Search results for "fetal"
showing 10 items of 454 documents
Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and birth outcomes in a Spanish birth cohort
2017
BACKGROUND: Prenatal perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) exposure has been associated with reduced birth weight but maternal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) may attenuate this association. Further, this association remains unclear for other perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoate (PFNA). We estimated associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and birth outcomes, and the influence of GFR, in a Spanish birth cohort. METHODS: We measured PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA in 1st-trimester maternal plasma (years: 2003-2008) in 1202 mother-child pairs. Continuous birth outcomes included standardized weight, length, he…
MicroRNA-148b-3p and MicroRNA-25-3p Are Overexpressed in Fetuses with Late-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction
2019
<b><i>Objective:</i></b> It was the aim of this study to describe a microRNA (miRNA) profile characteristic of late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) and to investigate the pathways involved in their biochemical action. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this prospective study, 25 fetuses (16 normal and 9 with FGR [estimated fetal weight &#x3c;10th centile plus cerebroplacental ratio &#x3c;0.6765 multiples of the median]) were evaluated with Doppler ultrasound after 36 weeks. Afterwards, for every fetus, plasma from umbilical vein blood was collected at birth, miRNA was extracted, and full miRNA sequencing was performed. Subsequently, compa…
Prenatal and postnatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder: a pooled analysis of seven Europea…
2018
International audience; Background - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasing worldwide for reasons largely unknown and environmental chemicals with neurotoxic properties, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), have been proposed to play a role. We investigated the association between prenatal and postnatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl-153 (PCB-153), p-p´-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p-p'-DDE) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and ADHD in childhood. Methods - We pooled seven European birth cohort studies encompassing 4437 mother-child pairs from the general population with concentrations of PCB-153, p-p´-DDE and HCB measured in cord blood, maternal blood o…
Occupational Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Birth Weight and Length of Gestation: A European Meta-Analysis
2016
BACKGROUND: Women of reproductive age can be exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) at work, and exposure to EDCs in pregnancy may affect fetal growth. OBJECTIVES: We assessed whether maternal occupational exposure to EDCs during pregnancy as classified by application of a job exposure matrix was associated with birth weight, term low birth weight (LBW), length of gestation, and preterm delivery. METHODS: Using individual participant data from 133,957 mother-child pairs in 13 European cohorts spanning births from 1994 through 2011, we linked maternal job titles with exposure to 10 EDC groups as assessed through a job exposure matrix. For each group, we combined the two levels of e…
Birth Weight and Prenatal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE): A Meta-analysis within 12 European…
2011
Abstract: Objectives: Exposure to high concentrations of persistent organochlorines may cause fetal toxicity, but the evidence at low exposure levels is limited. Large studies with substantial exposure contrasts and appropriate exposure assessment are warranted. Within the framework of the EU (European Union) ENRIECO (ENvironmental Health RIsks in European Birth Cohorts) and EU OBELIX (OBesogenic Endocrine disrupting chemicals: LInking prenatal eXposure to the development of obesity later in life) projects, we examined the hypothesis that the combination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) adversely affects birth weight. Methods: We used maternal a…
Hydrops, fetal pleural effusions and chylothorax in three patients with CBL mutations.
2014
Fetal hydrops, fetal pleural effusions, hydrothorax, and chylothorax, may be associated with various genetic disorders, in particular with the Noonan, cardio-facio-cutaneous and Costello syndromes. These syndromes, collectively called RASopathies, are caused by mutations in the RAS/MAPK pathway, which is known to play a major role in lymphangiogenesis. Recently, germline mutations in the Casitas B-cell lymphoma (CBL) gene were reported in 25 patients and of these, 20 had juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). The disorder was named "CBL syndrome" or "Noonan syndrome-like disorder with or without juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia" (NSLL). To date, prenatal abnormalities have not been report…
Loss of desmoglein 2 suggests essential functions for early embryonic development and proliferation of embryonal stem cells.
2002
Summary Desmoglein 2 (Dsg2) is a Ca 2+ -dependent adhesion molecule of desmosomes and is synthesized in all desmosome-bearing tissues from their earliest appearance onward. To examine the function of Dsg2, its gene was inactivated by homologous recombination in embryonal stem (ES) cells for the generation of knockout mice. DSG2 −/− mice and a considerable number of DSG2 +/− mice died at or shortly after implantation. On the other hand, DSG2 −/− blastocysts developed an apparently normal trophectoderm layer, the first tissue known to produce desmosomes, and hatched properly. Immunofluorescence analyses of these blastocysts showed, however, that the distribution of the desmosomal plaque prote…
Bone morphogenetic protein-4 is required for mesoderm formation and patterning in the mouse.
1995
Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily of polypeptide signaling molecules, closely related to BMP-2 and to Drosophila decapentaplegic (DPP). To elucidate the role of BMP-4 in mouse development the gene has been inactivated by homologous recombination in ES cells. Homozygous mutant Bmp-4tm1blh embryos die between 6.5 and 9.5 days p.c., with a variable phenotype. Most Bmp-4tm1blh embryos do not proceed beyond the egg cylinder stage, do not express the mesodermal marker T(Brachyury), and show little or no mesodermal differentiation. Some homozygous mutants develop to the head fold or beating heart/early somite stage or beyond. However, they are development…
Familial fatal fetal cardiomyopathy with isolated myocardial calcifications: A new syndrome?
2001
We describe three male sib fetuses with isolated myocardial calcifications resulting in intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) as early as the second trimester. No evidence for an underlying mitochondrial cytopathy, dystrophinopathy or myopathy was found. There were no signs of inflammation or a metabolic disorder, and the mother had no prenatal exposure of teratogenic drugs. Furthermore, no mutation in the Barth syndrome gene (G4.5) could be detected. Because isolated calcification of the heart and IUFD are not typical of any previously described inherited cardiomyopathy, it may represent a new familial fetal cardiomyopathy.
Are antiphospholipid antibodies an essential requirement for an effective immune response to infections?
2007
Antiphospholipid antibodies show a close association to a variety of infections. Recent data implicate that parvovirus B19 may be used as a model-system for studying the interaction of viral infection and the development of these autoantibodies. B19-related diseases commonly associated with the acute infection show flu-like symptoms, transient arthralgias, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and, in pregnant women, spontaneous abortion and hydrops fetalis. Hepatitis, myocarditis, meningitis, encephalitis, as well as pure red cell anemia may occur occasionally. In addition, parvovirus B19 infections have been frequently described as the cause or trigger of various forms of autoimmune diseases a…