Search results for "fair"
showing 10 items of 351 documents
Engineering multi-agent systems: State of affairs and the road ahead
2019
International audience; The continuous integration of software-intensive systems together with the ever-increasing computing power offer a breeding ground for intelligent agents and multi-agent systems (MAS) more than ever before. Over the past two decades, a wide variety of languages, models, techniques and methodologies have been proposed to engineer agents and MAS. Despite this substantial body of knowledge and expertise, the systematic engineering of large-scale and open MAS still poses many challenges. Researchers and engineers still face fundamental questions regarding theories, architectures, languages, processes, and platforms for designing, implementing, running, maintaining, and e…
Franchise fairs: A relevant signal in franchise choice in social activity
2016
Potential franchisees encounter difficulties in gaining knowledge about a franchise before embarking on their first start-up venture. For this reason, it is necessary to research which information signals help potential franchisees choose the franchise chains with which they wish to enter into business. Working within the framework of signaling theory, this study's aim is to analyze the relationship between franchise choice and brand, price and participation in franchise fairs. The dynamic signaling model deployed to achieve the study's aim draws on panel data methodology. This methodology allows us to analyze franchise chains over the period in which their parent franchises were using sign…
Conflictual Rebordering: The Russia Policies of Finland and Estonia
2023
This article seeks to analyse the process of conflictual rebordering in the EU’s relations with Russia. The authors single out three major crises that triggered and shaped the process of toughening the border regime and the related transformations of political meaning of the EU-Russia border: the COVID-19 pandemic, the drastic deterioration of Moscow-Brussels relations in the beginning of 2021 and the war in Ukraine that started on 24 February 2022. Correspondingly, the EU’s reactions to each of these critical junctures might be described through the academic concepts of governmentality, normativity and geopolitics. Our aim is to look at the three ensuing models – governmental, normative an…
Les enjeux éthiques de la reconnaissance : la nécessaire participation à une action collective
2016
International audience
L'éthique dans les entreprises
2020
3ème édition; National audience; L’intérêt pour l’éthique organisationnelle, la responsabilité sociale de l’entreprise (RSE), le développement durable ne se dément pas. Comment appréhender la dimension éthique dans la gestion d’organisations encastrées dans un environnement complexe, dynamique et global ? Quel rôle pour l’entreprise dans nos sociétés ? Quelle est la nature de ses responsabilités envers ses parties prenantes (stakeholders) ? Comment intégrer les préoccupations sociales et écologiques dans la stratégie des organisations ? Comment reconnaître les problèmes éthiques, distinguer les bonnes des mauvaises pratiques, apprécier les tensions existant entre les différents niveaux de r…
Le commerce équitable et la société civile internationale : une chance pour la mondialisation d'un droit de l'économie solidaire
2003
SUMMARY The international trade law passes through a crisis of legitimacy following the inequitable character of its rules and the irrelevance of its principles to the peculiarities of the North-South relations. Being the legal translation of the capitalist free market economic system, these rules are to protect the mercantile and free trade values. In order to overcome this crisis the movement of fair trade has emerged and has since its origin been supported by members of the international civil society. Fair trade means taking into account the standard of living and the conditions of employment of the marginalized producers in developing countries so as to improve them. This study is an a…
Report on Italy
2019
The right to take part personally in criminal proceedings, although not expressly provided at a Constitutional level, is an expression of the principle of a fair trial upheld by Article 6 of the ECHR and translated into Article 111 of the Italian Constitution. In the course of years, the CCP, also following some condemnations by the Strasbourg Court, underwent several modifications aimed at implementing principles and conditions affirmed by the ECHR that can legitimate proceedings in absentia of a defendant. This study is structured into different parts. In the first, an analysis of national rules concerning the participation of a defendant and other private parties at each stage of proceed…
Fair Trial e "giusto processo" italiano
2016
Il contributo esplora le sequenze storiche e le dinamiche culturali dell’innesto, nella cultura giuridica italiana, della categoria concettuale del “giusto processo”, dal primo affacciarsi del concetto nel dibattito dottrinale della seconda metà del novecento al suo consolidarsi, anche grazie alla giurisprudenza costituzionale, dapprima alla stregua di una ricostruzione interna condotta in chiave autarchica, di seguito, e sempre più consapevolmente, alla luce del canone sovranazionale del fair trial e del case law della Corte di Strasburgo; il punto di svolta, più che nelle sentenze “gemelle” del 2007, è individuato nel varo del “nuovo” art. 117 Cost. e nel successivo stratificarsi di nuove…
Conceptual framework and measurement: A survey on the international debate
2015
In response to the ‘2011 Agenda Consultation’, the IASB launched in July 2013 a call for a new Discussion Paper on the ‘Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting’. This article aims to offer a contribution to the debate on the effectiveness of the theme of ‘Measurement’, by investigating the use of the current evaluation models in the literature and practice of Financial Reporting. The article proposes at first a historical survey both of the international debate on Fair Value Accounting vs. Historical Cost Accounting and of the Italian theories on the valuation. Later the paper proposes some considerations about the key questions related to Measurement and the possible policy implicatio…
A Fair Share of Work: Is Fairness of Task Distribution a Mediator Between Transformational Leadership and Follower Emotional Exhaustion?
2019
Drawing on social resource theory and the norm of equity, this research proposes fairness of task distribution as a mediating mechanism of the well-established relationship between transformational leadership and followers’ well-being, conceptualizing the latter as low emotional exhaustion. Using data from 479 German employees in a three-wave longitudinal study, we found transformational leadership to be related to fair task distribution over time. The perceived fairness of task distribution mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and follower emotional exhaustion (structural equation modeling) when excluding stabilities. Our results also show a reverse causation effec…