Search results for "fibrinolysi"
showing 10 items of 97 documents
Effect of gemfibrozil treatment on fibrinolysis system in patients with hypertriglyceridemia
1992
Abstract The effect of gemfibrozil on lipidic, coagulative, and fibrinolytic pattern was studied in 20 patients with primary type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. After a 4-week stabilization period during which administration of lipid-lowering drugs was stopped and an isocaloric diet (20% protein, 30% fat, and 50% carbohydrates) was prescribed, 20 patients (12 men and 8 women; mean age, 38 ± 4 years; body mass index, 23.4 ± 1.5) suffering from primary hypertriglyceridemia were included in this study and treated for a 12-week period with gemfibrozil (600 mg BID). Every 4 weeks the following parameters were checked: glycemia, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, to…
Vascular atherosclerotic disease: Evaluation of white blood cell rheology and metabolism after acute intravenous administration of defibrotide
1994
Defibrotide is a single-strand polydeoxyribonucleotide, obtained by controlled depolymerization of DNA extracted from mammalian organs. It stimulates vascular prostacyclin production and secretion (1-3) and enhances fibrinolysis (1, 4-6). Several clinical trials have evidentiated that defibrotide is effective in the prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis and in the treatment of peripheral obliterative arterial disease (for a review see ref. 7). There are several reports concerning, in vitro and in vivo, the dose-dependent activity of defibrotide on the polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN). From these results, the molecule influences the PMN adhesivity (8, 9) and especially PMN activation, with s…
Activation of the first component of complement, C1: comparison of the effect of sixteen different enzymes on serum C1.
1983
In this study, the effect of sixteen different enzymes on serum C1 and its subcomponents was investigated. The sixteen enzymes could be divided into three groups. First, enzymes which activate native C1: trypsin (optimal concentration 2.4 x 10(-4) mM); alpha-chymotrypsin (2.3 x 10(3) mM); thrombin (1.0 x 10(-5) mM); plasmin (1.9 x 10(-5) mM); elastase (5.8 x 10(-5) mM); pronase (3.0 x 10(-6) mM). All these enzymes are serine esterase and activate native serum C1 bound to EAC4 at the given concentration within 10 min at 30 degrees C. Furthermore, native C1 inhibited by a pentosanpolysulfoester, Sp54, is unable to undergo the internal activation but can be externally activated by the serine e…
Contribution of sinusoidal endothelial liver cells to liver fibrosis: expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 receptors and modulation of pla…
1993
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 is an important cytokine in the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis, stimulating the production of extracellular matrix. Whether this cytokine can also control the degradation of matrix proteins in liver cells has not been investigated. Because plasmin is an important protease for the degradation of matrix glycoproteins, we investigated whether sinusoidal endothelial liver cells could contribute to fibrosing liver disease through the modulation of plasmin-generating enzymes in response to transforming growth factor-beta 1. Sinusoidal endothelial cells from guinea pig liver were investigated in pure monolayer culture. Using 125I-labelled transforming growth fa…
The Internal Dynamics of Fibrinogen and Its Implications for Coagulation and Adsorption
2015
Fibrinogen is a serum multi-chain protein which, when activated, aggregates to form fibrin, one of the main components of a blood clot. Fibrinolysis controls blood clot dissolution through the action of the enzyme plasmin, which cleaves fibrin at specific locations. Although the main biochemical factors involved in fibrin formation and lysis have been identified, a clear mechanistic picture of how these processes take place is not available yet. This picture would be instrumental, for example, for the design of improved thrombolytic or anti-haemorrhagic strategies, as well as, materials with improved biocompatibility. Here, we present extensive molecular dynamics simulations of fibrinogen w…
Hypercoagulability during pregnancy: evidences for a thrombophilic state
2006
The development of thrombotic disorders is a major threat for young women during pregnancy. It is one of the main causes of pregnancy-related disorders, which may also result in harm for the conceptus. Successful pregnancies require an even balance of coagulation and fibrinolysis, in order to secure stabilization of the basal plate as well as adequate placental perfusion. Broad spectrum assays which measure a range of thrombin/fibrin formation in serum have become an established means of identifying activation of blood coagulation and/or fibrinolysis. There is considerable interest in the application of these assays to the diagnosis of other hypercoagulable states, such as thrombophilia dur…
High-Dose ϵ-Aminocaproic Acid Versus Aprotinin: Antifibrinolytic Efficacy in First-Time Coronary Operations
1998
The antifibrinolytic efficacy of a high-dose regimen of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (epsilon-ACA) was compared with aprotinin in first-time coronary operations.In a prospective, double-blinded, randomized study, 20 patients received high-dose epsilon-ACA (10 g both as a loading and cardiopulmonary bypass priming dose, 2.5 g/h until 4 hours after protamine), and another 20 patients received aprotinin (2 x 10(6) KIU [280 mg] for loading and priming, 0.5 x 10(6) KIU/h [70 mg/h]). Ten untreated patients served as controls.Both agents reduced postoperative levels of thrombin/antithrombin III complexes, D-dimers, fibrin degradation products, free plasma hemoglobin (epsilon-ACA versus aprotinin, p =…
Reoperation and the centrifugal pump?
1992
Postperfusion syndrome is still a problem in long cardiac operations using extracorporeal circulation (ECC). To evaluate whether or not centrifugal blood pumping during open heart surgery is beneficial, a randomized, prospective study was undertaken of 50 consecutive patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting. The patients were divided into two groups of 25 each. In group 1 a centrifugal pump (Biomedicus) was used as arterial blood pump, while in group 2 a roller pump (Stockert) was used. The two groups did not differ significantly and the number of variables during surgery was kept low (identical perfusion set, two surgeons, minimal cardiotomy suction). The parameters stu…
Systemic Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Who Is a Candidate?
2017
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major cause of both acute and long-term morbidity for a large number of patients worldwide, and massive PE is frequently fatal. Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a key determinant of prognosis in the acute phase of PE. Patients with clinically overt RV failure, that is, with cardiogenic shock or persistent hypotension at presentation (acute high-risk PE), are clearly in need of immediate reperfusion treatment with systemic thrombolysis or, alternatively, surgical or catheter-directed techniques. On the other hand, within the large group of patients presenting without hemodynamic instability, the bleeding risk of full-dose intravenous thrombolytic treatment h…
Peripheral artery disease: potential role of ACE-inhibitor therapy
2008
Giuseppe Coppola, Giuseppe Romano, Egle Corrado, Rosa Maria Grisanti, Salvatore NovoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Nephro-Urological Diseases, Chair of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyAbstract: Subjects with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower limbs are at high risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and the prevalence of coronary artery disease in such patients is elevated. Recent studies have shown that regular use of cardiovascular medications, such as therapeutic and preventive agents for PAD patients, seems to be promising in reducing long-term mortality and morbidity. The angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) system…