Search results for "fertility"

A Side-by-Side Single Sex Age-Structured Human Population Dynamic Model: Exact Solution and Model Validation

2008

A side-by-side single sex age-structured population dynamic model is presented in this paper. The model consists of two coupled von Foerster-McKendrick-type quasi-linear partial differential equations, two initial conditions, and two boundary conditions. The state variables of the model are male and female population densities. The solutions of these partial differential equations provide explicit time and age dependence of the variables. The initial conditions define the male and female population densities at the initial time, while the boundary conditions compute the male and female births at zero-age by using fertility rates. The assumptions of the nontime-dependence of the death and fe…

2018

Summary Background Population estimates underpin demographic and epidemiological research and are used to track progress on numerous international indicators of health and development. To date, internationally available estimates of population and fertility, although useful, have not been produced with transparent and replicable methods and do not use standardised estimates of mortality. We present single-calendar year and single-year of age estimates of fertility and population by sex with standardised and replicable methods. Methods We estimated population in 195 locations by single year of age and single calendar year from 1950 to 2017 with standardised and replicable methods. We based t…

Well-being and demographic dynamics

2012

This paper presents a socio-demographic model defined by sexes and structured by age. The model is a von Foerster-McKendrick model for the dynamics of population by sex and age of a general human population. The fertility and deaths rates are structured by age and they depend on the well-being variable. The well-being variable is defined by UN, HDI-Hybrid. We present the validation of the stochastic formulation model from the case of Spain in the period 2003–2008.

PCOS Phenotypes: Impact on Fertility

2018

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterised by an extreme heterogeneity and at least four main phenotypes may be distinguished. In referred population, anovulatory hyperandrogenic phenotype (classic PCOS or phenotypes A and B) is by far the most common phenotype and presents the most severe endocrine and metabolic alterations. Ovulatory PCOS and normoandrogenic phenotype represent a mild form of PCOS that is more common in general population and/or (normoandrogenic) in some particular ethnic group. During their life, because of changes in lifestyle or because of spontaneous changes in ovarian and adrenal androgen secretion that occur during late reproductive age, patients may move fro…

Antioxidants in ICSI

2013

Male factor infertility can be caused by reasons, either related or not with total sperm production. Among causes of male infertility in cases of normal sperm count and motility, oxidative stress is one of the most relevant processes influencing fertility in vivo or in assisted reproduction treatments’ results. This chapter provides the most updated information regarding the oxidative stress situation in sperm and the relevance of antioxidants use in intracytoplasmic sperm injection results.

Reply of the Authors: Hysteroscopic resection of the uterine septum: is it always a necessity?

2009

[No abstract available]

Covid-19 pandemic impact on demographic changes in the Baltic

2022

Maģistra darbā "Covid-19 pandēmijas ietekme uz demogrāfiskajām izmaiņām Baltijas valstīs" tiek analizētas demogrāfiskās izmaiņas trijās Baltijas valstīs Covid-19 pandēmijas ietekmē, fokusējoties uz tādiem galvenajiem jautājumiem kā mirstība, dzimstība un ģimenes plānošana, kā arī migrācija nacionālā līmenī. Lai izpildītu darba mērķi tika apskatītas galvenās demogrāfiskās tendences Baltijas valstīs pēdējā desmitgadē, lai izsekotu, vai pandēmija ir mainījusi esošos demogrāfiskos trendus. Pētījuma ietvaros (1)autore analizēja iepriekšējos pētījumus par demogrāfisko pāreju Eiropā un Baltijas valstīs un pētījumus par Covid-19 demogrāfisko ietekmi visā pasaulē, (2) tika izskatītas galvenās demogr…

Physiologizing (In)fertility in the Roman World: Lucretius on Sacrifice, Nature, and Generation

2016

The present paper reassesses the intellectual background of Lucretius’ treatment of infertility in 4.1233-1241, pointing out the author’s ability to combine genuine Epicurean doctrine and Roman cultural patterns. Lucretius’ denigration of religious mentality and his efforts to offer an entirely rational explanation of (in)fertility are interpreted in light of both internal evidence in the De Rerum Natura (e.g. 1.1-20; 248-264; 2.581- 660) and differents kinds of external evidence - including the so-called Laudatio Turiae, Rome’s fertility cults, and underused Epicurean sources such as PHerc 908/1390. Indeed, while systematically delegitimizing the traditional connection between supernatural…

Fertility, Family, and Human Migrations

2019

The aim of this course is to introduce students to the relationship between demographic change, economic growth, and human well-being. Nothing is more fundamental to our experience whether as individuals, as family members and in society, as death, birth, and our physical place in the world. While those basic features of human life have remained a constant feature of our existence, the nature of the economic and social forces that determine the character of these interactions have changed considerably over time. The topics covered in the course illustrate examples of how human societies have wrestled with demographic problems both in history and at present. We study these topics through an …

Lapsettomuutta kokeneiden tupakointi, alkoholinkäyttö ja paino Terveys 2011 tutkimuksessa

2017

TIIVISTELMÄ Vilanti, T. 2017. Lapsettomuutta kokeneiden tupakointi, alkoholinkäyttö ja paino Terveys 2011 tutkimuksessa. Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, Jyväskylän yliopisto, Terveyskasvatuksen pro gradu -tutkielma Osa I 28 s., 2 liitettä. Osa II 19s. Tahaton lapsettomuus on yleistynyt sekä naisilla että miehillä niin Suomessa kuin maailmanlaajuisestikin. Monien elintapojen on todettu olevan yhteydessä hedelmällisyyteen. Heikentävästi siihen vaikuttavia ovat tupakointi, liiallinen alkoholin käyttö, epäterveellinen ruokavalio, sekä yli- tai alipaino. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tuottaa uutta tietoa lapsettomuuden ja siihen vaikuttavien elintapojen välisistä yhteyksistä yleensä sekä verrat…