Search results for "ethanol"
showing 10 items of 2041 documents
Tomato peel drying and carotenoids stability of the extracts
2014
Summary Tomato peels were firstly dried by different methods (hot air, freeze-drying, and fluidized bed drying) to evaluate the recovery of lycopene, β-carotene and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Comparison of the results showed that hot air drying at 50 °C was a suitable method and alternative to freeze-drying to preserve carotenoids compounds and antioxidant activity in tomato peels. Then, ethanol/ethyl acetate (1:1) extracts from tomato peel, previously dried at 50 °C by hot air, were submitted to heat (100 °C) and light treatment (1000 lumen) to evaluate their stability as natural food dyes. Heating of the extracts caused a progressive reduction of total carotenoids, up to about 30% …
Apparent molar volumes of strontium nitrate and copper(II) chloride in ethanol + water at 298.15 K
1998
Densities of ethanol + water + strontium nitrate and ethanol + water + copper(II) chloride mixtures have been measured with an oscillating-tube densimeter over a large range of concentrations of the salt and ethanol, at 298.15 K. From these densities, apparent molar volumes of both electrolytes in ethanol + water mixtures have been calculated, and partial molar volumes at infinite dilution have been evaluated.
Tribenzylammonium chloride
2014
Single crystals of the title salt, C21H21NH+·Cl−, were isolated as a side product from the reaction involving [(C6H5CH2)3NH]2[HPO4] and Sn(CH3)3Cl in ethanol. Both the cation and the anion are situated on a threefold rotation axis. The central N atom in the cation has a slightly distorted tetrahedral environment, with angles ranging from 107.7 to 111.16 (10)°. In the crystal, the tribenzylammonium cations and chloride anions are linked through N—H...Cl and C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of infinite chains along [001]. The crystal studied was a merohedral twin.
Two phosphonodehydrotripeptides: Boc0–Gly1–Δ(Z)Phe2–α‐Abu3PO3Me2 and Boc0–Gly1–Δ(Z)Phe2–α‐Nva3PO3Et2
2012
The present paper reports the crystal structures of two short phosphonotripeptides (one in two crystal forms) containing one ΔPhe (dehydrophenylalanine) residue, namely dimethyl (3-{[tert-butoxycarbonylglycyl-α,β-(Z)-dehydrophenylalanyl]amino}propyl)phosphonate, Boc0–Gly1–Δ(Z)Phe2–α-Abu3PO3Me2, C21H32N3O7P, (I), and diethyl (4-{[tert-butoxycarbonylglycyl-α,β-(Z)-dehydrophenylalanyl]amino}butyl)phosphonate, Boc0–Gly1–Δ(Z)Phe2–α-Nva3PO3Et2, as the propan-2-ol monosolvate 0.122-hydrate, C24H38N3O7P·C3H8O·0.122H2O, (II), and the ethanol monosolvate 0.076-hydrate, C24H38N3O7P·C2H6O·0.076H2O, (III). The crystals of (II) and (III) are isomorphous but differ in the type of solvent. The phosphono gr…
Organocatalytic synthesis of new telechelic polycarbonates and study of their chemical reactivity
2015
Abstract A two-step versatile process for telechelic polycarbonates synthesis is described. 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-2-carboxylate (BMIM-2-CO2) was used as thermolabile precursor of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalyst. In a first step, synthesized branched fatty diols or commercially available linear diols were reacted with an excess of dimethylcarbonate (DMC) to afford oligocarbonates with methylcarbonate end-groups. Then, the methylcarbonate groups were reacted with hydroxyl groups of 9-decen-1-ol, 4-hexyn-1-ol and 4-hydroxybenzene ethanol leading to telechelic oligomers with alkene, alkyne and phenol functionalities. Reactivity of these end-groups towards polymerization was …
Apparent molar volumes of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate in ethanol + water at 298.15 K
1998
Densities of ethanol + water + potassium nitrate and ethanol + water + sodium nitrate mixtures have been measured with an oscillating-tube densimeter over a large range of concentrations of the salt and ethanol, at 298.15 K. From these densities, apparent molar volumes of both electrolytes in ethanol + water mixtures have been calculated, and partial molar volumes at infinite dilution have been evaluated.
The effect of chemical treatment of stainless steel wire surfaces onZymomonas mobilis cell attachment and product synthesis
1998
The attachment, growth and product synthesis of non-flocculating Zymomonas mobilis cells, fixed in stainless steel wire spheres (WS), were investigated. The carrier surface was activated by treatment with titanium (IV) chloride (TiCl 4 ) and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AS) in an attempt to raise the efficiency in the immobilization of the cells. System productivity for ethanol and levan production, using cells immobilized on a modified stainless steel surface in the batch fermentation of a sucrose medium, rose as a result of increased biomass compared to the productivity of cells fixed on untreated (control) metal surfaces. Stabilized ethanol synthesis was demonstrated in the course of fo…
Levan production byZymomonas mobilis cells. Attached to plaited spheres
1997
In this work, an immobilization method for polymer-levan production by a non-flocculating Z mobilis culture was developed. The extent of cell attachment to the stainless steel wire surface, culture growth and product synthesis were described. It was established that during short-term passive immobilization of non-flocculating Z mobilis cells on a stainless steel wire surface, sufficient amounts of biomass for proper levan and ethanol fermentation could not be obtained. Adherence of cells was improved by pressing the paste-like biomass within stainless steel spheres knitted from wire with subsequent dehydration. Biomass fixed in metal spheres was used for repeated batch fermentation of levan…
Synthesis, Structure and Catalytic Properties of Dinuclear Mo-VI Complexes with Ditopic Diaminotetraphenols
2013
MoVI complexes with novel ditopic diaminotetraphenol ligands have been prepared by using a one-pot procedure in methanol or DMSO with [MoO2(acac)2] (acac = acetylacetonate) as the molybdenum source. The complexes were characterised with X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopic studies, elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. In the solid state, the compounds represent either a rodlike molecular or oxido-bridged polymeric structure. The catalytic activity of the complexes was investigated by oxidising benzyl alcohol and 1-phenylethanol with hydrogen peroxide to the corresponding aldehyde and ketone, respectively. Furthermore, the catalytic activity was surveyed also in epoxidation of cyclooctene.
Chemical recycling of polyenaminones by transamination reaction via amino–enaminone polymerisation/depolymerisation
2019
Abstract Novel oligo- and polyenaminones with Mw ∼ 3000 Da were prepared in excellent yields by amino–enaminone ‘click’ polymerisation of 1,3- and 1,4-bis[3-(dimethylamino)acryloyl]arenes with 1,3- and 1,4-phenylenediamine. The obtained oligomers and polymers were depolymerised quantitatively to the starting bis-enaminones and diamines by treatment with excess dimethylamine in ethanol at 50 °C. This simple polymerisation/depolymerisation method allows for a closed-loop recycling of polyenaminone-based materials. UV light absorbance at wavelengths below 470 nm indicates promising optical properties of these polymers.