Search results for "eventi"
showing 10 items of 2167 documents
Causalidad en salud laboral: el caso ardystil
1995
ResumenEl establecimiento de relaciones causa-efecto ha sido y sigue siendo objeto de debate en epidemiología. La naturaleza observacional de la investigación epidemiológica dificulta el reconocimiento de estas relaciones. En este contexto, se han propuesto diferentes modelos para explicar las relaciones causales en los procesos de salud y enfermedad, desde el modelo determinista puro defendido por los postulados de Koch, que requiere la aceptación de relaciones unicausales, pasando por otras explicaciones que asumen la naturaleza multicausal de los problemas de salud en la población. En Salud Laboral se debe disponer también de modelos explicativos y criterios consensuados para valorar las…
El virus del Papiloma Humano en cavidad oral y orofaríngea en estudiantes universitarios de 18 a 25 años en Valencia
2017
INTRODUCCIÓN Y JUSTIFICACIÓN DEL ESTUDIO El VPH es una de las infecciones virales más extendidas en la población. Estudios epidemiológicos revelan que la infección oral por VPH juega un papel importante en el desarrollo de enfermedades precancerosas o cánceres de la cavidad oral, en particular en el cáncer de células escamosas orales.1 Aunque se han descrito más de 140 genotipos de VPH, no todos ellos tienen el mismo riesgo de provocar lesiones pre-malignas o cánceres. El genotipo VPH-16 está implicado en la mayoría de estas lesiones, aunque existen otros genotipos carcinogénico. Es una infección indetectable ya que, suele revertir de forma espontánea sin derivar en lesiones premalignas o m…
Exacerbated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mast-cell-deficient KitW-sh/W-sh mice
2011
Mast cell (MC)-deficient c-Kit mutant Kit(W/W-v) mice are protected against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis, suggesting a detrimental role for MCs in this disease. To further investigate the role of MCs in EAE, we took advantage of a recently characterized model of MC deficiency, Kit(W-sh/W-sh). Surprisingly, we observed that myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)(35-55)-induced chronic EAE was exacerbated in Kit(W-sh/W-sh) compared with Kit(+/+) mice. Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice showed more inflammatory foci in the central nervous system (CNS) and increased T-cell response against myelin. To understand whether the discrepant results obtaine…
Valorisation of industrial iron oxide waste to produce magnetic barium hexaferrite
2016
Barium M-type hexagonal ferrite (BaM, BaFe12O19) is an immensely important magnetic material, which we have successfully made from the simple valorisation of Fe-rich industrial waste from steel wire drawing, with addition of BaCO3 and heating in air to 1000 degrees C. The optimum ratio of Fe. Ba (producing 86 wt% BaM) was found to be 11: 1 (non-stoichiometric), and secondary phases of alpha-Fe2O3 (non-magnetic) and ZnFe2O4 (poorly antiferromagnetic) were always present. This material consisted of small submicron platelets. A hard magnetic ferrite was produced with Ms=48.6 A m(2) kg(-1) and H-c=211.5 kA m(-1). The highest density was achieved by sintering samples with Fe: Ba ratios of 11: 1 …
Venezuela's humanitarian crisis, resurgence of vector-borne diseases, and implications for spillover in the region
2019
In the past 5–10 years, Venezuela has faced a severe economic crisis, precipitated by political instability and declining oil revenue. Public health provision has been affected particularly. In this Review, we assess the impact of Venezuela's health-care crisis on vector-borne diseases, and the spillover into neighbouring countries. Between 2000 and 2015, Venezuela witnessed a 359% increase in malaria cases, followed by a 71% increase in 2017 (411 586 cases) compared with 2016 (240 613). Neighbouring countries, such as Brazil, have reported an escalating trend of imported malaria cases from Venezuela, from 1538 in 2014 to 3129 in 2017. In Venezuela, active Chagas disease transmission has be…
In vitro evaluation of probiotic strains for lactic acid production
2019
Background The growing interest on usage of probiotic lactobacilli in maintaining oral health has posed number of questions on its probable side effects. One such consideration could be an increased acid production in dental plaque, in turn leading to dental caries. Thus, the aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the lactic acid producing ability of L. acidophilus and L. plantarum with and without dental plaque. Material and Methods The study consisted of five groups: 3 control groups (Supragingival plaque, L. acidophilus and L. plantarum) and 2 test groups (Supragingival plaque with L. acidophilus and Supragingival plaque with L. plantarum). 26 samples for each group were collect…
County-level socioeconomic and crime risk factors for substantiated child abuse and neglect.
2019
Rates of substantiated child abuse and neglect vary significantly across counties. Despite strong cross-sectional support for links between social-contextual characteristics and abuse and neglect, few longitudinal studies have tested relations between these risk factors and substantiated rates of abuse/neglect. The goal of this study was to identify county-level socioeconomic and crime factors associated with substantiated abuse/neglect rates over 13 years (2004-2016). Annual county-level data for Tennessee, obtained from the KIDS COUNT Data Center, included rates of substantiated child abuse and neglect, children's race and ethnicity, births to unmarried women, teen birth rate, children in…
Child maltreatment by nursing staff and caregivers in German institutions: A population-representative analysis.
2019
Abstract Background Child maltreatment by caregivers seem to make a significant contribution to general maltreatment rates. Interestingly, research assessing prevalence rates of maltreatment mainly focuses on individual components either in relation to different types of maltreatment or in relation to different types of institutions. Objective The current study assesses prevalence rates for child maltreatment by caregivers in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, facilities for the disabled, schools, Kindergartens, and after-school care or residential care. Participants and setting: In a cross-sectional survey, a representative sample of the German population above the age of 14 (N = 2,516) wa…
Perceived neighborhood social disorder and residents' attitudes toward reporting child physical abuse.
2004
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the relationship between perceived neighborhood social disorder and attitudes toward reporting child physical abuse. METHOD: Data from a national probabilistic sample (N=9,759) were used. Responses about the perception of neighborhood social disorder, perceived frequency of child physical abuse in Spanish families, and willingness to report a case of child physical abuse to the police were collected through face-to-face interviews in respondents' homes. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that perceived neighborhood social disorder was negatively related to residents' attitudes toward reporting child physical abuse. These results …
Psychological defense styles, childhood adversities and psychopathology in adulthood.
2003
OBJECTIVE: The present study explores the link between reported sexual and/or physical abuse and psychological defense styles, as well as the association of both with psychological distress in adulthood. In two patient samples that differ in psychological distress and somatization, we examine whether the adversities reported and immature defense styles are associated with psychopathological symptoms. METHOD: We examined 266 consecutive inpatients in the psychosomatic department and 109 consecutive inpatients who had been treated for low-back pain in the orthopedic department of a German university hospital. Psychological defense styles were assessed by a two-factor solution of the German mo…