Search results for "females"

showing 10 items of 14 documents

Divergence is not speciation, or why we need females : a comment on Tinghitella et al

2018

Postprint Peer reviewed

0106 biological sciencesGEQH301 Biology05 social sciencesT-NDASfemalesBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencescommentQH301sukupuolivalintaspeciationEvolutionary biologyGenetic algorithmta11810501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAnimal Science and Zoologylajiutuminen050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyDivergence (statistics)divergenceEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGE Environmental SciencesBehavioral Ecology
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Female brown bears use areas with infanticide risk in a spatially confined population

2020

Areas used by female brown bears (Ursus arctos) with cubs-of-the-year (hereafter, FCOY) during the first months after den exit are crucial for offspring survival, primarily because of the risk of infanticide by male bears. Therefore, FCOY may avoid areas frequented by adult males during the mating season. The main aim of this study was to identify landscape features (i.e., structure, composition, and human footprint) that may differentiate the habitat use of FCOY in the small bear population of the Cantabrian Mountains (northwestern Spain; 2001–2016) from (a) areas frequented by females with yearlings, because older cubs are at less risk of infanticide than cubs-of-the-year, and (b) bear ma…

0106 biological sciencesInfanticidePopulationManagement Monitoring Policy and Law010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesRestricted rangeSeasonal breederUrsusMatingeducationMating areasBehavioral adaptationNature and Landscape Conservationeducation.field_of_studybiologyEcologybiology.organism_classificationHuman-modified landscapesUrsus arctos010601 ecologyGeographyHabitatfemales with cubsAnimal Science and ZoologyHuman footprintUrsus
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Extended haplodiploidy hypothesis

2019

P.R., M.P., and H.H. were supported by Academy of Finland (grant 258385 to M.P., grant 135970 to H.H., and 252411 to the Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions), P.R. also by the Royal Society Newton International Fellowship, and H.H. also by the Kone Foundation. Evolution of altruistic behavior was a hurdle for the logic of Darwinian evolution. Soon after Hamilton formalized the concept of inclusive fitness, which explains how altruism can evolve, he suggested that the high sororal relatedness brought by haplodiploidy could be why Hymenopterans have a high prevalence in eusocial species, and why helpers in Hymenoptera are always female. Later it was noted that in order to capitali…

0106 biological sciencesLettersukupuolen määräytyminenmedia_common.quotation_subjectQH301 BiologyPopulationeducationHYMENOPTERAlcsh:EvolutionevoluutioKin selection010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesAltruismreproductive altruismSPLIT SEX-RATIOS03 medical and health sciencesQH301RELATEDNESSGeneticslcsh:QH359-425Population growthkin selectionLetterseducationEUSOCIALITYsukulaisvalintaEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicshealth care economics and organizations030304 developmental biologymedia_common0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyinclusive fitnesshaplodiploidy hypothesisInclusive fitnessDASEusocialityEVOLUTIONHaplodiploidy hypothesisMALES1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyHaplodiploidyPsychologySex ratioBEHAVIORFEMALESDemography
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Neurobiological signature of intimacy in anorexia nervosa

2019

Background Intimacy and psychosexual development represent core problems of anorexia nervosa (AN). Experiential and neurobiological evidence however is scarce. Material and methods Thirty-one female AN patients were compared with 35 non-patients (NP) and 22 recovered participants (REC) by using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants viewed pictures of couples in intimate relationships and control stimuli. Results AN patients experienced intimate stimuli with lower valence and dominance. AN showed decreased activation of parietal cortices. NP decreased the prefrontal cortex response, which AN patients did not. REC participants did not differ from NP on a behavioural level, thoug…

