Search results for "evolution"
showing 10 items of 11096 documents
Diversidad de mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) de Jarabacoa, República Dominicana
2019
En República Dominicana tienen especial interés, dada su gran relevancia médica, las enfermedades transmitidas por mosquitos. La presente investigación profundiza sobre la diversidad de los culícidos existentes en el municipio de Jarabacoa, a fin de actualizar la información sobre estos dípteros y sus principales sitios de cría, naturales y artificiales. Para tal cometido, se procedió a la búsqueda activa de formas preimaginales mediante la técnica del dipper; se utilizaron pipetas plásticas para muestrear en reservorios de pequeño tamaño. La identificación se llevó a cabo mediante la utilización de lupa binocular y microscopio, con la ayuda de claves taxonómicas específicas. Se capturaron …
Phylogeny, biogeography and evolution of Triglochin L. (Juncaginaceae) – Morphological diversification is linked to habitat shifts rather than to gen…
2015
A species-level phylogeny is presented for Triglochin, the largest genus of Juncaginaceae (Alismatales) comprising about 30 species of annual and perennial herbs. Triglochin has an almost cosmopolitan distribution with Australia as centre of species diversity. Trans-Atlantic and trans-African disjunctions exist in the genus. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted based on molecular data obtained from nuclear (ITS, internal transcribed spacer) and chloroplast sequence data (psbA-trnH spacer, matK gene). Based on the phylogeny of the group divergence times were estimated and ancestral distribution areas reconstructed. Our data confirm the monophyly of Triglochin and resolve relationships betwee…
Molecular phylogeny and ultrastructure of the lichen microalga Asterochloris mediterranea sp. nov. from Mediterranean and Canary Islands ecosystems
2015
The microalgae of the genus Asterochloris are the preferential phycobionts in Cladonia, Lepraria and Stereocaulon lichens. Recent studies have highlighted the hidden diversity of the genus, even though phycobionts hosting Cladonia spp. in Mediterranean and Canarian ecosystems have been poorly explored. Phylogenetic analyses were made by concatenation of the sequences obtained with a plastid -LSU rDNA- and two nuclear -ITS rDNA and actin- molecular markers of the phycobionts living in several populations of Cladonia convoluta-C. foliacea complex, C. rangiformis and C. cervicornis species widely distributed in these areas in a great variety of substrata and habitats. A new strongly supported …
Coxal combs in the Cydnidae sensu lato and three other related “cydnoid” families – Parastrachiidae, Thaumastellidae, Thyreocoridae (Hemiptera: Heter…
2010
Lis, Jerzy A. (2010): Coxal combs in the Cydnidae sensu lato and three other related " cydnoid " families - Parastrachiidae, Thaumastellidae, Thyreocoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): functional, taxonomic, and phylogenetic significance. Zootaxa 2476: 53-64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.893992
Maternal antibody transmission and breeding densities in the Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus
2004
1. The offspring of avian species, especially those of colonial breeders, are exposed to a number of pathogens immediately after birth. The chick's immune system is, at that early stage still immature and inefficient. As a consequence, diseases can have a strong impact on chick survival.2. The ability of mothers to transmit passive immunity in terms of antibodies of their own acquired immunity to their chicks is probably an essential pathway to enhance the chick survival. Since the production of antibodies is costly, females are expected to adjust the transmission of passive immunity to the local disease environment.3. We found that in Black-headed Gulls (Larus ridibundus L.) yolk antibody …
Transgenerational immunity in a bird-ectoparasite system: do maternally transferred antibodies affect parasite fecundity or the offspring's susceptib…
2009
During egg formation, female birds deposit antibodies against parasites and pathogens they were exposed to before egg laying into the yolk. In captive bird species, it has been shown that these maternal immunoglobulins (maternal yolk IgGs) can protect newly hatched offspring against infection. However, direct evidence for such benefits in wild birds is hitherto lacking. We investigated (1) if nestling Great Tits Parus major originating from eggs with naturally high levels of maternal yolk IgG are less susceptible to a common, nest-based ectoparasite, (2) if maternal yolk IgGs influence nestling development and in particular, their own immune defence, and (3) if there is a negative correlati…
Genome rearrangement distances and gene order phylogeny in gamma-Proteobacteria.
2005
Genome rearrangements have been studied in 30 gamma-proteobacterial complete genomes by comparing the order of a reduced set of genes on the chromosome. This set included those genes fulfilling several characteristics, the main ones being that an ortholog was present in every genome and that none of them had been acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Genome rearrangement distances were estimated based on either the number of breakpoints or the minimal number of inversions separating two genomes. Breakpoint and inversion distances were highly correlated, indicating that inversions were the main type of rearrangement event in gamma-Proteobacteria. In general, the progressive increase in seque…
Molecular phylogeny of the spider family Sparassidae with focus on the genus Eusparassus and notes on the RTA-clade and ‘Laterigradae’
2013
The phylogeny of the spider family Sparassidae is comprehensively investigated using four molecular markers (mitochondrial COI and 16S; nuclear H3 and 28S). Sparassidae was recovered as monophyletic and as most basal group within the RTA-clade. The higher-level clade Dionycha was not but monophyly of RTA-clade was supported. No affiliation of Sparassidae to other members of the 'Laterigradae' (Philodromidae, Selenopidae and Thomisidae) was observed, and the crab-like posture of this group assumed a result of convergent evolution. Only Philodromidae and Selenopidae were found members of a supported clade, but together with Salticidae and Corinnidae, while Thomisidae was nested within the hig…
<p><strong><em>Linaria semialata</em> and <em>L. amethystea </em>subsp.<em> aedoi</em>,<em> <…
2020
Two new taxa of the genus Linaria are described, illustrated and compared, through a morphometric analysis, to morphologically similar species from L. sect. Supinae: L. amethystea, L. diffusa, L. intricata, and L. orbensis. A Principal Component Analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis were carried out in order to find out which morphological characters were the most important to discriminate these species. Morphometric analyses revealed that discrimination of species were more related to their particular morphological character combinations than to a private character. Two taxa are described as new to science, by providing a detailed description, illustrations, scanning-electron micrograp…
Tetronciumand its only species,T. magellanicum(Juncaginaceae): distribution, ecology and lectotypification
2013
Abstract Mering S. von: Tetroncium and its only species, T. magellanicum (Juncaginaceae): distribution, ecology and lectotypification. — Willdenowia 43: 13–24. June 2013. — Online ISSN 1868–6397; © 2013 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. Stable URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.43.43102 Tetroncium magellanicum (Juncaginaceae) was described by Willdenow in 1808, based on material collected by Commerson at the Strait of Magellan during Bougainville's voyage around the world. Type material of this species was traced and a lectotype for the name is designated. A description of the species and notes on its ecology and conservation status are provided. For the first time, a detailed map showing the known distri…