Search results for "evolution"

Russia's hybrid warfare against Ukraine in the context of European security

2016

Cultivating a ‘Digital Jungle’ : Toward a Hybrid Governance Perspective on Infrastructure Evolution

2020

Digital infrastructures (DIs) evolve rather than following planned development trajectories. We know this phenomenon as drift, that is, infrastructures drift from management control. Infrastructure drift has motivated research into infrastructure governance recognizing two governance approaches: top-down and bottom-up. Yet, what happens if an organization engaging in its digital transformation expands its DI following top-down governance while simultaneously introducing elements of bottomup governance? We study how an industrial manufacturer expanded its DI for collaboration top-down while also giving employees leeway for bottom-up governance. As a result, it found that its digital collabor…

Aquatic Macrophytes Occurrence in Mediterranean Farm Ponds: Preliminary Investigations in North-Western Sicily (Italy)

2021

Mediterranean wetlands are severely affected by habitat degradation and related loss of biodiversity. In this scenario, the wide number of artificial farm ponds can play a significant role in the biodiversity conservation of aquatic flora. In the present contribution we show the preliminary results of a study on Mediterranean farm ponds of north-western Sicily (Italy), aimed to investigating the environmental factors linked to the occurrence of submerged macrophytes (vascular plants and charophytes). We studied the aquatic flora of 30 ponds and determined the chemical and isotopic composition of their water bodies on a subset of the most representative 10 sites. Results show that (1) farm p…

The Brain Resting-State Functional Connectivity Underlying Violence Proneness: Is It a Reliable Marker for Neurocriminology? A Systematic Review

2019

Introduction: There is growing scientific interest in understanding the biological mechanisms affecting and/or underlying violent behaviors in order to develop effective treatment and prevention programs. In recent years, neuroscientific research has tried to demonstrate whether the intrinsic activity within the brain at rest in the absence of any external stimulation (resting-state functional connectivity; RSFC) could be employed as a reliable marker for several cognitive abilities and personality traits that are important in behavior regulation, particularly, proneness to violence. Aims: This review aims to highlight the association between the RSFC among specific brain structures and the…

Effects of NH3 and alkaline metals on the formation of particulate sulfate and nitrate in wintertime Beijing

2020

Sulfate and nitrate from secondary reactions remain as the most abundant inorganic species in atmospheric particle matter (PM). Their formation is initiated by oxidation (either in gas phase or particle phase), followed by neutralization reaction primarily by NH3, or by other alkaline species such as alkaline metal ions if available. The different roles of NH3 and metal ions in neutralizing H2SO4 or HNO3, however, are seldom investigated. Here we conducted semi-continuous measurements of SO4 2−, NO3 −, NH4 +, and their gaseous precursors, as well as alkaline metal ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) in wintertime Beijing. Analysis of aerosol acidity (estimated from a thermodynamic model) indicat…

Micro-scale post-fire surface cover changes monitored using high spatial resolution photography in a semiarid environment: A useful tool in the study…

2012

[ES] Although post-fire soil erosion has been studied, little attention has been paid to changes in soil surface cover following fires, despite this being a key factor in understanding the water and sediment yield. This study, at Peñaflor (Spain), investigated the effect of fire on soil erosion using data from soil erosion plots and high spatial resolution photography (HSRP). Measurements were made from October 2003 to October 2005 in a control plot and a plot experimentally exposed to a fire in October 2004. Ground cover components were identified, including vegetation, bare soil, stones, charcoal and ash. Runoff and sediment concentrations were low because of the absence of intense rainfa…

Organic solvent-soluble contents of nickel and cobalt in some algae

1990

In pursuit of our work on metal contents of lipid fractions isolated from plant material, we now show by means of highly sensitive analytical methods that nickel and cobalt are also present in organic extracts of algae in detectable amounts

The carabid Pterostichus melanarius uses chemical cues for opportunistic predation and saprophagy but not for finding healthy prey

2017

The sentinel prey method can quantify predation pressure in various habitats. Real prey is assumed to more realistically mimic the predator experience but the predator can rarely be identified. Artificial prey made of plasticine may lack real chemical cues, but provides information about predator identity. However, the relationship between predation pressure registered by artificial versus real prey is not clear. We tested the relative attractiveness of artificial caterpillars, and intact, wounded, or dead larvae of the cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae) for the carabid predator Pterostichus melanarius Illiger (Coleoptera: Carabidae). P. melanarius adults were attracted to dead caterpillars …

Virulence evolution and immune defence : pathogen-host interactions between an environmentally transmitted bacterium Serratia marcescens and its inse…

2015

Insect oviposition induces volatile emission in herbaceous plants that attracts egg parasitoid

2003

SUMMARYThe egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera:Scelionidae) responded to synomones emitted by leguminous plants induced by feeding and oviposition activity of the bug Nezara viridula (L.)(Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). This was shown by laboratory bioassays using a Y-tube olfactometer. Broad bean leaves (Vicia faba L.) damaged by feeding activity of N. viridula and on which host egg mass had been laid produced synomones that attracted T. basalis. By contrast,undamaged leaves or feeding-damaged leaves without eggs did not attract wasp females. French bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) also emitted attractive synomones when they were damaged by host feeding and carrying e…