AdultSexual BehaviorPICTURE STIMULIDysfunctional familyintimacyanorexia nervosaROMANTIC LOVEArousalACTIVATIONYoung AdultmedicineSEXUALITYHumansValence (psychology)Prefrontal cortexABUSEENVIRONMENTmedicine.diagnostic_testWOMENAROUSALmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imagingfunctional magnetic resonance imagingPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyEating disordersATTACHMENT REPRESENTATIONAnorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses)Psychosexual developmentFemaleFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPsychologyFEMALESClinical psychologyEuropean Eating Disorders Review
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Baltu filoloģija, 23. sēj., Nr.2

2015

Automation of Morphological AnalysisEbreju tautības sieviešu personvārdiPersonvārdiīpašvārdiEmīlija SoidaPareizības kritēriji latviešu valodāRecenzija parProfesore Marta RudzīteFolklingvistikaEesti Keele Sihtastus 2012." [Recenzija par "Metsmägi Iris Meeli Sedrik Sven-Erik Soosaar. Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat. Tallinn]The Names of Jewish FemalesDialect of the Northern Samogitians of KretingaSuntažu pagasta māju nosaukumižemaišu dialekta izloksnes
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Comparison of heart rate monitoring with indirect calorimetry for energy expenditure evaluation

2012

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare established methods with newly-developed methods for estimating the total energy expenditure (TEE). Methods The study subjects comprised 46 individuals, including 16 middle-aged men (mean age 51.4 years), 14 middle-aged women (mean age 49.9 years) and 16 young women (mean age 19.1 years). The TEE was estimated from 24-h heart rate (HR) data using newly-developed software (MoveSense HRAnalyzer 2011a, RC1, Suunto Oy, Vantaa, Finland), and was compared against the TEE determined using doubly labeled water (DLW). Agreement between the two methods was analyzed using Bland and Altman plots. Results The HR method yielded similar TEE values …

Doubly labeled waterbusiness.industryHeart rate monitoringPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationMean ageDoubly labeled waterta3141Mean differenceTotal energy expenditureEnergy expenditureMales and femalesHeart rate monitoringHeart rateMedicineTotal energy expenditureOrthopedics and Sports Medicinebusinesshuman activitiesGroup levelDemographyJournal of Sport and Health Science
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Stroke incidence, prevalence and mortality in women worldwide

2016

Background The study of sex differences on stroke incidence, prevalence and mortality is an emerging field of stroke epidemiology and care. Aims This study sought to determine the information available on stroke epidemiology in women worldwide and possible sex differences in stroke epidemiology, and, if so, describe the nature of these differences and whether they are consistent across countries/groups of countries. Summary We searched the available literature in English published between 1 January 2008 and 5 May 2015. Out of 17.789 papers only 56 peer-reviewed papers (29 community-based studies, 17 retrospective studies, 6 reviews, and 4 cross-sectional studies) have been included in the s…

GerontologyMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologyEthnic Groups030204 cardiovascular system & hematology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSex FactorsFemalesEpidemiology; Females; Incidence; Mortality; Prevalence; Stroke; Age Factors; Ethnic Groups; Female; Humans; Male; Prevalence; Stroke; Survival Analysis; Sex Factors; NeurologyEpidemiologymedicineEthnicityPrevalenceHumansMortalityStrokebusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceAge FactorsRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisStrokeEpidemiological transitionNeurologyFemalebusinessStroke incidence030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemography
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Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity across Body Mass Index in Females : Moderating Effect of Endocannabinoids and Temperament

2014

Altres ajuts: This manuscript was supported by grants from Instituto Salud Carlos III (FIS PI11/210 and CIBERobn). Sarah Sauchelli is recipient of a pre-doctoral Grant (2013-17) by IDIBELL. Jose C. Fernández-García is recipient of a 'Rio Hortega' contract from 'Instituto de Salud Carlos III', Madrid, Spain (CM12/00059). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Endocannabinoids and temperament traits have been linked to both physical activity and body mass index (BMI) however no study has explored how these factors interact in females. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to 1) examine differences…

