Search results for "ethology"
showing 10 items of 162 documents
Passions animales
2021
In this article, questions concerning the relationship between semiotics and ethology will be discussed, starting from the idea of internaturality circulating in contemporary culture. After outlining the principles of a zoosemiotic 2.0, a case of animism present in the current press will be analysed, which speaks of the passions of apes as typically human passions.
Jealousy at work: The role of rivals’ characteristics
2018
The present study examined rival characteristics that may evoke jealousy in the workplace, differences between men and women in this regard, and the relationship between jealousy responses and intrasexual competitiveness and social comparison orientation. Participants were 426 male and female employees. By means of a questionnaire, participants were presented with a jealousy-evoking scenario after which jealousy responses to 24 rival characteristics were assessed. Findings showed that a rival's social communal attributes evoked highest levels of jealousy, and that, compared to men, women reported more jealousy in response to a rival's physical attractiveness. Overall, as individuals had hig…
Liver cirrhosis associated with heterozygous alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency type Pi MS and autoimmune features.
1995
Patients with homozygous protease inhibitor (Pi) type ZZ or a few rare M-like types may develop liver cirrhosis due to intracellular storage of alpha-antitrypsin (AAT), whereas some patients with heterozygous Pi MZ or SZ normally present with transient abnormal liver function tests in childhood. We report a 42-year-old obese patient who developed liver cirrhosis in association with heterozygous Pi MS (AAT) deficiency. Immunohistological and electron microscope examination showed storage of AAT in the hepatocytes. Interestingly, autoimmune features in this patient suggest that abnormal immune responses may contribute to the pathology of chronic liver disease.
Hydroxylation of collagen type I: evidence that both lysyl and prolyl residues are overhydroxylated in osteogenesis imperfecta
1995
The composition of the collagens secreted into the media of fibroblast cultures of 39 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) was the same in controls and OI cultures. An abnormal migration pattern of collagens upon SDS-PAGE was evident in one third of the cultures investigated. Lysyl and prolyl hydroxylation of HPLC-purified alpha 1(I) chains was elevated in about 60% of cultures. The degree of hydroxylation was highest in the lethal forms. The extent of lysyl and prolyl hydroxylation showed a strong correlation (r = 0.74, P < 0.001). While high levels of hydroxylation are frequently observed in OI patients, a direct correlation between lysyl or prolyl hydroxylation and fracture rate or…
Anterior limbic alpha-like activity: a low resolution electromagnetic tomography study with lorazepam challenge
2005
Summary Objective To verify findings of an independently regulated anterior limbic alpha band source. Methods In a randomised cross-over study, the spontaneous EEG was recorded in nine healthy subjects after i.v. lorazepam or placebo. Intracerebral current densities within classical frequency bands were estimated with low resolution electromagnetic tomography [LORETA] and compared between groups with t -statistical parametric mapping [SPM{ t }]. A region-of-interest [ROI] based method was used to compare frontal and occipital alpha band activity changes. Results Irrespective of treatment group, local maxima of alpha band power were localised both in the occipital lobe, Brodman area [BA] 18,…
Individualized treatment with combination of Peg-interferon alpha 2b and ribavirin in patients infected with HCV genotype 3.
2010
The benefit of individualizing treatment for patients with genotype 3 HCV infection on the basis of viral clearance at week 4 (wk4-R) has not been firmly established.Four hundred and fourteen patients received Peg-interferon alpha-2b plus 1000-1200 mg of ribavirin daily according with body weightor75 kg. Patients were randomized to standard 24 weeks (Std24) or to a 12 or 36 weeks variable treatment duration (Var12/36). In the variable treatment arm, patients with or without wk4-R were allocated to either 12 or 36 weeks duration.At treatment week 4, HCV RNA was undetectable in 262 patients (63.3%), 136 in the Std24, and 126 in the Var12/36 group (p=0.41). In patients with wk4-R, end-of-treat…
Electroencephalographic alpha activity modulations induced by breath-holding in apnoea divers and non-divers.
2017
Little is known regarding cortical responses to sustained breath-holding (BH) in expert apnoea divers. The present study therefore investigated electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha activity and asymmetries in apnoea divers (experts) compared to non-divers (novices). EEG of 10 apnoea and 10 non-divers were recorded in the laboratory for either four minutes or for two minutes of BH. Alpha activity and alpha asymmetry (i.e. hemispherical EEG differences) were calculated and compared between expertise level and BH duration. Alpha amplitude in experts significantly decreased at four minutes of BH compared to resting activity, while alpha amplitude significantly decreased in novices only at centro…
The thalamus as the generator and modulator of EEG alpha rhythm: a combined PET/EEG study with lorazepam challenge in humans
2003
Background: Purpose of this study was to investigate the functional relationship between electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha power and cerebral glucose metabolism before and after pharmacological alpha suppression by lorazepam. Methods: Ten healthy male volunteers were examined undergoing two F18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans with simultaneous EEG recording: 1× placebo, 1× lorazepam. EEG power spectra were computed by means of Fourier analysis. The PET data were analyzed using SPM99, and the correlations between metabolism and alpha power were calculated for both conditions. Results: The comparison lorazepam versus placebo revealed reduced glucose meta…
Double-blind cross-over study with oral alpha-ketoacids in patients with chronic renal failure.
1980
In 15 ambulatory patients with renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance, 9.9 +/- 3.0 ml/min) the effect of oral supplementation with alpha-ketoacids has been compared with that of placebo. The protein intake amounted to 0.55 g protein per kilogram body weight of high biological value, as estimated by dietary recordings. After a control period of 3 months the patients received, in a double-blind study, 1.05 g alpha-ketoacids/10 kg body weight per day or a placebo for 6 weeks with a subsequent cross-over. Fasting blood samples were analyzed at 3-week intervals for routine laboratory parameters and 17 proteins. Anthropometric and clinical data have been recorded every 3 weeks. While therapy w…
Effect of electromyostimulation training on soleus and gastrocnemii H- and T-reflex properties.
2003
When muscle is artificially activated, as with electromyostimulation (EMS), action potentials are evoked in both intramuscular nerve branches and cutaneous receptors, therefore activating spinal motoneurons reflexively. Maximal soleus and gastrocnemii H- and T-reflex and the respective mechanical output were thus quantified to examine possible neural adaptations induced at the spinal level by EMS resistance training. Eight subjects completed 16 sessions of isometric EMS (75 Hz) over a 4-week period. Maximal soleus and gastrocnemii M wave (M(max)), H reflex (H(max)) and T reflex (T(max)) were compared between before and after training, together with the corresponding plantar flexor peak twit…