Search results for "evolutionary"
showing 10 items of 4392 documents
Patterns of Puffing Activity in the Polytene Chromosomes of Drosophila Subobscura
1982
The puffs and Balbiani rings are the visible expression of sites of genetic activity (Beerman, 1952). Since Beermann’s original hypothesis, puffing patterns for several species of Diptera have been described. Thus for the genus Drosophila, Ashburner (1967, 1969a and 1969b) has reported the puffing pattern of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans, Beredens (1965) of Drosophila hydei, and Moriwaki and Ito (1969) of Drosophila ananassae. In a previous paper Frutos and Latorre (1981) have determined puffing patterns of the J and U chromosomes of Drosophila subobscura. This species shows a rich chromosomal polymorphism and the puffing pattern of several chromosomal rearrangements of th…
Expression of engrailed in embryos of a beetle and five dipteran species with special reference to the terminal regions
1994
The engrailed expression in embryos of a beetle, four midges and a fly has been analysed with special reference to the terminal regions. In all six species the segmental expression pattern is very similar but variability occurs in the clypeolabrum, foregut and hindgut. In some cases, segmental engrailed expression seems to be extended into the hind- and/or foregut. The engrailed expression of these species is compared with published data from other insects.
Epistatic interactions between pterin and carotenoid genes modulate intra-morph color variation in a lizard.
2021
Color polymorphisms have become a major topic in evolutionary biology and substantial efforts have been devoted to the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for originating such colorful systems. Within-morph continuous variation, on the other hand, has been neglected in most of the studies. Here, we combine spectrophotometric/visual modeling and genetic data to study the mechanisms promoting continuous variation within categorical color morphs of Podarcis muralis. Our results suggest that intra-morph variability in the pterin-based orange morph is greater compared to white and yellow morphs. We also show that continuous variation within the orange morph is partially discriminable by …
The evolutionary dynamics of adaptive virginity, sex-allocation and altruistic helping in haplodiploid animals
2018
In haplodiploids, females can produce sons from unfertilized eggs without mating. However, virgin reproduction is usually considered to be a result of a failure to mate, rather than an adaptation. Here, we build an analytical model for evolution of virgin reproduction, sex-allocation, and altruistic female helping in haplodiploid taxa. We show that when mating is costly (e.g., when mating increases predation risk), virginity can evolve as an adaptive female reproductive strategy. Furthermore, adaptive virginity results in strongly divergent sex-ratios in mated and virgin queen nests ("split sex ratios"), which promotes the evolution of altruistic helping by daughters in mated queen nests. H…
Simulating multilevel dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in a membrane computing model
2019
Membrane computing is a bio-inspired computing paradigm whose devices are the so-called membrane systems or P systems. The P system designed in this work reproduces complex biological landscapes in the computer world. It uses nested “membrane-surrounded entities” able to divide, propagate, and die; to be transferred into other membranes; to exchange informative material according to flexible rules; and to mutate and be selected by external agents. This allows the exploration of hierarchical interactive dynamics resulting from the probabilistic interaction of genes (phenotypes), clones, species, hosts, environments, and antibiotic challenges. Our model facilitates analysis of several aspects…
Extensions of known geographic distribution of aphyllophoroid fungi (Basidiomycota) in Finland
2016
Article
Lipocalins in Arthropod Chemical Communication.
2021
Abstract Lipocalins represent one of the most successful superfamilies of proteins. Most of them are extracellular carriers for hydrophobic ligands across aqueous media, but other functions have been reported. They are present in most living organisms including bacteria. In animals they have been identified in mammals, molluscs, and arthropods; sequences have also been reported for plants. A subgroup of lipocalins, referred to as odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), mediate chemical communication in mammals by ferrying specific pheromones to the vomeronasal organ. So far, these proteins have not been reported as carriers of semiochemicals in other living organisms; instead chemical communicatio…
Towards Automatic Testing of Reference Point Based Interactive Methods
2016
In order to understand strengths and weaknesses of optimization algorithms, it is important to have access to different types of test problems, well defined performance indicators and analysis tools. Such tools are widely available for testing evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithms. To our knowledge, there do not exist tools for analyzing the performance of interactive multiobjective optimization methods based on the reference point approach to communicating preference information. The main barrier to such tools is the involvement of human decision makers into interactive solution processes, which makes the performance of interactive methods dependent on the performance of huma…
Revista electrónica de investigación y evaluación educativa
2012
The aim of this paper was to analyze the evolution of learning strategies of two groups of students, excellent and average, from 11 degrees of the UPV (Valencia/Spain) in their freshman year. We used the CEVEAPEU questionnaire. The results confirmed the availability of better strategies of excellent students and also the existence of evolutionary patterns in which affective-emotional strategies decrease, such as value of the task or internal attributions, and that others increase, such as extrinsic motivation and external attributions. It seems that the student does not meet your expectations in the new context and professors have important responsibilities. El objetivo de este trabajo era …
Learning strategies in excellent and average university students. Their evolution over the first year of the career
2012
The aim of this paper was to analyze the evolution of learning strategies of two groups of students, excellent and average, from 11 degrees of the UPV (Valencia/Spain) in their freshman year. We used the CEVEAPEU questionnaire. The results confirmed the availability of better strategies of excellent students and also the existence of evolutionary patterns in which affective-emotional strategies decrease, such as value of the task or internal attributions, and that others increase, such as extrinsic motivation and external attributions. It seems that the student does not meet your expectations in the new context and professors have important responsibilities. El objetivo de este trabajo era …