Search results for "expectancy"
showing 10 items of 239 documents
Cardiovascular disease burden: Italian and global perspectives
2021
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for an estimated 17.8 million deaths globally in 2017, accounting for 31.8% of all deaths. In this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of CVD burden from an Italian and a global perspective. Methods Crude and age-standardized incidence and prevalence, as well as age-standardized mortality rate and morbidity rate (expressed as disability-adjusted life years - DALYs), of different cardiovascular conditions, derived from the Global Burden of Disease Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, were reported and compared between Italy and the world. Results Crude prevalence of CVD in Ita…
Long-Term Follow-Up of Children, Adolescents, and Young Adult Cancer Survivors.
2020
<b><i>Background and Summary:</i></b> Thanks to increasing cure rates to currently &#x3e;80%, children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYA) survive their cancer much more frequently today than decades ago. Due to their long life expectancy, CAYA cancer survivors are at a particular risk of long-term sequelae from the cancer itself or the therapy applied; this requires specific follow-up, and preventative or even therapeutic interventions. Thus, compared to the normal population, morbidity and mortality may be significantly increased. In 2 of 3 survivors, the cancer and the respective treatment can lead to late effects, even after 30 years, which require specific…
New insight into the genetics of age-related macular degeneration in connection with lipid metabolism
2010
Evaluation of: Zerbib J, Seddon JM, Richard F et al. rs5888 variant of SCARB1 gene is a possible susceptibility factor for age-related macular degeneration. PLoS ONE 4(10), e7341 (2009).Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual loss in elderly populations of Western countries. According to demographic forecasts, and owing to the improvement in life expectancy, the number of people suffering from this pathology is expected to dramatically increase in the near future, thereby becoming a significant socioeconomic burden. There has been great progress in defining risk factors for AMD over the last few decades. Beyond advanced age, environmental and genetic factors ha…
Global context effects on musical expectancy.
1997
The effects of global harmonic contexts on expectancy formation were studied in a set of three experiments. Eight-chord sequences were presented to subjects. Expectations for the last chord were varied by manipulating the harmonic context created by the first six: in one context, the last chord was part of an authentic cadence (V–I), whereas in the other, it was a fourth harmonic degree following a full cadence (I–IV). Given this change in harmonic function, the last chord was assumed to be more expected in the former context, all the other local parameters being held constant. The effect of global context on expectancy formation was supported by the fact that subjects reported a lower degr…
Familial hypercholesterolæmia in children and adolescents: Gaining decades of life by optimizing detection and treatment
2015
Contains fulltext : 155263.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common genetic cause of premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Globally, one baby is born with FH every minute. If diagnosed and treated early in childhood, individuals with FH can have normal life expectancy. This consensus paper aims to improve awareness of the need for early detection and management of FH children. Familial hypercholesterolaemia is diagnosed either on phenotypic criteria, i.e. an elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level plus a family history of elevated LDL-C, premature coronary artery disease and/or genetic diagnosis, or positive genetic testin…
E-wave and heart rate responses during anticipation of nonmotor events.
1994
This study concentrated on three main questions: 1) can anticipatory late negative shift (expectancy wave, E-wave) be elicited in nonmotor S1-S2 paradigm, 2) is it sensitive to variation of emotional aspects of the task and 3) is there a connection between heart rate (HR) responses and E-wave. S1 was a letter row that was replaced tachistoscopically by another letter row (S2). The task of the subjects (n = 12) was to detect if the critical aspects of S2 were similar to S1. After their delayed response they received feedback of their performance. The emotional aspects of the task were varied by presenting aversive noise bursts at the end of the feedback period either always, contingently to …
Expectancy in Sami Yoiks revisited: The role of data-driven and schema-driven knowledge in the formation of melodic expectations
2009
This study extends a previous study concerning melodic expectations in North Sami yoiks (Krumhansl et al., 2000) in which a comparison between expert and non-expert listeners demonstrated the existence of a core set of principles governing melodic expectancies. The previous findings are reconsidered using non-Western listeners (traditional healers from South Africa) in a modeling investigation. Comparison of different models made it possible to separate the role of data-driven and schema-driven models in melodic expectancies and to reveal any possible Western bias in previous studies. The results of the experiment, in which African listeners rated the fitness of probe-tones as continuation…
Drivers and outcomes of consumer engagement : Insights from mobile money usage in Ghana
2019
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the drivers of consumer engagement and its consequences via the experiences of mobile money services’ users in Ghana and to discuss its implications for the society, financial service innovation, delivery and operations. Design/methodology/approach A pre-tested survey instrument was used with a sample of 595 mobile money services users in Ghana. SmartPLS application was used to analyze the data and report findings. Findings The study shows that perceived risk, consumer empowerment, subjective norm, performance expectancy and effort expectancy influence the affect component of consumer engagement and explain around half of its variance. The ef…
Differences in Life Expectancy Between Self-Employed Workers and Paid Employees when Retirement Pensioners: Evidence from Spanish Social Security Rec…
2021
The aim of this paper is to examine differences in life expectancy (LE) between self-employed (SE) and paid employee (PE) workers when they become retirement pensioners, looking at levels of pension income using administrative data from Spanish social security records. We draw on the Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL) to quantify changes in total life expectancy at age 65 (LE(65)) among retired men over the longest possible period covered by this data source: 2005–2018. These changes are broken down by pension regime and initial pension income level for three periods. The literature presents mixed evidence, even for the same country–for Japan and Italy, for example–with some studies …
[Mortality and life expectancy trends for male pensioners by pension income level]
2020
We draw on the Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL) to investigate the differences in socioeconomic mortality among retired men aged 65 and above, over the longest possible period covered by this data source: 2005–2018. This paper deals with the case of Spain, since very little evidence concerning retirement pensioners is available for this country. The only indicator of socioeconomic status we use is the amount of the initial pension of the retired population. For 2005-2010 we find a gap in life expectancy of 1.49 years between pensioners in the highest and lowest income groups. This gap widens over time and reaches 2.58 years for the period 2015–2018. The increase in life expectancy …