Search results for "event"

Mediterranean Diet and Invasive Breast Cancer Risk Among Women at High Cardiovascular Risk in the PREDIMED Trial

2015

Importance Breast cancer is the leading cause of female cancer burden, and its incidence has increased by more than 20% worldwide since 2008. Some observational studies have suggested that the Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of breast cancer. Objective To evaluate the effect of 2 interventions with Mediterranean diet vs the advice to follow a low-fat diet (control) on breast cancer incidence. Design, Setting, and Participants The PREDIMED study is a 1:1:1 randomized, single-blind, controlled field trial conducted at primary health care centers in Spain. From 2003 to 2009, 4282 women aged 60 to 80 years and at high cardiovascular disease risk were recruited after invitation by their p…

Matrix metalloproteinase gene polymorphisms and oral cancer

2012

Since oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignant cancer in the oral cavity, several researches have been performed to study the role of important enzymes in this disease. Among them, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are highlighted, due to the fact that they are proteinases responsible to degrade many extra-cellular matrix components, making possible the invasion of neoplasic cells. Important tools in cancer prognosis have been utilized aiming to correlate high levels of MMPs and OSCC, such as immunohistochemical, zymographic and mRNA detection methods. However, these techniques are usually applied after cancer detection, characterizing a curative but not a prev…

2019

Although cycling has been associated with overuse/fatigue and acute injuries, there is lack of information regarding associated risk factors and prevention factors. The objective of the study was to determine the factors associated with injury, and perceptions of discomfort and pain in cyclists. A total of 739 cyclists completed an online questionnaire between February and October 2016. The questionnaire acquired information on participant demographics, characteristics related to cycling profile and fitness training, bike components and cycling posture, self-reported perceptions of comfort and pain, and injuries sustained in the last 12 months. Logistic regression models estimated odds rati…

Link of the mechanisms of action of glatiramer acetate to its long-term clinical data

2009

A consequence of the long-term nature of progression in multiple sclerosis is that treatment needs to be provided over the long term. Gathering evidence for long term clinical efficacy, safety and patient acceptance of immunomodulatory therapies is thus a critically important issue. However, pivotal trials, which generally last no more than two years, cannot address this issue. Glatiramer acetate is the only immunomodulatory treatment for which prospective data is available covering a treatment period of over a decade. In the long-term extension of the pivotal trial of glatiramer acetate, 108 patients have been followed for a mean treatment duration of 10.1 years. At the end of the treatmen…

ESWL Prediction of outcome and failure Prevention

2007

Based on our own experiences and a review of the recent literature, this article evaluates recent developments in predicting outcomes and failures of shockwave lithotripsy when treating patients with urinary tract stones. After a detailed MEDLINE research, the authors identified several variables that influence and predict extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) success. These variables may be categorized as stone variables, patient variables and operator variables. Only multivariate analysis on a large number of homogenous patients may offer an objective evaluation of the factors conditioning ESWL outcome.

Tissue characteristics in non-culprit lesions during the acute coronary event and at ten months follow-up

2013

Introduction: It is not well established how the medication recommended in the guidelines will affect plaque compositional changes in non-culprit segments after STEMI. We hypothesized that the proportion of necrotic tissue in the non-culprit lesion in the culprit artery would decrease ten months after STEMI. Methods: In 63 consecutive STEMI patients the non-culprit segment in the culprit artery was analyzed with iMap intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) at the time of the index procedure and 10 months later. The non-culprit segment was identified as being 20mm proximal to the most stenotic culprit segment. All patients were recommended to receive the drug therapy outlined in the STEMI guidelines…

Adverse Events and Unsuccessful Intubation Attempts Are Frequent During Neonatal Nasotracheal Intubations.

2021

Background: Intubation of neonates is difficult and hazardous. Factors associated with procedure-related adverse events and unsuccessful intubation attempts are insufficiently evaluated, especially during neonatal nasotracheal intubations.Objective: Aim of this study was to determine the frequency of tracheal intubation–associated events (TIAEs) during neonatal nasotracheal intubations and to identify factors associated with TIAEs and unsuccessful intubation attempts in our neonatal unit.Methods: This was a prospective, single-site, observational study from May 2017 to November 2019, performed at a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit in a German academic teaching hospital. All endotr…

Nursing documentation of pressure ulcers in nursing homes: comparison of record content and patient examinations

2016

Aim The aim of this study was to describe the accuracy and quality of nursing documentation of the prevalence, risk factors and prevention of pressure ulcers, and compare retrospective audits of nursing documentation with patient examinations conducted in nursing homes. Design This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. Method A retrospective audit of 155 patients' records and patient examinations using the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel form and the Braden scale, conducted in January and February 2013. Results The prevalence of pressure ulcers was 38 (26%) in the audit of the patient records and 33 (22%) in patient examinations. A total of 17 (45%) of the documented press…

Changes in health sciences students' perception of obstetric violence after an educational intervention.

2020

Background\ud Obstetric violence is a type of gender-based violence that is presented structurally. This type of violence has physical and psychological consequences for both the women who experience it and health professionals. The World Health Organization adds that health professionals need training to ensure that pregnant women are treated with compassion and dignity.\ud \ud Objectives\ud The objective of the study was to evaluate health sciences students' perception of obstetric violence and to identify possible changes after an educational intervention.\ud \ud Design\ud A pre-post quasi-experimental study was carried out between January and June 2019.\ud \ud Settings and participants\…

Effectiveness of oral health education versus nicotine replacement therapy for tobacco cessation- a parallel randomized clinical trial.

2015

Background: India has millions of tobacco users. It is the leading cause of deaths due to oral cancer and hence needs effective strategies to curb it. Hence the aim of present study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Oral Health Education (OHE) and Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) in tobacco cessation. Material and Methods: The clinical trial consisted of Manohar Lal Kapoor (MLK) factory workers (n= 40) giving history of tobacco consumption (smoking/smokeless) within past 30 days. They were randomized into OHE (n=20) and NRT (n=20) groups. Baseline evaluation (demographic, smoking/ smokeless behaviour) was done. Fagerstrom test was used for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and to …