Search results for "fetal"

Prospettive di terapia fetale.

2009

Prenatal sonographic chest and lung measurements for predicting severe pulmonary hypoplasia.

1999

Pulmonary hypoplasia was diagnosed sonographically in 32 fetuses from 20 to 33 weeks of gestation. In addition to standard biometry, transverse thoracic diameter (TTD), sagittal thoracic diameter (TSD), thoracic circumference (TC) and lung diameter (LD) were measured in all cases and compared with known nomograms. The fetuses were divided into five groups according to the main sonographic findings: group 1—skeletal dysplasia; group 2—renal agenesis; group 3—diaphragmatic hernia; group 4—hydrothorax; and group 5—others. Severe pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) was diagnosed prenatally in all cases on the basis of LD measurements. In 17 (53.1 per cent) out of 32 cases TTD was below the 5th percentile…

Volume scanning in the evaluation of fetal malformations: a new dimension in prenatal diagnosis

1995

Three-dimensional ultrasound examination was performed in 204 patients with a fetal malformation detected by conventional ultrasound. The patients were examined between 13 and 40 weeks of gestation. The ultrasound equipment used was a Combison 330 and a Combison 530 (Kretztechnik, Austria) with an abdominal Voluson sector transducer (3.5/5 MHz) (Kretztechnik, Austria). This ultrasound system can provide a high-quality three-dimensional surface or translucency image of fetal structures similar to that of a photograph or an X-ray image within seconds without an additional expensive work-station. Of the 204 patients examined with three-dimensional ultrasound, this technique proved advantageous…

Associations of Maternal Cell-Phone Use During Pregnancy With Pregnancy Duration and Fetal Growth in 4 Birth Cohorts

2019

Results from studies evaluating potential effects of prenatal exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields from cell phones on birth outcomes have been inconsistent. Using data on 55,507 pregnant women and their children from Denmark (1996-2002), the Netherlands (2003-2004), Spain (2003-2008), and South Korea (2006-2011), we explored whether maternal cell-phone use was associated with pregnancy duration and fetal growth. On the basis of self-reported number of cell-phone calls per day, exposure was grouped as none, low (referent), intermediate, or high. We examined pregnancy duration (gestational age at birth, preterm/postterm birth), fetal growth (birth weight ratio, small/large size…

Anti-fetal immune response mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of placental abruption

2003

Placental abruption is an unpredictable severe complication in pregnancy. In order to investigate the possibility that the activation of the fetal nonadaptive immune system may be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease, IL-6 release from cord blood monocytes was examined by intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometric analysis. Our results demonstrate that preterm placental abruption (n = 15) in contrast to uncontrollable preterm labor (n = 33) is associated with significantly (P < 0.001) increased release of IL-6 from the fetal monocytes. The same holds true for rhesus disease (n = 9, P < 0.001) that is characterized by a maternal production of antibodies against the rhesus-D …

Toxoplasmosi: il western blot nella diagnosi dell'infezione materno-fetale. Dati preliminari

2006

Twenty-year trends in the prevalence of Down syndrome and other trisomies in Europe : impact of maternal age and prenatal screening

2013

This study examines trends and geographical differences in total and live birth prevalence of trisomies 21, 18 and 13 with regard to increasing maternal age and prenatal diagnosis in Europe. Twenty-one population-based EUROCAT registries covering 6.1 million births between 1990 and 2009 participated. Trisomy cases included live births, fetal deaths from 20 weeks gestational age and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly. We present correction to 20 weeks gestational age (ie, correcting early terminations for the probability of fetal survival to 20 weeks) to allow for artefactual screening-related differences in total prevalence. Poisson regression was used. The proportion of births in …

Heart infarct in NOD-SCID mice: therapeutic vasculogenesis by transplantation of human CD34+ cells and low dose CD34+KDR+ cells

2004

Hematopoietic (Hem) and endothelial (End) lineages derive from a common progenitor cell, the hemangioblast: specifically, the human cord blood (CB) CD34+KDR+ cell fraction comprises primitive Hem and End cells, as well as hemangioblasts. In humans, the potential therapeutic role of Hem and End progenitors in ischemic heart disease is subject to intense investigation. Particularly, the contribution of these cells to angiogenesis and cardiomyogenesis in myocardial ischemia is not well established. In our studies, we induced myocardial infarct (MI) in the immunocompromised NOD-SCID mouse model, and monitored the effects of myocardial transplantation of human CB CD34+ cells on cardiac function.…

Antioxidant status and circulating lipids are altered in human gestational diabetes and macrosomia.

2007

Fetuses from mothers with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of developing neonatal macrosomia and oxidative stress. We investigated the modulation of antioxidant status and circulating lipids in gestational diabetic mothers and their macrosomic babies and in healthy age-matched pregnant women and their newborns. The serum antioxidant status was assessed by employing anti-radical resistance kit (KRL; Kirial International SA, Couternon, France) and determining levels of vitamin A, C, and E and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Circulating serum lipids were quantified, and lipid peroxidation was measured as the concentrations of serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances …

Long-Term Administration of High Dose Vitamin A to Rats Does Not Cause Fetal Malformations: Macroscopic, Skeletal and Physicochemical Finds

1996

A rat model was used to investigate whether high oral doses of vitamin A lead to fetal malformations and to what extent retinyl esters (RES) are transferred from the mother to the fetuses. Retinol and RES concentrations in plasma behave similarly in rats and humans. When high concentrations of vitamin A are administered, plasma retinol concentrations remain relatively constant, whereas plasma RES increased in parallel with the dose. To achieve an elevation from approximately 150 to > 1525 nmol x L(-1) in the experimental group before mating, female Ibm: RORO (spf) rats were fed a maintenance diet enriched with 15.2 x 10(3) retinol equivalents (RE) x kg(-1) at the start and increased stepwis…