Search results for "ethical"
showing 10 items of 248 documents
Hume’s Guillotine Resolved
2020
According to Hume’s guillotine, one cannot derive values from facts. Since intelligent systems are fact processors, one can ask how ethical machines can be possible. However, ethics is a real-life process. People analyze actions and situations emotionally and cognitively. Thus they learn rules, such as “this situation feels good/bad.” The cognitive analysis of actions is associated with emotional analysis. The association of action, emotion and cognition can be termed a primary ethical schema. Through an ethical information process in which emotions and cognitions interact in social discourse, primary ethical schemas are refined into ethical norms. Each component of the process is different…
Resurssien ja toimivaltuuksien puute eettisen kuormittuneisuuden riskitekijänä kaupunkiorganisaation sosiaali- ja terveyspalveluissa
2013
Tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin eettisen organisaatiokulttuurin toteutettavuuden hyveen yhteyttä eettiseen kuormittuneisuuteen (eettisistä dilemmoista johtuva stressi) sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen henkilöstöllä. Ilmiöitä ja niiden välisiä yhteyksiä tutkittiin sekä työyksikköjen jaettuina kokemuksina että työntekijöiden yksilöllisinä kokemuksina. Toteutettavuuden hyve kuvaa sitä, missä määrin organisaatio tarjoaa työntekijöilleen riittävät resurssit ja toimivaltuudet eettisesti kestävän työn tekemiseen. Tutkimukseen osallistui kaupunkiorganisaation sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen 1 243 työntekijää 142 työyksiköstä. Aineisto analysoitiin monitasomallinnuksella, joka huomioi sekä työyksiköiden vä…
Leadership and Ethical Decision Making among Mauritian Managers
2017
It is proposed that transformational leadership is likely to be associated with higher ethical decision making, while transactional leadership should be related to lower ethical decision making. However, little empirical research provides support for these claims. Using a structured interview schedule, data from 247 managers was collected from three established higher education institutions in Mauritius. Findings indicate that surprisingly, transformational leadership had a negative impact on ethical judgment and intention of subordinates in relation to ethical issues including bribery, nepotism, padding up of expenses’ account and political favouritism, suggesting the possibility of pseudo…
Culture matters : the leader-follower relationship in the Chinese organizational context
2016
In this dissertation, the dynamics between leader and follower is the focus. This dissertation contributes to knowledge and understanding of the leader-member exchange (LMX) theory in Chinese organizational settings. The research has three aims. The first aim is to increase knowledge of the LMX theory by contextualizing the theory in the Chinese setting. Drawing upon discussion of the role of guanxi, Chinese social values is elaborated in LMX. The second aim is to analyze the connections between LMX, ethical culture of an organization and employee work engagement. Finally, the third aim is to examine the construct validity of the measurement of the ethical culture of an organization, namely…
Dharmic Education - A Panacea for Social Evils in Emerging Economies
2014
Education is a tool of social change. The perceptions of people about the goals of education largely define the pattern of education structure. If the values of the society revolve around materialistic pursuits alone, it naturally promotes unbridled race for money. The products of that education system orient towards materialistic pursuits and the lofty ideals like Corporate Social Responsibility and business ethics that dominate the current managerial thought get lip sympathy in their hands. Realizing the need of ethical values in organizations, many universities of the West and certain prime institutions in India (ex- IIM, Bangalore) have introduced spiritual education in the course curri…
Highlights in Teaching Ethical Management Applied in Achieving Economic Sciences
2018
Talking about ethical strategies for teaching economics subjects is in the same time very easy and very difficult. It’s easy because the capacity of these ethical concerns of crossing the strict framework of the disciplines it is absolutely obvious. It is difficult, because the most difficult thing in the world is to talk about something that it is obvious. Moreover, the capacity of being surprises by the Obvious, the ability of questioning where most of the people see only certainty it is the genuine original impulse of philosophizing.
Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Older Patient
2021
Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, and its prevalence increases with age. The growing number of older patients and their differential characteristics make its management a challenge in clinical practice. The aim of this review is to summarize the state-of-the-art in diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndromes in this subgroup of patients. This comprises peculiarities of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) management, updated evidence of non-STEMI therapeutic strategies, individualization of antiplatelet treatment (weighting ischemic and hemorrhagic risks), as well as assessment of geriatric conditions and ethical issues in…
HCV eradication: a duty of the State, an option for the individual
2020
In recent years, the debate on ethical issues related to hepatitis C virus therapies has been focused on the problem of drug prices and access to therapies. Nonetheless, the goal of hepatitis C virus eradication set by the World Health Organization in 2016 is raising new ethical issues, since governments are faced with a new challenge: reaching through screening, diagnosis and treatment a large amount of subjects with undiagnosed hepatitis C infection. National governments, especially high-income countries with a Welfare State, are compelled to provide access to therapies, but also to involve those who are still unaware of their disease status. Since people cannot be forced but should be gu…
Defizite bei der Erfassung transplantationsrelevanter Daten in Deutschland
2011
Collection of data in transplantation medicine is required to define ethical standards, to assess indications and contra-indications and to determine rules for organ allocation. Similarly, assessment of quality of the transplantation process and practice of transplantation centres requires relevant data in transplantation medicine. Apart from data in quality reports, Eurotransplant and organ procurement, any form of data collection is lacking in Germany. In this article the problems caused by this shortcoming are described.
Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: Advances in Optogenetics, Ethical Issues Affecting DBS Research, Neuromodulatory …
2021
We estimate that 208,000 deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices have been implanted to address neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders worldwide. DBS Think Tank presenters pooled data and determined that DBS expanded in its scope and has been applied to multiple brain disorders in an effort to modulate neural circuitry. The DBS Think Tank was founded in 2012 providing a space where clinicians, engineers, researchers from industry and academia discuss current and emerging DBS technologies and logistical and ethical issues facing the field. The emphasis is on cutting edge research and collaboration aimed to advance the DBS field. The Eighth Annual DBS Think Tank was held virtually on Septem…