective on policing and an act of terrorism in Niger

2012

ABSTRACTThe abduction of two Frenchmen in January 2011 in Niamey's supposedly most secure neighbourhood has led many to question the functioning of the city's security apparatus. This paper analyses Niamey's security landscape, initially from an historical and then from a spatial perspective. It argues that for a comprehensive analysis of security, we must first decentre our perspective on security construction, and thus take informal non-organised modes of policing just as seriously as policing by state and vigilante organisations; and second, take into account the inseparability of sociality and security, a fragile balance of trust and acceptable risk. In conclusion I argue that this focu…

Explicitly Correlated Electrons in Molecules

2011

Rejection odds and rejection ratios: A proposal for statistical practice in testing hypotheses

2016

Much of science is (rightly or wrongly) driven by hypothesis testing. Even in situations where the hypothesis testing paradigm is correct, the common practice of basing inferences solely on p-values has been under intense criticism for over 50 years. We propose, as an alternative, the use of the odds of a correct rejection of the null hypothesis to incorrect rejection. Both pre-experimental versions (involving the power and Type I error) and post-experimental versions (depending on the actual data) are considered. Implementations are provided that range from depending only on the p-value to consideration of full Bayesian analysis. A surprise is that all implementations -- even the full Baye…

Commentary: Rational Adaptation in Lexical Prediction: The Influence of Prediction Strength

2021

An optical water type framework for selecting and blending retrievals from bio-optical algorithms in lakes and coastal waters.

2014

Bio-optical models are based on relationships between the spectral remote sensing reflectance and optical properties of in-water constituents. The wavelength range where this information can be exploited changes depending on the water characteristics. In low chlorophyll-a waters, the blue/green region of the spectrum is more sensitive to changes in chlorophyll-a concentration, whereas the red/NIR region becomes more important in turbid and/or eutrophic waters. In this work we present an approach to manage the shift from blue/green ratios to red/NIR-based chlorophyll-a algorithms for optically complex waters. Based on a combined in situ data set of coastal and inland waters, measures of over…