Search results for "etikk"
showing 10 items of 84 documents
Ocean acidification at a coastal CO2 vent induces expression of stress-related transcripts and transposable elements in the sea anemone Anemonia viri…
2019
Published version, available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210358 Ocean acidification threatens to disrupt interactions between organisms throughout marine ecosystems. The diversity of reef-building organisms decreases as seawater CO2 increases along natural gradients, yet soft-bodied animals, such as sea anemones, are often resilient. We sequenced the polyA-enriched transcriptome of adult sea anemone Anemonia viridis and its dinoflagellate symbiont sampled along a natural CO2 gradient in Italy to assess stress levels in these organisms. We found that about 1.4% of the anemone transcripts, but only ~0.5% of the Symbiodinium sp. transcripts were differentially expressed. Processe…
Three chromosomal rearrangements promote genomic divergence between migratory and stationary ecotypes of Atlantic cod
2016
AbstractIdentification of genome-wide patterns of divergence provides insight on how genomes are influenced by selection and can reveal the potential for local adaptation in spatially structured populations. In Atlantic cod – historically a major marine resource – Northeast-Arctic- and Norwegian coastal cod are recognized by fundamental differences in migratory and non-migratory behavior, respectively. However, the genomic architecture underlying such behavioral ecotypes is unclear. Here, we have analyzed more than 8.000 polymorphic SNPs distributed throughout all 23 linkage groups and show that loci putatively under selection are localized within three distinct genomic regions, each of sev…
Genetic structuring in Atlantic haddock contrasts with current management regimes
2020
AbstractThe advent of novel genetic methods has made it possible to investigate population structure and connectivity in mobile marine fish species: knowledge of which is essential to ensure a sustainable fishery. Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) is a highly exploited marine teleost distributed along the coast and continental shelf on both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean. However, little is known about its population structure. Here, we present the first study using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to assess the genetic population structure of haddock at multiple geographic scales, from the trans-Atlantic to the local (fjord) level. Genotyping 138 SNP loci in 1329 individual…
“A cleaner break”: Genetic divergence between geographic groups and sympatric phenotypes revealed in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta)
2020
Abstract Capture and long‐distance translocation of cleaner fish to control lice infestations on marine salmonid farms has the potential to influence wild populations via overexploitation in source regions, and introgression in recipient regions. Knowledge of population genetic structure is therefore required. We studied the genetic structure of ballan wrasse, a phenotypically diverse and extensively used cleaner fish, from 18 locations in Norway and Sweden, and from Galicia, Spain, using 82 SNP markers. We detected two very distinct genetic groups in Scandinavia, northwestern and southeastern. These groups were split by a stretch of sandy beaches in southwest Norway, representing a habitat…
"Islands of divergence" in the Atlantic cod genome represent polymorphic chromosomal rearrangements
2016
- In several species genetic differentiation across environmental gradients or between geographically separate populations has been reported to center at “genomic islands of divergence,” resulting in heterogeneous differentiation patterns across genomes. Here, genomic regions of elevated divergence were observed on three chromosomes of the highly mobile fish Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) within geographically fine-scaled coastal areas. The “genomic islands” extended at least 5, 9.5, and 13 megabases on linkage groups 2, 7, and 12, respectively, and coincided with large blocks of linkage disequilibrium. For each of these three chromosomes, pairs of segregating, highly divergent alleles were id…
A Self-Contained Electro-Hydraulic Cylinder: Modeling, Control Design, Simulation and Experimental Validation
2018
Master's thesis Mechatronics MAS500 - University of Agder 2018 In the constant effort to improve the efficiency of hydraulic systems, the pressure drop over hydraulic valves has been one of the major obstacles. In the Self-Contained Electro-Hydraulic Cylinder, the directional valve and the hydraulic power unit have been replaced by a bi-directional axial piston pump and a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. Actuation of the cylinder is performed by controlling the direction of rotation and the velocity of the motor. Originally the purpose of this project was to: "Design a proper control algorithm for an existing novel selfcontained electro-hydraulic cylinder, implement it on the main boom o…
Nowhere Home: The Waiting of Vulnerable Child Refugees
2020
In her 2012 documentary Nowhere Home, filmmaker Margreth Olin sheds light on the vulnerabilities and injurabilities of child migrants subjected to prolonged waiting. The documentary shows unaccompanied minors being offered only temporary residence and thus identifies why these irregular migrants can be characterized as ‘particularly vulnerable’ by having their childhoods put on hold. Although the concept is contested, I conceive vulnerability as based on humans’ existential precondition in terms of something bodily and enabling. Due to child refugees’ particular vulnerability, prolonged waiting can violate their inherent dignity, bodily health, life quality and human rights. Therefore, in l…
"Barnehagen er ingen søndagsskole ..." Religion i barnehager med forskjellige livssynsvedtekter
2021
How do a sample of headteachers and pedagogical leaders understand the parts of the learning area ‘ethics, religion and philosophy’ (ERF) related to religion and religious heritage and tradition in early childhood education? And how do they implement them in practice? We have interviewed employees from 19 kindergartens in Agder and Oslo, and analyzed relevant pedagogical documents, to get answers. The informants came from both public kindergartens and private kindergartens with special objectives. In the private kindergartens, most informants expressed that religion and religious heritage and tradition were integrated in the pedagogical day to day work, with use of a large degree of a didac…
Spatiotemporal monitoring of the rare northern dragonhead (Dracocephalum ruyschiana, Lamiaceae) — SNP genotyping and environmental niche modeling her…
2022
The species we have studied the spatiotemporal genetic change in the northern dragonhead, a plant species that has experienced a drastic population decline and habitat loss in Europe. We have added a temporal perspective to the monitoring of northern dragonhead in Norway by genotyping herbarium specimens up to 200 years old. We have also assessed whether northern dragonhead has achieved its potential distribution in Norway. To obtain the genotype data from 130 herbarium specimens collected from 1820 to 2008, mainly from Norway (83) but also beyond (47), we applied a microfluidic array consisting of 96 SNP markers. To assess temporal genetic change, we compared our new genotype data with exi…
Bruk av dyr i vitenskapelige eksperimenter : en filosofisk undersøkelse
2004
I dette arbeidet behandles filosofiske og etiske spørsmål som oppstår i forbindelse med bruk av dyr i vitenskapelige eksperimenter. Med vitenskapelige eksperimenter menes eksperimenter innenfor all slags medisinsk og veterinærmessig forskning og innenfor arbeid som tar sikte på å utvikle og prøve medikamenter. Det tenkes altså både på anvendt forskning og på grunnforskning. Forfatteren kommer ikke inn på bruk av dyr i kosmetikkindustrien, i matvareproduksjonen eller i kontrollen av matvarer. Det gås heller ikke inn på bruk av dyr som kjæledyr eller som følgedyr.