PhysiologyObesidad:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings]Social SciencesDonesÍndice de masa corporalBlood plasmaBiochemistry:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]Body Mass IndexMorbid obesityEndocrinologyFemalesMedicine and Health SciencesHomeostasisPsychologyPublic and Occupational HealthBody mass index (BMI)Big Five personality traitsmedia_commonMultidisciplinaryQRNeurochemistryMiddle AgedLipidsEating disordersEndocannabinoidesPhysiological ParametersHomeostatic MechanismsEating disordersMedicineHarm avoidanceObesitatFemaleBehavioral and Social Aspects of HealthBioelectrical impedance analysisResearch ArticlePersonality:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyEsfuerzo físicoMujerSciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectObesitat mòrbidaExerciciMotor ActivityBiology:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Personality::Temperament [Medical Subject Headings]Internal medicinemedicine:Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Processes::Physical Exertion [Medical Subject Headings]HumansÁcidos araquidónicosWomenObesitySports and Exercise MedicineTemperamentTrastorns de la conducta alimentàriaExerciseMotivationBehavior:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Human MovementPhysical activityTemperamentoBody WeightCognitive PsychologyNovelty seekingBiology and Life SciencesModerate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)NeuroendocrinologyPlasma sanguinimedicine.diseaseObesityMorbid ObesityMetabolismEndocrinology:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Cognitive ScienceTemperamentEnergy MetabolismPhysiological ProcessesBody mass indexNeuroscienceEndocannabinoids
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Stiff landings are associated with increased ACL injury risk in young female basketball and floorball players

2016

Background: Few prospective studies have investigated the biomechanical risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between biomechanical characteristics of vertical drop jump (VDJ) performance and the risk of ACL injury in young female basketball and floorball players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: At baseline, a total of 171 female basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in a VDJ test using 3-dimensional motion analysis. The following biomechanical variables were analyzed: (1) knee valgus angle at initial contact (IC), (2) peak knee abduction moment, (3) knee flexion angle at …

Poison controlfloorball0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsPrevalenceOrthopedics and Sports MedicineProspective Studiesta315ChildProspective cohort studybasketballFinlandOrthodontics030222 orthopedicsbiologyIncidenceHazard ratioanterior cruciate ligamentBiomechanicsta3141femalesmusculoskeletal systemBiomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structurefemaleAthletic Injuriesvertical drop jumpmedicine.medical_specialtyBasketballAdolescentAnterior cruciate ligamentPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationbiomechanicsYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansKneeExercisebusiness.industryAnterior Cruciate Ligament Injuriesscreening030229 sport sciencesbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseACL injuryValgusROC CurvePhysical therapybiomechanichsbusinesshuman activities
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BMI can influence adult males' and females' airway hyperresponsiveness differently

2012

Abstract Background Epidemiological data indicate that obesity is a risk factor for asthma, but scientific literature is still debating the association between changes in body mass index (BMI) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Methods This study aimed at evaluating the influence of BMI on AHR, in outpatients with symptoms suggestive of asthma. 4,217 consecutive adult subjects (2,439 M; mean age: 38.2±14.9 yrs; median FEV1 % predicted: 100 [IQR:91.88-107.97] and FEV1/FVC % predicted: 85.77% [IQR:81.1-90.05]), performed a methacholine challenge test for suspected asthma. Subjects with PD20 20 20 > 800 were considered affected by severe, moderate or mild AHR, respectively. Results A total …

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicineobesitymedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyAirway hyperresponsivenessPhysiologybody mass indexSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio03 medical and health sciencesFEV1/FVC ratio0302 clinical medicineAirway hyperresponsivenessEpidemiologymedicinemales and femalesobesity hyperreactivity lung function genderOriginal Research Article030212 general & internal medicineRisk factorSuspected asthmaAsthmalcsh:RC705-7792. Zero hungerbusiness.industrymethacholine testlcsh:Diseases of the respiratory systemasthmarespiratory systemmedicine.diseaseObesityrespiratory tract diseases030228 respiratory systembusinessBody mass index
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