Search results for "error"
showing 10 items of 1643 documents
International tourism, security and intercultural dialogue in the Arab World
2012
International tourism presents one of the rare possibilities of mass active face-to-face cultural exchange and spatial exploring of the ‘other’. Beyond its cultural dimension, international tourism is a major economic sector in many countries. It provides jobs and foreign currency. One the one hand, tourism is a fragile industry that requires security, stability and tolerance. On the other hand, tourists are soft targets of terrorist attacks, not only in the Arab and Muslim worlds, but indeed worldwide. The article explores the actual and the invented types of segregation in the name of security and terror prevention measures in Arab countries. It demonstrates how the dichotomy of security/…
Globalización, valores sociales y choque de civilizaciones
2005
The thesis of the supposed clash of the Islamic and the western civilizations is, by far, the most diffused and debated of all the subjects and proposals dealt Huntington in his book <i>The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order</i>, above all after the terrorist attacks of the September 11<sup>th</sup>. The results of the World Social Survey 2000-2001 directed by Inglehart, are used in the present article to test the thesis of the cultural differences in a wide sample of Western Christian and Islamic societies. The comparative analysis undertaken allows to conclude that the cultural differences between both group societies are quite important, althou…
Phenomena in the Cyber World
2015
This chapter describes and evaluates the cyber world, including its phenomena, from a strategic perspective. As no universally accepted definitions for the cyber world exist, associated literature and publications address it in many different ways. A five-layer model is constructed for cyber threats, which include cybervandalism, cybercrime, cyber intelligence, cyberterrorism and cyberwarfare. This chapter depicts the standards-based risk model, cyber operations and cyberweaponry, as well as the critical structures of society as the targets. Moreover, cyber security definitions are provided. Cyber world phenomena are addressed in more detail in other chapters of this book.
El artista como musa: la influencia de edgar A. Poe en el arte
2009
En el segundo centenario de su nacimiento, este artículo expone la enorme influencia que el escritor norteamericano Edgar A. Poe (1809-1849) ha ejercido sobre el arte contemporáneo. Tomando como ejemplo su famoso poema El cuervo, el presente texto comenta algunas de sus adaptaciones a otras disciplinas artísticas demostrando así que, en el caso de Poe, el artista se convierte en musa. (A)
A spontaneous mitonuclear epistasis converging on Rieske Fe-S protein exacerbates complex III deficiency in mice
2020
We previously observed an unexpected fivefold (35 vs. 200 days) difference in the survival of respiratory chain complex III (CIII) deficient Bcs1lp.S78G mice between two congenic backgrounds. Here, we identify a spontaneous homoplasmic mtDNA variant (m.G14904A, mt-Cybp.D254N), affecting the CIII subunit cytochrome b (MT-CYB), in the background with short survival. We utilize maternal inheritance of mtDNA to confirm this as the causative variant and show that it further decreases the low CIII activity in Bcs1lp.S78G tissues to below survival threshold by 35 days of age. Molecular dynamics simulations predict D254N to restrict the flexibility of MT-CYB ef loop, potentially affecting RISP dyna…
Tourism and terrorism: conflicts and commonalities
2012
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore why tourists continue to visit troubled and often violent nations, even when there is perceived risk. Tourism and terrorism reflect very different philosophies, but there are also some disturbing commonalities. Both need modern technology to be effective, both rely heavily on media management and both require the manipulation of perceptions and attitudes.Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses historical evidence to examine the rise and fall in world travel and tourism demand related to acts of terrorism.Findings – The paper observes that the Caribbean experienced a 13.5 percent decline in US visitors after the 9/11 terrorist attack in …
Criminal networks analysis in missing data scenarios through graph distances.
2021
Data collected in criminal investigations may suffer from: (i) incompleteness, due to the covert nature of criminal organisations; (ii) incorrectness, caused by either unintentional data collection errors and intentional deception by criminals; (iii) inconsistency, when the same information is collected into law enforcement databases multiple times, or in different formats. In this paper we analyse nine real criminal networks of different nature (i.e., Mafia networks, criminal street gangs and terrorist organizations) in order to quantify the impact of incomplete data and to determine which network type is most affected by it. The networks are firstly pruned following two specific methods: …
What is the best fitting function? Evaluation of lactate curves with common methods from the literature
2015
Using the lactate threshold for training prescription is the gold-standard, although there are several open questions. One open question is: What is the best fitting method for the load-lactate data points? This investigation re-analyses over 3500 lactate diagnostic datasets in swimming. Our evaluation software examines six different fitting methods with two different minimization criteria (RMSE and SE). Optimization of parameters of the functions is put in excecution with gradient descent. From a mathematical point of view, the double phase model, which consists of two linear regression lines, shows the least errors (RMSE min 0.254 ± 0.172; SE min 0.311 ± 0.210). However, this method canno…
Tripotential data processing for HES interpretation
1994
In this paper some methods are proposed and compared to correct the experimental measurements for preliminary processing of tripotential data which are acquired for HES prospecting. However, the use of those methods should be based upon an accurate analysis of all experimental data. Such an analysis ought to involve: 1) an estimate of the averaged measurement errors with their variance and distribution in both the space and the three apparent-resistivities domains; 2) the choice of a resistivity model capable of describing the actual volume under study. The differences among the three values of apparent resistivity measured on a point are generally influenced both by the resistivity distrib…
Measurement error in schooling data: the OECD case
2003
The effect of human capital is difficult to estimate in cross-country analysis due to measurement errors in schooling data. Using data for OECD countries over the period 1960–1990, the reliability of the widely used Barro and Lee's data set and also the new De la Fuente and Domenech's data set is analysed. Results show that both suffer from measurement errors, but the latter seems to reflect the rate of growth of schooling more accurately, especially when taking long differences.