Search results for "farmacologia"

Statistical analysis of a survey about diffusion of binge drinking and drunkorexia among students in Palermo

2018

Youth alcohol consumption is a major global public health concern. Previous reviews have concluded that exposure to alcohol marketing was associated with drinking initiation and higher alcohol consumption among youth. From January to May 2017, a survey has been conducted through administration of questionnaires about the diffusion of Binge Drinking and Drunkorexia among the students of Palermo. Test was administered, during school time, to 2331 students between the ages of 13 and 20. Regarding the analysis of the questionnaires, 97,8% of student declares to have drunk at least once: their first taste of alcoholic drink happens at the age of thirteen/fourteen. They prefer to drink at the dis…

Both Short- and Long-Acting D-1/D-2 Dopamine Agonists Induce Less Dyskinesia than l-DOPA in the MPTP-Lesioned Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

2002

Abstract The current concept of dyskinesia is that pulsatile stimulation of D-1 or D-2 receptors by l -DOPA or short-acting dopamine agonists is more likely to induce dyskinesia compared to long-acting drugs producing more continuous receptor stimulation. We now investigate the ability of two mixed D-1/D-2 agonists, namely pergolide (long-acting) and apomorphine (short-acting), to induce dyskinesia in drug-naive MPTP-lesioned primates, compared to l -DOPA. Adult common marmosets ( Callithrix jacchus ) were lesioned with MPTP (2 mg/kg/day sc for 5 days) and subsequently treated with equieffective antiparkinsonian doses of l -DOPA, apomorphine, or pergolide for 28 days. l -DOPA, apomorphine, …

GDNF reverses priming for dyskinesia in MPTP-treated, L-DOPA-primed common marmosets

2001

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with a progressive loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra and degeneration of dopaminergic terminals in the striatum. Although L-DOPA treatment provides the most effective symptomatic relief for PD it does not prevent the progression of the disease, and its long-term use is associated with the onset of dyskinesia. In rodent and primate studies, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) may prevent 6-OHDA- or MPTP-induced nigral degeneration and so may be beneficial in the treatment of PD. In this study, we investigate the effects of GDNF on the expression of dyskinesia in L-DOPA-primed MPTP-treated common marmosets, exhibiting dyskin…

L’EBPM nella profilassi del paziente oncologico

2014

Premesse e Scopo dello studio: Valutare il beneficio dell’uso del- l’EBMP nella profilassi del paziente oncologico poiché questi presen- tano un rischio tromboembolico elevato. Metodi e Risultati: Nell’ultimo triennio presso il Dipartimento di Chi- rurgia Generale e di Urgenza dell'Az. Ospedali riuniti Villa Sofia - Cervello sono stati operati per cancro al retto sigma e sottoposti ad intervento di emicolectomia sx e resezione anteriore del retto 87 pazienti di cui 34 uomini e 53 donne, di questi 13 donne e 5 uomini hanno sviluppato durante il follow-up terapeutico oncologico complicanze a carico di sto- mie cutanee. In tutti i pazienti venuti alla nostra osservazione si sono evidenziati a …

Antitumor Effect of Glandora rosmarinifolia (Boraginaceae) Essential Oil through Inhibition of the Activity of the Topo II Enzyme in Acute Myeloid Le…

2022

It was previously shown that the antitumor and cytotoxic activity of the essential oil (EO) extracted from the aerial parts of Glandora rosmarinifolia appears to involve a pro-oxidant mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Its most abundant compound is a hydroxy-methyl-naphthoquinone isomer. Important pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antiparasitic activities, are attributed to naphthoquinones, probably due to their pro-oxidant or electrophilic potential; for some naphthoquinones, a mechanism of action of topoisomerase inhibition has been reported, in which they appear to act b…

Statistical survey focused on diffusion and knowledge of energy drinks, conducted in Palermo

2022

In recent years energy drinks consumption has increased, due to their ability to improve physical and cognitive performance. Unfortunately, because of poor or incorrect information, people are not always aware of the harmful consequences of these drinks such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, tachycardia until death. Therefore, we conducted a statistical survey in the Palermo area, submitting a paper questionnaire to 1003 people. Data analysis shows that only 29% of the audience never consumed energy drinks, while 71% tried them at least once in their life, especially in adolescence; 81% never or rarely drink them, 14% drink them a few times a month, while 5% drink them several times a wee…

Uso delle eparine a basso peso molecolare in chirurgia generale e d'urgenza

L’Eparina è un mucopolisaccaride estratto da alcuni organi quali il polmone, fegato e mucosa intestinale e si lega alla superficie delle cellule endoteliali. La sua attività biologica richiede la presenza di un cofattore plasmatico ad attività inibitrice proteasica [Antitrombina III], che inibisce i fattori proteasici della coagulazione formando con essi complessi stabili equimolari. In assenza di eparina, tali reazioni sono lente, mentre al contrario sono accelerate di quasi 1000 volte. Le molecole di Eparina sono altamente attive e si legano fortemente all’Antitrombina, determinando alterazioni conformazionali dell’inibitore: tali modifiche espongono il suo sito attivo per una più rapida …

Benefici e svantaggi delle eparine a basso peso molecolare

2014

Premesse e Scopo dello studio: Le eparine a basso peso molecolare vengono utilizzate per la prevenzione e il trattamento della coagula- zione del sangue, l’obiettivo è quello di ridurre al minimo gli effetti collaterali in seguito alla somministrazione delle varie molecole. Metodi e Risultati: L’analisi stata effettuata presso il Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e di Urgenza dell’A.O. Ospedali riuniti Villa Sofia - Cervello, su un campione di circa 80 pazienti con età compresa tra i 35-80 anni, 50 sono di sesso femminile e 30 sono di sesso maschile, sono stati riscontrati dall'osservazione effettuata i seguenti effetti collaterali: per quanto riguarda la Parnaparina e la Bemiparina sangui…

Ethanol releases corticotropic releasing hormone (CRH) from rat hypothalamic explants; role of acetaldehyde

2009

Ethanol activates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, resulting in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) glucocorticoid release, and a modification of the response of this axis to other stressors (Lee et al 1999, 2000). To determine the mechanisms responsible for these effects we investigated : 1) whether ethanol was able to release CRH from incubated hypothalamic explants; 2) whether acetaldehyde (ACD), its first metabolite formed in the brain by catalase activity, might play a role in ethanol effects. To this aim, rat hypothalamic explants were incubated with: 1) medium containing ethanol at 150 mg %; 2) different concentrations of ACD (4.4, 13.2, 44, 132 x 10-3 mg%); 3) ethanol plus …

Ethanol stimulates corticotropic releasing hormone (CRH) release from rat hypothalamic explants; role of acetaldehyde

2009

Ethanol is able to activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and to modify its response to other stressors, releasing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and glucocorticoid release, (Lee et al 1999, 2000). In the brain ethanol is diverted by catalase activity into acetaldehyde, which is reported to mediate some of its behavioural and neurochemical effects. (Peana et al 2008, Melis et al 2007) Thus, to clarifìy the mechanisms underlying ethanol activity on the HPA axis we investigated :1) ethanol effect on CRH release from incubated hypothalamic explants; 2) the role of acetaldehyde (ACD), in mediating ethanol activity. To this aim, rat hypothalamic explants were incubated with…